The general idea of this poem

Commentary: In the flowing water of Qingjiang River under the platform of Yugu, there are many tears of exiles. Looking at Chang 'an, the old capital, the mountains cover my sight. Qingshan can't stop me, and Qingshui River flows eastward. How sad I am when night falls by the river! In the deep mountains, only partridges can be heard.

Appreciate:

The author's first poem expresses the author's deep patriotic feelings with a very clear metaphor, which is a treasure in the poem. Xin Qiji's poem "Bodhisattva Man" uses a very sharp contrast to enhance the art and writes a very deep patriotic feeling, which is worthy of being a treasure in the ci.

Jujube mouth is a jujube mouth, located 60 miles southwest of wanan county, Jiangxi Province (Wan 'an County annals). The Yugutai in the poem is located in the northwest corner of Ganzhou City (Jiajing's "Ganzhou County Records"), and it is named after "Long Fu is a few tens of feet away from the ground". "When Li Mian in the Tang Dynasty stabbed in the book History of Qianzhou (namely Ganzhou), he swam north and said," Although I am not as good as Zi Mou, my heart is in Wei Que. Become depressed and lonely. "("Yu Fang Sheng Lan ") Qingjiang is the Ganjiang River. Chapter and Gong Ershui flows through Ganzhou City, to Yugutai, then to the north, passing through Koukou, Wan 'an, Taihe, Jizhou (ruling Luling, now Ji 'an), Longxingfu (namely Hongzhou, now Nanchang), into Poyang Lake and into the Yangtze River. In the second or third year of Xichun (1175-1176), the poet mentioned Jiangxi prison and stationed in Ganzhou. This word was written by the poet at this time. Luo Dajing's "He Lu" in Southern Song Dynasty. Xin You 'an wrote: "Its name is Jiangxi Zaokou Ci. At the beginning of Gainan crossing, the Lu people chased the Queen Mother Longyou, and (after the philosopher Zong Meng, the aunt) took the boat to make the mouth, and returned late, which was especially gratifying. " This record is of great significance for understanding the meaning of this word. Biography of Song History Gao Zongji and His Empresses: In August of the third year of Jianyan (1 129), "Liu Ning was ordered to stop the establishment of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, and Empress Wei went to Hongzhou, Teng Kang and three provinces to take charge of the Privy Council." In August, the emperor also left Jiankang (now Nanjing) for western Zhejiang. At that time, the nomads invaded the south in two ways. In October, the nomads from West Road crossed the river from Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei) and went straight to Hongzhou to pursue the Queen Mother Longyou. "Kang and Jue invited the Empress Dowager to visit Jizhou, but the Jin people were in a hurry, so the Empress Dowager took a boat for a night trip." Three Dynasties North Union "1 1 23rd of the month:" Meiji to Taihe County (to Jizhou) is 80 miles. "Taihe County Records"), and to wanan county (to Taihe thyme. "Wan 'an County Records"), there were less than 100 soldiers and guards, and Teng Kang and all fled into the valley. The Jin people chased Taihe County, and the Queen Mother went from wanan county to Zaokou and disembarked. Fortunately, she was in Ganzhou (two hundred and forty miles to Wan 'an? Ganzhou prefecture). Legend of Empresses in Song Dynasty: Empress Dowager Cixi and Pan Fei walked with the peasants' shoulders. "The history of the Song Dynasty. Biography of Hu Quan: "In order to get rid of her good luck and piety, the Queen Mother had to recruit rural soldiers to help the imperial army defend the Golden Guards. "

Historical records show that the nomads from the Golden Army chased after Taihe. "And Roche chase stoma records slightly different. However, Roche was a native of Luling in the Southern Song Dynasty and once served as a military attache in Fuzhou, Jiangxi. It is doubtful whether his record is true. Besides, since the Nomads have arrived in Taihe, and their forwards have already chased Nankou 160, it cannot be said that it is impossible. Whether or not the nomads from the army chased the stoma, the Queen Mother Longyou was chased by the stoma, and the situation was so critical that she left the boat on the farmer's shoulder. This is irrefutable evidence, and so is history. It is important to understand the situation between Longyou and Jianyan. In the second year of Jingkang (1 127), the Nomads entered the frontier branch and captured Qin Hui to the north. The Northern Song Dynasty perished, and the Dragon Water was spared. She listened to the political situation and welcomed the later emperor Kang Wang. Someone asked for a crown prince, and the dragon was rejected by you. History of Song Dynasty. " "The Queen's Biography" recorded her words: "Today, the strong enemy is outside, and I am listening to politics with a woman holding a three-year-old child. How will I create the world? " He told the world that he had a letter saying, "Although my family has a T-shirt, it has the same heart as my left." He also said: "The tenth of the Han family is suitable for the revival of Guangwu; Zhong Er is the only son of nine people who have devoted themselves to public service. Taru. Jane Deng Yan said: "The incisive writing and touching reading will help Gaizhongxing." Chen Yinque's "On the Destiny of Rebirth" also said: "Maintain people's hearts and resist foreign aggression", "so it was recited at that time and later generations." Therefore, history called Longyou: "State affairs must be handled by this person." After three years of advice, Jinbing on the West Road pursued Longyou, Jinbing on the East Road crossed the river and entered Jiankang and Lin 'an, and Gaozong was forced to go to sea in Zhili. This is the moment of life and death for the Southern Song regime. Therefore, the author kept his mouth shut, thinking that Longyou was chased here, "so excited" and wrote an inscription on the wall, which is also reasonable. Roche's notes are generally credible, and the six-character inscription is proof of this.

The first sentence of Shangque "Qingjiang River under the fishing drum" is absolutely complete. Because of the tangible characteristics of Chinese characters in form, sound and meaning, especially depression (depression) means wealth and depression, and loneliness has a sense of lofty independence, Yugutai's three-character split face presents a lofty and lonely platform. The poet's mobilization of these three words is obviously full of majestic spirit, so it is necessary to use this abrupt pen. Then write about Qingjiang River under the stage. "Wan 'an County Records" said: "Ganshui River entered the territory of Wan 'an, initially flat and wide, and it was rushing." Writing the torrent of this river, the boundary word was collected from Yugutai, more than a hundred miles away. And stoma, the core of ci realm is also. Then write vertically: "How many pedestrians cry in the middle." Pedestrian tears three words, straight to the pores of the year. The poet was in the place where the Empress Dowager Longyou was chased. He felt the dangers of founding the country, was angry with the rampant nomadic people, was ashamed of the shame of the country, and turned grief into sad sentences. In the poet's heart and soul, this river is full of tears for people who are constantly flowing. The tears of pedestrians are meaningful and need not be repeated. From the Central Plains to Jianghuai and Jiangnan, I don't know how many people shed countless sad tears during the Jian Yan period. From this perspective, I feel that Longyou was chased to stoma, which is the symbol of that crucial autumn. There is no doubt that among the tears of pedestrians in this river, there are also tears of poets. "Looking at Chang 'an in the northwest, there are countless mountains. "Chang' an refers to Bianjing, looking northwest and northeast. The poet remembered that Longyou was chased, but he thought of Shen Zhou depression. He looked up to Bianjing independently, rather than to Chang 'an in Kuizhou. Looking at Chang 'an, the realm is infinitely high. However, it's a pity that there are countless green hills, and the realm has become closed. Although the story of Li Mian's visit to Yugutai was secretly used, she wrote her own loyalty. Zhuo Renyue's Ci Tong says, "Loyalty and anger blow fingers." That's right.

Under the first two sentences, "the green hills can't cover up, after all, the east flows." Write the scenery in front of you. The Ganjiang River was originally a northern stream, and poets expressed their feelings and were free, so that's all. Numerous green hills can cover Chang 'an, but after all, they can't cover the east water. If there is a sustenance here, it is difficult to mention it. If words are not pinned, they can't cover up the second language after all, which is obviously emotional. Zhou Ji's Selected Poems of Song Sijia says, "Water complains about mountains." It can be said that it has eyes. This sentence cannot be separated from mountains and rivers. Try to appreciate three words and push away the feeling of being surrounded by green mountains. After all, the two characters are deeper and more powerful.

Looking back, Qingjiang River is not only a metaphor for pedestrians' tears, but also a metaphor for rivers flowing eastward, which should be regarded as a metaphor for the motherland. Numerous green hills, the poet sighed to cover Chang 'an, and said that he could not cover the East, so it was a metaphor for the enemy. In the poet's subconscious, he should be referring to the capitulators. The word "east flow" is particularly delicious. Shangshu Gong Yu said, "Jianghan Dynasty lived in the sea." In China's cultural tradition, rivers, the sun and the moon are the embodiment of "health", so "a gentleman strives for self-improvement" (Xi Ci). Du Lao's "Two Poems on the Yangtze River" says: "If the people of the dynasty share the responsibility, who will respect the thief?" "Vast, but deep in the east. Many people return to the sea, and all countries serve your heart. " So the river flows eastward as a metaphor for the direction of justice. However, the situation is not optimistic, and the poet's mood is not easy. "The river is worried at night, and the mountains are deeply heard." Ci's situation was once again greatly frustrated. The mountain is deep at the end of the river, and this boundless twilight has a closed meaning, which is no different from the lonely portrayal of the poet's depression, but the dark image of Yugutai at the beginning should be closed. I'm worried. My eyes are embarrassed in the language book "Songs of the South, Nine Songs and Lady Xiang". That's the poet's heartfelt words. Chu Sao's melancholy tone adds to the gloomy atmosphere of artistic conception. What's more, I can hear the voice of a partridge deep in the chaotic mountain: "I can't go too far." "Bird Classic" Zhang Hua's note: "The partridge will fly south, and its ambition is in the south, not in the north." Bai Juyi's "Mountain Partridge" says: "Crying till dawn can only worry about northerners, and southerners are used to it." The partridge calls on the poet not to forget to return to the embrace of the south. Suppress the loyalty of hooking up with his ambitions? Or is it the cry of the elders in the Central Plains on the other side of the mountain? It's really hard to make a real reference. At the end of the two sentences, the court compromised blindly and failed to recover the Central Plains for a long time. The author's heart is full of sadness and he is extremely sad.

Liang Qichao said: "Bodhisattva Man has never been so loud." The word (Selected Poems of Art Museum) expresses the author's deep yearning for the national crisis during the period of making suggestions and the national subjugation since Jingkang, which is the swan song of patriotic spirit in the Southern Song Dynasty. The use of metaphor in ci pays attention to things from the perspective of eyes, reaching a very high level of metaphor tradition. Its landscape is nothing more than clear rivers and countless mountains, but its heart contains all kinds of thoughts about family and past and present sadness, because it is difficult to point them out one by one and finally write them through the scenery. But its main meaning can be understood, and so can its mind. This kind of writing the whole mind in an all-round artistic conception, and the use of metaphor and sustenance is not necessarily an artistic accomplishment, but really one of the manifestations of China's aesthetic ideal. The whole poem is full of spiritual activities and latent qi, which has both the beauty of smart logic and melancholy, and can be compared with Li Taibai's homophonic poems in the history of Ci.