Ask a question about photo exposure.

Actually, what you said is not entirely right.

Spot metering is to let the camera metering system measure light by selecting a small part of the subject, which can not only improve the brightness of the photo (if the metering point faces a dark area), but also reduce the brightness of the photo (if the metering point faces a bright area). This is a metering system that guides the camera by selecting metering points.

EV compensation artificially increases an offset value on the basis of the normal metering result of the camera, so it will also lead to the change of the final imaging brightness. But this change can be not only bright (at +EV), but also dark (at-EV).

Increasing the exposure time can improve the brightness of the photo, which has a prerequisite-the aperture is unchanged. This can usually only be achieved in manual exposure mode. In automatic exposure mode, if the exposure time is prolonged, the camera's metering system will automatically narrow the aperture to maintain normal exposure. This method allows more light energy to reach the photosensitive device by extending the exposure time, so it will make the photo brighter.

Over-exposed photos will greatly damage the highlights of photos, especially the principle of digital camera photosensitive elements, which makes many professionals willing to slightly underexpose during exposure and can be compensated by post-processing, but there is almost no room for post-exposure compensation.