Excuse me, what kind of flowers and plants is this? Attached:

Anthurium, also known as Anthurium, Flammulina velutipes and so on. It is mainly made by crossing two varieties of Anzuhua and Pulsatilla.

Chinese name: Anthurium andraeanum

Nicknames: candle, Anzuhua, Flammulina velutipes, gooseberry.

Two names: Anthurium andraeanum

Field: the field of plants

Phylum: Angiosperm phylum

Class: monocotyledonous plants class

Family: Araceae

Genus: Anthurium andraeanum

Type: Anthurium andraeanum

Distribution: Native to tropical South America, it is now widely planted in Europe, Asia and Africa.

Directory [hidden]

Basic information

Two-state feature

Distribution of three major producing areas

Four-value utilization ornamental value

economic value

Selection of planting materials

Reproductive characteristics

Anthurium's flower language

Five habits

Water for cultivation and management

fertilizer

illuminate

humidity

produce

Cultivation and maintenance of Anthurium andraeanum

Seven pests control

Prevention 1) Environmental prevention:

2) Fertilizer prevention:

Matters needing attention

Anthurium related articles

Anthurium related projects-basic information

Two-state feature

Distribution of three major producing areas

Four-value utilization ornamental value

economic value

Selection of planting materials

Reproductive characteristics

Anthurium's flower language

Five habits

Six cultivation management

Water, Fertilizer, Light and Wet Production of Anthurium andraeanum —— Cultivation, Maintenance and Pest Control

1) Environmental prevention: 2) Fertilizer prevention: Precautions for Anthurium related items.

Anthurium plants

[Edit this paragraph] Basic information

The scientific name of Anthurium andraeanum is also called Anthurium andraeanum, Anthurium andraeanum and Anthurium Schottanthulum. Anthurium Schottanthulum is attractive because of its delicate leaves, bright red Buddha's bud and bone needles inlaid with gold and jade. Its warm, enthusiastic, enthusiastic and enterprising artistic conception makes people feel happy. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of the sales form of Anthurium potted flowers, more and more flower producers hope to enter this field, and they are also eager to know the conditions for planting Anthurium and the problems that need attention. The author summed up a whole set of cultivation and management experience of potted Anthurium andraeanum in production practice, and now the main experience is introduced as follows: Botanical characteristics, Anthurium andraeanum belongs to Anthurium of Araceae, a perennial evergreen herb, which is a typical aerial root semi-fleshy fibrous root system. Stems are extremely short and almost stemless. Flowers can bloom all year round. Generally, when plants grow to a certain period, each leaf axil can sprout and blossom. Anthurium is often cross-pollinated by insects, such as bees, butterflies and moths.

[Edit this paragraph] Two morphological characteristics

Anthurium andraeanum is a perennial evergreen herb flower. Sexually prefer a warm, humid and well-drained environment, and are afraid of drought and strong light. The suitable daytime temperature of Anthurium andraeanum is 26 ~ 32℃, and the nighttime temperature is 2 1 ~ 32℃. The maximum tolerance temperature is 35℃ and the maximum tolerance low temperature is 65438 04℃. The suitable light intensity is 16000 ~ 20000 LX, and the relative humidity (RH) of air is 70% ~ 80%. Its plant height is generally 50 ~ 80 cm, which varies with varieties. Fleshy roots, no stems and leaves, long stems, solitary, heart-shaped, bright green, concave veins. Flowers axillary, spatula waxy, round to ovoid, bright red, orange red, white, spikes cylindrical, erect. Flowers bloom all year round.

[Edit this paragraph] Distribution of three producing areas

The humid semi-sewer originated from the tropical rain forest in South America, and was widely planted in Europe, Asia and Africa through introduction and improvement and greenhouse cultivation with light, temperature and water regulation systems. At present, the scientific research of Anthurium andraeanum in the world is in a relatively deep stage, among which the level in Europe is relatively high, followed by Asia and Africa. The Netherlands is in a leading position in the systematic research of Anthurium andraeanum. China began to introduce cultivation in 1970s.

[Edit this paragraph] Four-value usage

Ornamental value

Its flowers are unique, the buds of Buddha, with bright colors and rich colors, and are precious flowers in the world. The flowering period is long, the cut flowers can be preserved in water for as long as 1 month, and the cut leaves can be used as the matching leaves for flower arrangement. Can be used as potted plants, and the single flowering period of potted plants can be as long as 4 ~ 6 months. economic value

Anthurium andraeanum is an important tropical cut flower, and its spatula is huge, thick and waxy, with red, pink, white and green colors. Its bright color, peculiar shape, wide application range and high economic value are high-grade tropical cut flowers and potted flowers with rapid development and great demand in the world.

[Edit this paragraph] Selection of planting materials

At present, the seedlings used for potted Anthurium andraeanum production in China are mainly imported from Holland. For example, Anzu and Ryan are both famous suppliers of Anthurium seedlings in the Netherlands. There are four common potted materials of Anthurium andraeanum: tissue culture seedlings, cutting seedlings, plug seedlings and potted seedlings. A basic principle: the smaller the plant, the more difficult it is to cultivate. Tissue culture seedlings and cuttings need special planting methods, which are difficult and generally not recommended. For growers, if the cultivation conditions are good and they have some experience, they can choose potted seedlings with plant height of 10- 15 cm and plant them directly in the last pot, which is safer. while

[Edit this paragraph] Reproductive characteristics

Anthurium andraeanum is propagated mainly by plant division, cutting, sowing and tissue culture. In spring, the plants are divided into pots, the lateral branches with aerial roots are cut off and planted into single plants, and at least 3-4 leaves are left in the separated plants. Cutting propagation means cutting off old branches, removing leaves, and inserting a cutting into a transplanting bed of 25-35 "C every 1-2 knots, so that roots can grow in a few weeks. When the artificially pollinated seeds are ripe, they are sown at 25 ~ 30℃ immediately and germinate two weeks later. In order to develop a large number of candles, tissue culture is now used for breeding. Candles and flowers belong to the same genus, and they are emerging cut flowers and potted flowers at home and abroad. The flowering period of each flower can reach one month, and it can bloom all year round. Because of the gorgeous buds, beautiful plants and long viewing period, the demand for candles in the market is increasing. Potted flowers are mostly used as decorative flowers on indoor coffee tables and desks.

[Edit this paragraph] Anthurium Flower Language

Anthurium flower language: shows great ambition, enthusiasm and blood [1] The Greek name is "An Shilian", which means "a flower with a tail". It is like an open red palm, with a small golden ear on the palm, which is called "Buddha bud" academically. According to the western way of arranging flowers, the hall is very gorgeous and luxurious, with low vases and white or purple flowers around it. In addition, when a new store opens or celebrates a wedding, people will also choose it as a flower basket to add a festive atmosphere. The Japanese in Tanchanghua Road nicknamed it "Red Fan".

[Edit this paragraph] Five habits

The leaves and branches of Anthurium andraeanum have strange shapes: the leaves are dark green, heart-shaped, thick and tough, and the stamens are long and sharp, with bright red, white or green, surrounded by red, pink or spiritual Buddha buds, all of which are toxic. This flower, also known as flamenco flower or pigtail grass, once eaten by mistake, will feel burning and pain in the mouth, then it will swell and blister, and its voice will become hoarse and tense, making it difficult to swallow. Most of the symptoms will be alleviated or even disappeared over time. If you want to relieve pain, you can choose cool liquid, painkillers or foods such as licorice and flaxseed.

[Edit this paragraph] VI Cultivation management

At present, the seedlings used for potted Anthurium andraeanum production in China are mainly imported from Holland. For example, Anzu, AVO and Ryan are all famous suppliers of Anthurium seedlings in the Netherlands. There are four common potted materials of Anthurium andraeanum: tissue culture seedlings, cutting seedlings, plug seedlings and potted seedlings. A basic principle: the smaller the plant, the more difficult it is to cultivate. Tissue culture seedlings and cuttings need special planting methods, which are difficult and generally not recommended. For growers, if the cultivation conditions are good and they have some experience, they can choose potted seedlings with plant height of 10- 15 cm and plant them directly in the last pot, which is safer. When you have enough experience, you can choose pot seedlings with a plant height of 6- 10 cm, which is cheaper. Anthurium andraeanum is sensitive to temperature, and the optimum growth temperature is 14-35℃, the optimum temperature is 19-25℃, and the temperature difference between day and night is 3-6℃, that is, the optimum temperature is 2 1-25℃ during the day and 19℃ at night. At this temperature, it is beneficial to the absorption and accumulation of nutrients in Anthurium andraeanum. If the temperature is lower than 13℃ for a long time, the plant will not die, but it is difficult to restore growth for a long time. When the temperature is higher than 35℃ and the light is sufficient, the leaves are easy to burn, because the damaged leaves will not reverse, which will affect the overall quality of Anthurium andraeanum and bring difficulties to the following maintenance. Under the condition of intensive production, automatic temperature control equipment is often used to raise the temperature, and boiler heating or warm air heating equipment is installed in winter, such as oil heater, double-layer plastic sheet, cold-proof cloth, summer mat, straw, etc. Water curtain-fan cooling system is often used to cool down, which is also a common scheme in northern China, or water mist cooling and humidification equipment, or you can open the top window and side window of the greenhouse and roll up plastic sheets beside the plastic shed. Family maintenance, such as living in a bungalow, can be placed on the sunny side in winter, in the curtains at night, or near the heat source, on the windowsill in the dark side of the room in summer, paying attention to ventilation, or in the hall, or moved out of the house during the day and placed in a cool place. Anthurium andraeanum is a shade-tolerant plant, so it should not be directly exposed to the sun. But Anthurium should not be considered as a shade-tolerant flower, but it doesn't need light. It was observed that when the light increased 1%, the flower yield also increased 1%, but this was within the suitable light intensity range of Anthurium andraeanum. The suitable light intensity range is 10000-20000 lux, which mainly depends on different growth conditions of different varieties and different growth periods. In any case, make sure that the light does not exceed 25,000-30,000 lux for a long time. Under the condition of intensive production, double-layer shading nets are often used for shading, with 40% fixed shading nets outside the greenhouse and 60% movable shading nets inside the greenhouse, which can be adjusted freely according to the daily light intensity. The fixed sunshade net is relative and can also be used as a movable sunshade net. Family maintenance can be placed on the shady side of a room or in a hall with scattered light in summer, or in a place out of reach of outdoor sunlight, such as under trees, flowers or shade. Winter should be placed on the sunny side of the room. Anthurium is native to the tropical rain forest in South America. Sex likes warm and humid semi-cloudy environment, but it is not tolerant of shade, prefers sunshine to direct sunlight, is not cold-resistant, prefers fertilizer to saline-alkali. The substrate with good drainage should be selected for potted Anthurium andraeanum, and the composite substrate of peat, perlite and sand should be used for large-scale production, with the ratio of 1 m3 peat: 4-5kg perlite: 0. 1.5 m3 sand. Its pH value is kept between 5.5 and 6.5. The optimum growth temperature is 20-30℃, the highest temperature is not more than 35℃, and the lowest temperature is 65438 04℃. If it is lower than 10℃, it may be frozen at any time. The most suitable air relative humidity is 70%-80%, not less than 50%, because maintaining a high air humidity in the cultivation environment is the key to the success of Anthurium andraeanum cultivation. Therefore, foliar water spraying should be carried out many times throughout the year. Anthurium andraeanum is not resistant to strong light, so it should be cultivated in a suitable shade environment all year round, that is, a greenhouse with protective facilities. Appropriate shading should be done in spring, summer and autumn, especially in summer when shading is 70%. Direct sunlight will make the blade temperature higher than the air temperature. If the leaf temperature is too high, there will be burns, scorched leaves, withered buds and slow leaf growth. The specifications of the upper pot 1 and the flowerpot are different at different stages. The seedling stage has generally been completed in the seedling company, and all the Anthurium seedlings purchased during production are medium seedlings (about 15 cm). Therefore, you can choose 160× 150 mm disposable red plastic pot 2 when planting in the upper pot. The cultivation medium of Anthurium andraeanum must have the characteristics of strong water and fertilizer retention, good air permeability, no water accumulation, no toxic substances and plant fixation. Before planting, the substrate must be thoroughly disinfected to kill pests and diseases and maintain its normal growth. 3. Anthurium andraeanum planted in the upper pot is a shade-loving plant. When planting, you need a shading net with 75% shading ability to prevent excessive light. Double planting is better than single planting. It is very important to expose the growing point of the center of the plant to the horizontal plane of the substrate when planting in the upper pot, and at the same time try to avoid the pollution of the plant by the substrate. When placing the pot, firstly fill 4-5cm of granular gravel in the lower part of the pot, then add 2-3cm of culture soil, at the same time, put the plants in the center of the pot to fully expand the roots, and finally fill the culture soil to the surface of the pot for 2-3cm, but expose the growing points in the center of the plants and the leaflets at the base. Microbial agents must be sprayed in time after planting to prevent the occurrence of late blight and pythium.

moisture

Anthurium andraeanum is a salt-sensitive flower variety, and the pH value of the substrate should be controlled as much as possible between 5.2-6. 1, which is most suitable for the growth of Anthurium andraeanum. If the pH value is too small, the flower stems will become shorter and the ornamental value will be reduced. Tap water is suitable for planting Anthurium andraeanum, but it is expensive; Natural rain is the best water source for Anthurium andraeanum cultivation. Potted Anthurium andraeanum has different water requirements at different growth and development stages. At seedling stage, because the root system of plants is weak, it is shallowly distributed in the substrate and is not drought-tolerant. After planting, spray water 2-3 times a day, always keep the substrate moist, make it grow early, take more new roots, and pay attention to the dryness and humidity of the substrate on the surface of the basin. In the middle and large seedling stage, plants grow fast and need more water, so water supply must be sufficient; Appropriate watering should be reduced at flowering stage, and more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied to promote flowering. However, the key to the success of large-scale cultivation of Anthurium andraeanum is to maintain a relatively high air humidity. Especially in high temperature season, the relative humidity of air in greenhouse can be increased by spraying system and atomizing system. But be careful not to spray leaves at night, and make sure there are no water drops on the leaves of Anthurium andraeanum at night, so as not to burn the leaves at high temperature, causing the scorched leaves and buds to deform and fade. In the process of watering, it is necessary to alternate dry and wet, and never water plants when they are seriously short of water, which will affect their normal growth and development. In high temperature season, water is usually given once every 2-3 days, and the leaves are sprayed with water by spraying system at noon to increase the indoor relative humidity. Watering in cold season should be carried out before 9: 00 am to 4: 00 pm to avoid root frostbite.

fertilizer

According to Dutch cultivation experience, root fertilization of Anthurium andraeanum is much better than foliar topdressing. Because there is a layer of wax on the surface of the leaves of Anthurium andraeanum, it can not absorb fertilizer well. The application of liquid fertilizer should be based on the principle of periodic quantification. Autumn usually takes 3-4 days as a cycle. If the temperature is high, it can be watered every 2-3 days according to the degree of dryness and wetness of the substrate in the basin. You can water it once every two days in summer and once again when the temperature is high; Water is usually poured once every 5-7 days in autumn. Fertilization time varies with climate and environment. Generally, it is applied before 8: 00 am to afternoon 17. Winter or early spring is held from 9: 00 am to afternoon 16. Each fertilization must be operated by a special person, and the dilution concentration and application amount of liquid fertilizer (mother liquor) should be strictly controlled. Adjust the pH value of the diluted liquid fertilizer to about 5.7 and apply it when the EC value is 1.2ms/cm. In addition, after two hours of liquid fertilizer application, spray water on plant leaves with a spray system to wash the fertilizer remaining on the leaves, keep the leaves clean and avoid algae breeding.

illuminate

Anthurium andraeanum grows in a cycle of "leaves → flowers → leaves → flowers". Inflorescences are formed in the axils of each leaf. This leads to the same yield of flowers and leaves, and the most important factor of different yield is light. If there is too little light, the assimilates produced by plants under the influence of photosynthesis are also very few; When the light is too strong, some leaves of plants will become warm, which may cause the leaves to change color, burn or scorch. Therefore, the success of light management directly affects the quantity of assimilates produced by Anthurium andraeanum and the product quality in the later period. In order to prevent the bud from discoloring or burning, it must be protected by shading. The illumination in Anzu flower room can be controlled by movable shading net. On sunny days, 75% of the light is blocked. The ideal light in the greenhouse is about 20000Lux, and the maximum light intensity should not exceed 25000Lux for a long time. There is no need to block the light in the morning, at night or on rainy days. However, different growth stages of Anthurium andraeanum require different light. If the vegetative growth stage (usually picking flower buds) requires high light, the light can be appropriately increased to promote its growth; The requirement for light is low in flowering period, so the movable shading net can be adjusted to 10000Lux to 15000Lux to prevent the flower buds from changing color and affecting viewing.

humidity

The growth of Anthurium andraeanum requires relatively high temperature and humidity, so high temperature and humidity are beneficial to the growth of Anthurium andraeanum. Temperature is closely related to humidity. When the temperature is lower than 20℃, just keep the indoor natural environment. When the temperature reaches above 28℃, it is necessary to use spray system or atomization system to increase the relative humidity of indoor air and create a high temperature and high humidity growth environment for Anthurium andraeanum. However, even if the temperature in the greenhouse is high in winter, it is not appropriate to cool down and moisturize excessively, because the leaves of plants are too wet at night, which reduces their ability to keep out the cold and is prone to frostbite, which is not conducive to safe wintering. In hot season, the stronger the light, the higher the indoor temperature. At this time, the relative humidity of greenhouse air can be increased by spraying system or atomizing system, but plants should not be too wet at night to reduce the occurrence of diseases. You can also reduce the indoor humidity by turning on the ventilation equipment to avoid the abortion or distortion of flower buds due to high temperature. In cold winter, when the indoor day and night temperature is lower than 15℃, heating should be provided; When the temperature is lower than 13℃, it is even more necessary to use a heater to keep warm, prevent freezing injury and make plants overwinter safely.

produce

After a period of cultivation and management of Anthurium andraeanum, the substrate will be biodegraded and salinized, which will reduce the pH value of the substrate and increase the EC value, thus affecting the ability of plant roots to absorb fertilizer and water. Therefore, it is necessary to measure the pH value and EC value of the substrate regularly, and adjust the proportion of each nutrient element according to the measured data to promote the absorption of fertilizer and water by plants. In addition, most Anthurium andraeanum naturally germinates many small sucking buds at the roots, competing for the nutrition of the mother plant, keeping the plant young and affecting the plant shape. Suction buds can be picked from the early stage to reduce the damage to the mother plant.

[Edit this paragraph] Anthurium andraeanum-cultivation and protection

Anthurium likes warm, humid and ventilated environment. Indoor cultivation and maintenance should pay attention to the following points: 1, control the room temperature of Anthurium. The optimum temperature for the growth of Anthurium andraeanum is 18℃-28℃, the highest temperature is no more than 35℃, and the lowest temperature is 14℃. If it is lower than 10℃, freezing injury may occur at any time. When the temperature is higher than 32℃ in summer, cooling measures should be taken, such as strengthening ventilation, sprinkling more water and shading properly. If the indoor temperature is lower than 14℃ in winter, heating is needed. 2. Maintain high air humidity. The growth of Anthurium andraeanum needs high air humidity, generally not less than 50%, and high temperature and humidity will be more conducive to the growth of Anthurium andraeanum. When the temperature is lower than 20℃, just keep the indoor natural environment; When the temperature reaches above 28℃, the relative humidity of leaves and indoor air can be increased by spraying, so as to create a high-temperature and high-humidity growth environment for Anthurium andraeanum. But even when the indoor temperature is high in winter, it is not appropriate to cool down and moisturize too much, because the leaves of plants are too wet at night, which will reduce the cold resistance and easily cause freezing damage. 3. control the lights. When the light is too strong, it may cause the leaves to change color, burn or scorch. The success of lighting management is directly related to the quality of potted flowers and the number of flowers. Anthurium andraeanum is a shade-loving plant, so it should be placed indoors in a place with bright light and some scattered light. Be careful not to put Anthurium andraeanum in an environment with strong sunlight. 4. Water and fertilizer management should be appropriate. Anthurium andraeanum is a salt-sensitive flower. The less salt in the water, the better. It is best to use tap water. Fertilizer is often applied with water. Generally, compound fertilizer with the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium1:1:1is selected. After the compound fertilizer is dissolved in water, it is poured with one thousandth concentration of liquid fertilizer. Generally, water is poured once every three days in spring and autumn. If the temperature is high, water can be poured every 2 13 days according to whether the substrate in the basin is dry or wet. You can water it once every two days in summer and once when the temperature is high; Water is usually poured once every 5-7 days in winter. Special fertilizer for Anthurium can also be used directly. 5. When changing pots, the base should be loose. Peat soil, leaf chaff and perlite can be mixed into mixed soil according to the ratio of 3: 2: 1.

[Edit this paragraph] 7 Pest control

1. Potted Anthurium sometimes appears premature aging, deformity, adhesion, cracking, vitrification, blue spots and other phenomena, which are mostly physiological diseases caused by fertilization, improper management of soil and air humidity or variety reasons. The prevention methods are strengthening cultivation management, rational fertilization and proper ventilation. 2. The main pests and diseases of potted Anthurium andraeanum are bacterial wilt, leaf spot, root rot, Cladosporium, nematodes, Anthurium andraeanum, aphids, LEPIDOPTERA pests, whiteflies, scale insects and snails. 3. Anthracnose is one of the common diseases of Anthurium andraeanum. The pathogen is a fungus of Plasmodium or Leptospira. The former symptom is that round brown spots are formed along the veins, and then the spots are connected to form serious lesions with brown edges, and finally the affected area dries up. The latter is similar to the former, with black bad hair on the helix, which will cause flower rot and form black necrotic spots on the ear. High humidity is the main cause of this disease. The control methods are chemical control and strengthening cultivation management. Always ventilate and transmit light, avoid water or air conditioning condensate splashing on the leaves, and remove the diseased leaves in time. Harmful symptoms of red spider: it mainly discolors leaves and flowers, which affects the commercialization of leaves and flowers. In the early stage of damage, it can be controlled by spraying chemicals, such as dicofol, bentazone, omethoate and cyfluthrin. Bacterial wilt is a bacterial disease caused by Xanthomonas, which can infect leaves and ears. At the early stage of the disease, the leaves formed waterlogged, translucent and irregular spots, then turned black, with bright yellow edges outside and green around the spots. Pathogenic bacteria can cause systemic infection, which is characterized by yellowing of old leaves, broken petioles and yellowing of vascular bundles. The control method is to strengthen cultivation management, supplemented by chemical control, remove diseased plants and residues in time and burn them. In the process of cultivation management, artificial trauma and the use of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer should be minimized. Generally, agricultural streptomycin or neophytomycin is sprayed at the initial stage of the disease. One of the symptoms of bacterial leaf spot is on leaves and flowers. Water-stained spots can be seen on the back of leaves and flowers in the early stage, and brown spots with yellow halo appear on the edge of leaves in the later stage. The other is that bacterial infection starts from the stem, and the infected cells quickly spread to the whole plant through microtubules. It can be found that the color of new leaves is dim in the early stage, because the microtubules are blocked by bacteria, which hinders the flow of water and the transportation of nutrients in the body, making the leaves dim and yellow. In a short time, this infection will cause the pedicels and leaves of plants to fall off, the growing points will rot rapidly and bacteria will flow out.

[Edit this paragraph] Prevention

There is no specific medicine for bacterial diseases, mainly for prevention:

1) Environmental prevention:

Strengthen the control of greenhouse temperature (the ideal breeding condition of bacteria is about 30 degrees), sanitary environment and the flow of personnel and working tools in production areas. Anthurium 2) Fertilizer prevention:

Try not to use high ammonium nitrogen fertilizer in plant growth. To remove or isolate diseased plants. Leaf blight is caused by nematodes and mainly infects roots and leaves. Symptoms are necrotic spots or brown spots along the veins, root swelling, and finally the whole leaf is dry. The prevention and control methods are mainly to strengthen the quarantine of seedlings, select strong seedlings and disinfect the cultivation substrate. Eight household uses: absorbing benzene and trichloroethylene harmful to human body in the air. When Araceae plants bloom, the flowers will be slightly toxic, so it is best to move outdoors. Anthurium andraeanum, Anthurium andraeanum, Ruby and Emerald belong to Araceae. The representative of Euphorbiaceae is poinsettia, also known as poinsettia. This flower is also poisonous. Otherwise, if you eat it by mistake, you will be fine. Wash your hands every time you trim branches and leaves. Its poison mainly comes from fruit juice, so you should pay attention to it.

[Edit this paragraph] Precautions

Anthurium Anthurium should pay attention to moisturizing. Anthurium Anthurium has a graceful figure. The leaves are inclined above the petiole. Viewed from the side, this plant is teacup-shaped, with fiery red petals and extremely bright colors. The key to cultivating Anthurium andraeanum is to master the humidity. If the humidity can be controlled correctly during the growth of Anthurium andraeanum, it will naturally grow vigorously, blossom and bear fruit. The so-called humidity control is not simply to add excessive water to the cultivation substrate, but to maintain the humidity in the air environment. From spring to autumn, it is not simply to water the roots, but more importantly, to spray water on the leaves, and to spray it in the room where flowers are planted to keep the leaves hydrated enough. When the basin soil is slightly dry in winter, spray it on the leaves 2-3 times a week. If the room temperature is low at night, you can cover the whole plant with plastic film to keep it warm and humid. In addition, the roots of Anthurium andraeanum are also wet-loving, so putting 20% water-absorbing stone or water-retaining moss in the culture soil around the roots can promote the normal growth of the roots and play a good role in the development of the whole plant. When strengthening the management of topdressing liquid fertilizer, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 3: 3: 7, and it is diluted 500 times every two months from April to June. The optimum temperature for the growth of Anthurium andraeanum is 25-30℃. The minimum temperature during wintering should be at least 65438 05℃. It is not easy for Anthurium andraeanum to bloom in insufficient light, but direct sunlight will cause leaf burns, so the most ideal measure is to put it in a cool place. Keep it in the center of a warm and bright room in winter and avoid direct sunlight in summer. If it is sunny, it can be placed under the shade of evergreen trees or hung under a shed without strong light to avoid the burning of strong light and the refraction of sunlight. Proper management of water, fertilizer and light can promote the healthy growth of Anthurium andraeanum leaves and produce satisfactory flowers. After the flowers that sow and propagate Anthurium are opened, white pollen is scattered. At this time, artificial pollination with dry brush can promote fertilization and fruiting. When the seeds are fully mature, the seeds with the size of sesame seeds are picked and sown, and the suitable sowing period is May-September. Before sowing, wash the seeds with clear water to make them absorb enough water before sowing. First, put 1/2 peat soil into the sowing basin, cover it with a layer of powdery broken moss with a thickness of about 1cm, then put the wet seeds on it, and lightly sprinkle 5- 10 mm moss powder with a fine sieve. After sowing, put the flowerpot in the shade, avoid direct sunlight, and keep the temperature to facilitate germination and emergence.

[Edit this paragraph] Anthurium related articles

Anthurium: People who are interested in studying artistic flower arrangement are very particular about the choice of flowers, branches, leaves and fruits. In recent years, many experts in flower arrangement have found that Anthurium andraeanum with unique flower shape is indeed a promising "flower arrangement star". Anthurium andraeanum, also known as Anthurium andraeanum and taro with red buds. The Greek name "An Shilian" is translated as "a flower with a tail". It is like an open red palm, with a small golden ear on the palm, which is called "Buddha bud" academically. In fact, strictly speaking, there are many differences between flamingo flowers and Anthurium flowers. Both flower buds are palm-shaped, but the difference is that the meat spike of flamingo flower looks like the bent neck of crane bird, while the meat spike of Anthurium flower looks like a short candle, so it is also called "flower candle". Except for this little difference, their plant height is 30 ~ 50 cm, their leaves are long heart-shaped, similar to arrowheads, their petioles protrude from the base, their leaves are green and there are silvery white veins in the middle. If cultivated well, a flower can grow between the axils of almost every leaf. Pedicels are about forty or fifty centimeters long, and most of them are taller than leaves. The safflower it produces is full of shiny wax, which often makes people mistake it for a fake flower made of plastic. It will fade after being inserted for more than 20 days. Therefore, people call it flamingo flower and buy it at will. Because Anthurium is bright and dazzling, many people in Europe and America regard it as a symbol of "enthusiasm and boldness". Generally, it adopts western flower arrangement style, with low bottles and jars Int surrounded by white or purple flowers, which makes the hall look extremely gorgeous and luxurious. In addition, when a new store opens or celebrates a wedding, people will also choose it as a flower basket to add a festive atmosphere. The Japanese in Tanchang Flower Island also like Anthurium very much. When they use the flower arrangement method of "heaven, earth and people", they often put the red palm in the position of "heaven" to show their heroic spirit and have the reputation of "red fan" At present, there are more than 250 varieties of Anthurium around the world, most of which are mainly red, and a few are white, orange, purple, pink, red and green. In the international market, red flowers are the best sellers. 199 1 year, there are more than 1.8 million fireworks in Japan. The price of flamingos in Hong Kong is generally 2-3 times higher than that of roses. However, domestic cities are in short supply. Anthurium andraeanum is a perennial herb of Araceae, which is native to tropical rain forests in South America. It is widely distributed in Costa Rica and Guatemala. Now there are many kinds in Holland, Brazil and Colombia. It is characterized by cold and warm, dry and wet, yin and yang. The optimum growth temperature is 18 ~ 25℃, and the critical low temperature is 15℃. If it's too cold, it won't bloom. The required relative humidity is greater than 60%. In recent years, introduction experiments have been carried out in Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou and Shenzhen. It is generally reflected that this flower is more delicate and difficult to grow than other plants of the same family. Flower farmers in Hong Kong are accustomed to intensive management, and their cultivation in the open field has also achieved success. However, for commercial production in the mainland, it is necessary to adopt protective facilities such as plastic greenhouses or glass greenhouses, implement rain protection in spring and summer, and keep warm in autumn and winter to improve the quality of cut flowers. It can be propagated by ramets. Cut the stem and sow. At present, pollination and fruiting are still difficult in China. If large-scale production is to be carried out, cell tissue culture and seedling raising can be carried out in order to obtain economic benefits quickly. As for the balcony or ceiling planting at home, because the number is small, as long as you get the ramets of seedlings and pay attention to careful care, you can generally bloom smoothly. The root distribution of Anthurium andraeanum is shallow. When planting, we should try to use nutrient soil mixed with loose humus soil, broken pond mud, dry animal manure, fine river sand, plant ash and a small amount of calcium superphosphate, so as to make its growth and development have sufficient nutrients. After planting, it should be drenched with clear water and placed in a cool place. After rooting, it should be placed in a semi-cloudy and semi-sunny position to receive scattered light and enhance photosynthesis. If it is planted on the ceiling, it is necessary to set up a sunshade net cover to block the damage of the hot sun. Under normal circumstances, flowers can bloom about 150 days after colonization. The flowering period is mostly between summer and autumn. Always pay attention to watering the plants to keep the soil moist. When the weather is dry, properly spray water on the leaves to help them clean the dust. Reduce the water absorption burden of roots. Top dressing every 15 days 1 time. Peanut bran can be used to soak human urine, and diluted 10 times after decomposition, which has a significant effect on promoting flowers.