Why is it that upholding and perfecting the people's congress system is an inevitable requirement for expanding socialist democracy and ensuring that the people are masters of their own affairs?

First, the people's congress system has effectively guaranteed the democratic rights of Zhejiang people to be masters of their own affairs.

Zhejiang has a special fate with the people's congress system, and the first constitution of People's Republic of China (PRC) was drafted in Hangzhou.

1953 in may, the first general election of grassroots democracy in Zhejiang province began after the founding of new China. There were 10836624 voters who participated in the grassroots elections, accounting for 83.94% of the voters.

1954 On August 3rd, the first meeting of the First People's Congress of Zhejiang Province was grandly opened in Hangzhou, and the people's congress system was grandly announced.

The lens of history flashed back quickly.

On July 29th, 2000, Zhejiang Provincial People's Congress Standing Committee held a legislative hearing on "Measures for Implementing Consumer Protection Law in Zhejiang Province (Revised Draft)", which attracted national attention. This is the first legislative hearing held in our province after the promulgation and implementation of the legislative law. Open the door of legislation, safeguard rights according to law, and the channels for the people to express their interests are constantly open.

On June 24th, 2002, 65438+February 24th, 27-year-old migrant girl Zhu rushed to the 10th constituency of Houzhai Street in Yiwu City to participate in the election of deputies to the National People's Congress, becoming the first county (city, district) representative of migrant workers in China. The entry of migrant workers into the ranks of NPC representatives means that their democratic rights have been more effectively guaranteed.

In 2005, Zhejiang took the lead in broadcasting the meeting of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People's Congress through online video. When the 26th meeting of the Standing Committee of the Tenth Provincial People's Congress was broadcast live, the hit rate was as high as 6.5438+0.05 million times and the audience reached 220,000.

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This series of historical moments reflects the great process of Zhejiang people's full realization of their democratic rights as masters of their own country, and shows the historical picture of Zhejiang people's active participation in the construction of democracy and legal system.

Over the past 60 years since the founding of New China, especially over the past 30 years of reform and opening up, with the deepening of economic system reform and opening up, adapting to the profound changes in economic foundation and increasing people's awareness of democracy, Zhejiang has continuously adhered to and improved the people's congress system, ensuring that people are masters of their own affairs from the fundamental political system, which has greatly stimulated the enthusiasm and creativity of the broad masses of the people, thus making Zhejiang at the forefront not only in economic construction, but also in socialist democratic political construction, and making contributions to the overall situation of national reform and development.

Democratic elections are an important foundation for the people to be masters of their own affairs. Through universal and equal democratic elections, the people produce their own representatives and form people's congresses at all levels. People's congresses at all levels are responsible to the people and supervised by the people, effectively ensuring that the people carry out democratic decision-making, democratic management and democratic supervision according to law and enjoy extensive democracy, freedom and rights stipulated by the Constitution and laws.

In recent years, the proportion of grass-roots and front-line deputies in people's congresses at all levels has increased, the structure of deputies to people's congresses has been further optimized, and the advanced and extensive nature of deputies has been further reflected. In 2008, among the 636 deputies to the 11th National People's Congress elected by our province, 105 were front-line workers and farmers, accounting for 16.5%. It is 6 percentage points higher than the previous session. Yang Xiaoxia, a quality engineer in Ningbo Weike Essence Home Textiles Co., Ltd., gloriously became the first migrant worker in our province to be elected as a representative of the National People's Congress.

Over the past 30 years of reform and opening up, Zhejiang Province has continuously strengthened the work of deputies and given full play to their role in managing economic and social affairs. 1.9941.05 In September 2005, the Measures for Implementing the Law of Zhejiang Province on Deputies to the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China and Local People's Congresses at Various Levels and the Opinions of the Party Group of the Standing Committee of Zhejiang Provincial People's Congress on Further Giving Full Play to the Role of Deputies to the Provincial People's Congress and Strengthening the System Construction of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People's Congress were formulated. Establish a division of labor system, such as contacting representatives of members of the Standing Committee, the director receiving representatives' days, inviting representatives to attend meetings of the Standing Committee, informing representatives of major issues, and visiting grassroots representatives, and gradually form multi-channel, multi-form and multi-level regular contacts, so that people's representatives can enjoy more right to know; The Standing Committee of the Fifth Provincial People's Congress attached great importance to organizing representatives to carry out activities during the intersessional period, and decided to establish provincial people's congress representative groups in cities and counties, following the practice of previous conferences. By the time of the Ninth Provincial People's Congress, 89 provincial people's congress representative groups and 12 representative center groups had been established.

While giving full play to the role of deputies to the National People's Congress, Zhejiang has continuously expanded citizens' orderly political participation and enriched the realization forms of people being masters of their own affairs.

1In July, 988, the fourth meeting of the Standing Committee of the Seventh Provincial People's Congress invited four NPC deputies and provincial NPC deputies to attend, and invited the leaders of provincial mass organizations to attend; 1In April, 989, the Second Session of the Seventh Provincial People's Congress invited 83 people from all walks of life to attend the meeting for the first time. In 2003, a system of citizens attending meetings of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People's Congress was established. For the first time, 15 citizens attended meetings of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People's Congress, which opened up a new way for citizens to exercise their democratic rights.

"The change and invariability of law lies in the power of the country, but in the hearts of scholars." Local legislation is an important part of establishing a socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics and an important guarantee for people to be masters of their own affairs and safeguard their rights. In 2002, the "Local Legislation Network" in our province was officially opened, which not only expanded citizens' orderly political participation, but also created a precedent for provincial people's congresses to host special websites for legislation. In 2004, the Standing Committee of Zhejiang Provincial People's Congress collected legislative suggestions on the Internet for the first time, and the suggestions of an ordinary citizen may also be included in the legislative plan. Since the Fifth Provincial People's Congress, the Provincial People's Congress and its Standing Committee have gradually attached importance to strengthening local legislation by organizing extensive research and demonstration, holding hearings and collecting opinions from all sides, and embarked on an innovative road of "open door legislation".

Since the founding of New China, the glorious course of democratic political construction in Zhejiang and the vivid practice of the people's congress system in Zhejiang have fully demonstrated the strong vitality and great superiority of the people's congress system:

It is widely representative. Citizens of China who have reached the age of 18 have the right to vote and stand for election, regardless of nationality, race, sex, occupation, family background, religious belief, education level, property status and length of residence.

It has the right guarantee, and the operation mode of the people's congress effectively guarantees the real right of the people to be masters of their own affairs.

It has good coordination, which ensures the coordinated and efficient operation of state organs. The NPC and the "one government, two houses" have a reasonable division of labor and coordinated work.

It has a high degree of unity, concentrated the will of all the people, concentrated on major events, and played an important role in mobilizing and organizing the people.

Whether a political system is democratic or superior depends on whether the wishes of the overwhelming majority of the people are fully reflected, whether the rights of the overwhelming majority of the people to be masters of their own affairs are fully realized, and whether the legitimate rights and interests of the overwhelming majority of the people are fully guaranteed.

The practice in Zhejiang fully shows that the people's congress system embodies the essence of China's socialist democracy that "all power belongs to the people" and is a reliable guarantee for safeguarding the fundamental interests of the people.

Second, the construction of "Zhejiang ruled by law" has promoted the continuous improvement of the people's congress system.

Democracy and the rule of law complement each other, like two wheels of a car and wings of a bird. Democracy without the protection of the rule of law cannot be true democracy.

To develop socialist democratic politics, the most fundamental thing is to organically unite upholding the leadership of the party, the people being the masters of the country and governing the country according to law.

Since the reform and opening up, Zhejiang has attached great importance to the construction of socialist democracy and legal system. 1996, the Seventh Plenary Session of the Ninth Provincial Party Committee solemnly put forward the policy of governing the province according to law, emphasizing the need to conscientiously implement the spirit of the central government governing the country according to law and building a socialist country ruled by law, and studying and formulating the idea of "governing the province according to law" in light of the actual situation in Zhejiang. After the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the general plan of governing the country according to law, the provincial party committee made the "Decision on Further Promoting Governing the Country according to Law" in time. Soon, the "Decision on Building" Zhejiang under the Rule of Law "was passed, which made an overall arrangement for building" Zhejiang under the Rule of Law ". Subsequently, the Standing Committee of the Provincial People's Congress also made a resolution to build "Zhejiang ruled by law", which effectively promoted the construction of the people's congress system and the process of Zhejiang ruled by law.

Upholding and improving the Party's leadership plays an overall role in promoting the construction of socialist democratic politics. Since the reform and opening up, Party committees at all levels in the province have incorporated the work of the National People's Congress into the overall layout of their work in accordance with the principle of "commanding the overall situation and coordinating all parties", earnestly strengthened and improved their leadership over the work of the National People's Congress, and actively supported the National People's Congress in performing its functions and carrying out its work. Adhere to and improve the system of regularly listening to special reports, important information reports, answering questions and asking for instructions. Strengthen the publicity and education of law popularization and strive to create a good environment for the work of the National People's Congress.

The role of people's congresses at all levels in our province as local organs of state power has been fully brought into play. Since the reform and opening up, in the long-term work practice, the successive people's congresses and their standing committees in our province have conscientiously adhered to and strived to embody the principle that all power belongs to the people, the principle of democratic centralism and the principle of the people's democratic system under the leadership of the party, effectively performed their statutory duties, and constantly improved and improved the working system and mechanism of the people's congresses, and achieved positive results.

Scientific and democratic legislation has been continuously promoted, and the quality of legislation has been continuously improved. During the period from February 2008 1979 to 65438+, the Standing Committee of the Provincial People's Congress formulated and revised 359 local regulations. At present, there are 323 effective local regulations, including provincial local regulations 174, Hangzhou local regulations 72, Ningbo local regulations 75, Jingning She Autonomous County autonomous regulations and separate regulations 1, covering all fields, so that the economic and social development of our province has laws to follow.

Legal supervision and work supervision have been carried out according to law, and the effectiveness of supervision by the NPC has been continuously enhanced. Thoroughly implement the supervision law and the Supervision Regulations of the Standing Committee of Zhejiang Provincial People's Congress, improve the supervision methods and mechanisms, and continuously improve the effectiveness of supervision. Insist on reviewing the work reports of the provincial government, the provincial higher people's court and the provincial people's procuratorate, and promote the solution of practical problems. Carry out law enforcement inspection earlier in the country and effectively promote administration according to law. Deepen budget review and supervision, comprehensively implement departmental budgets, and promote the construction of financial performance evaluation system. Strengthen the supervision of judicial work, standardize law enforcement behavior, and promote law enforcement justice. Insist on combining the work of letters and visits with the full implementation of the supervision function of the National People's Congress, establish and improve the working mechanism, reflect social conditions and public opinion in a timely manner, and strive to resolve social contradictions.

The decision-making power on major issues is an important function of the National People's Congress and its Standing Committee. Since the reform and opening up, the Standing Committee of Zhejiang Provincial People's Congress has discussed and decided on more than 90 major issues/kloc-0, and the number has increased year by year. On the basis of summing up many years' practical experience, the Standing Committee of the Ninth Provincial People's Congress passed the Provisions of the Standing Committees of People's Congresses at All Levels in Zhejiang Province on Discussing and Deciding Major Matters, which put this work into the standardized track.

Third, the construction of grassroots democracy and the people's congress system have formed a pattern of mutual promotion.

Comrade Mao Zedong once pointed out that the budget reflects the national policy, because it stipulates the scope and direction of government activities. In February, 2008, zeguo town City, Wenling City carried out the work of people's heart-to-heart talks on public budget and NPC representatives, which combined "democratic heart-to-heart talks" with NPC budget review and supervision, and promoted the function of NPC.

In recent years, through the revision of the election method of village committees by the National People's Congress, the construction of grassroots democracy has been strengthened day by day. With the continuous advancement of grassroots democracy, the foundation of the people's congress system has been further consolidated. Practice has proved that to uphold and improve the people's congress system, we must base ourselves on the people, for the people, rely on the people, and give full play to the wisdom of the people. Expanding grass-roots democracy, implementing direct democratic management at the grass-roots level and matching with the people's congress system are important forms of socialist democratic politics in China. At the same time, through grassroots democratic practice activities, a large number of qualified citizens who can correctly exercise their democratic rights have been trained, and the effective implementation of the people's congress system has been actively promoted. Therefore, the more sound the grass-roots democratic system is, the wider and deeper the activities are, and the deeper and more solid the foundation of the people's congress system will be.

Since the reform and opening up, Party committees and governments at all levels in Zhejiang have respected the pioneering spirit of the broad masses of cadres and people, constantly summed up experience, standardized and guided them, and effectively promoted the construction of grassroots democracy.

Efforts should be made to expand democracy at the grass-roots level in rural areas and ensure that farmers exercise their rights as masters of their own affairs according to law. In recent years, our province has continuously improved the villagers' self-government mechanism led by Party organizations, improved the democratic election, democratic decision-making, democratic management and democratic supervision systems in rural areas, improved the system of village affairs disclosure and financial disclosure, ensured the healthy development of rural grassroots democracy, and effectively promoted the construction of a new socialist countryside.

Self-recommended sea election: a new exploration of grassroots democratic elections. In March, 2005, Tangjiadai Village, Tangqi Town, Yuhang District, Hangzhou was the first democratic election at the grassroots level, and the members of the village committee were elected by "self-recommended sea election". In 2008, Yuhang District 192 administrative villages successfully elected their own sea election village committees, which reached 7 1.4%, a significant increase over previous years. In 2008, "self-recommended sea election" was popularized in the whole province as a new election method. In addition, the system of competitive speech and campaign promises has also been implemented in many areas, and rural grassroots democratic elections have been deepened through innovation.

Democratic talk: the new practice of democratic management at the grass-roots level. "Democratic talk", which originated from 1999, is a general term for all kinds of grass-roots democratic activities of various towns and municipal organs in Wenling. After years of practice, democratic discussion has been extended to the public budget and decision-making of Wenling City, some organs and township governments. In March 2004, Wenling's Talk on Democracy won the second "China Local Government Innovation Award".

A new attempt of democratic supervision at the grass-roots level. In 2004, Wuyi County launched a pilot project to improve the openness and democratic management of village affairs in Houchen Village, Bai Yang Street, and established a "supervision committee", which is the first village-level organization in China to supervise villagers' self-government. Now, democratic hearings, voting on major issues and other forms are widely promoted in the province.

In recent years, Zhejiang has also made great efforts to promote community residents' autonomy, explore the direct election of community neighborhood committees, and establish and implement systems such as community residents' representative meetings and open government affairs. The province has issued a series of policy documents, such as Opinions on Promoting Community Residents' Autonomy, to effectively protect the democratic rights of community residents. In the direct election of community neighborhood committees in Haishu District, Ningbo City, the system of "separation of selection and employment" was implemented, which achieved a major breakthrough in community management mode and was called "fundamental change in the operation mode of neighborhood committees" by scholars. Xiacheng District of Hangzhou actively explores the new development mode of "modern harmonious community", and relies on the strength of community residents and non-governmental organizations to realize the enjoyment of * * * buildings, thus promoting the democratic management of the community.

Further improve the system of workers' congress, and actively promote the democratic management practices of enterprises such as direct election of trade unions, openness of factory affairs, wage negotiation, and trade union rights protection. In 2000, Yiwu Federation of Trade Unions established Workers' Legal Rights Protection Center (Association), and a brand-new trade union rights protection model quietly started. The center successfully explored a set of operating mechanism, which greatly reduced the cost of workers' rights protection, effectively resolved the contradiction between labor and capital, and promoted social harmony. In recent years, in Wenzhou and other places, in order to solve the labor disputes of non-public enterprises, a collective wage negotiation system has been established, and the number of employees petitioning for wages has dropped rapidly.

In the past 30 years, the grass-roots democracy in our province has followed the track of internal demand and effective government regulation, and creatively opened up a road for the development of grass-roots democracy.

This road fully proves that only by relying on the people, adhering to the mass line and respecting the initiative of the masses can we observe the people's feelings, concentrate their wisdom, win the hearts of the people, and truly implement the people as masters of the country.

In the development history of human social and political system, the development and perfection of any system is bound to go through a long-term practical process. Facing the new era, we should further adhere to, improve and develop the people's congress system, effectively protect the people's right to be masters of their own affairs, constantly promote the construction of political civilization in Zhejiang, and make continuous progress on the road of socialist democracy.