Film terminology post-production?

Composition software: AE, comb combustion, DFsion, Shake, etc. , which are different from each other, are hierarchical and nodal composition software (the first two are hierarchical and the last two are nodal). Three-dimensional software: 3D MAX, MAYA, Softimage, Zbrush, etc.

[Edit this paragraph] Post-production of film and television

Post-production of film and television

Using the material obtained from the actual shooting, stunt shots are made by a series of software such as three-dimensional animation and other technical synthesis means, and then the shots are cut together in a logical order to form a complete film, and sound is made for the film.

Traditional film editing

Traditional film editing is the real editing. After the photographic master is developed, it is necessary to make a set of working proofs for editing. The editor selects the required lenses and films from a large number of samples, cuts the films with scissors, and then sticks them together with tape or glue, and then watches the editing effect on the editing table. This process of cutting and pasting should be repeated until the final effect of party constitution is achieved. Although this process looks primitive, this stitching is indeed nonlinear. The editor doesn't have to work in sequence from beginning to end, because he can cut samples from the middle, insert shots, or cut some pictures at any time without affecting the whole film. But this method is powerless for the production of many skills. Editors cannot make overlapping pictures between two shots, nor can they adjust the colors of the pictures. All these techniques can only be done in the process of development and printing. At the same time, the manual operation efficiency of clipping is also very low.

Traditional TV editor

Traditional TV editing is done on the editing machine. An editor usually consists of a video player and a video recorder. The editor selects a suitable material through the video player, then records it on the tape in the video recorder, and then looks for the next shot. In addition, the advanced editing machine also has powerful stunt functions, which can make various overlapping pictures. You can adjust the color of the picture and make subtitles. However, because the pictures recorded on the video tape are continuous, you can't insert shots between the existing pictures, and you can't delete shots unless you re-record all the pictures after that. Therefore, this kind of editing is called linear editing, which brings many restrictions to editors. It can be seen that although the traditional editing methods have their own characteristics, they all have great limitations, which greatly reduces the creativity of editors and wastes valuable time in the complicated operation process. Computer-based digital nonlinear editing technology has greatly developed editing means. This technology records materials into a computer and uses the computer to edit them. It adopts the nonlinear mode of film editing, but it uses simple mouse and keyboard operation instead of manual operation, and the editing results can be played back immediately, so the efficiency is greatly improved. At the same time, it can not only provide all the special effects of various editors, but also provide complex special effects that editors can't do through the expansion of software and hardware. Digital nonlinear editing not only combines the advantages of traditional film editing, but also develops further, which is a great progress in film editing technology. Since 1980s, digital nonlinear editing has gradually replaced the traditional methods in foreign film production and become the standard method of film editing. In China, the use of digital nonlinear editing for film editing is still a matter of recent years, but it has developed very rapidly. At present, most directors have realized its advantages. For digital nonlinear editing, we will discuss it in detail in this chapter. With the rapid development of film and television production technology, post-production shoulders a very important responsibility: the production of stunt shots. Stunt shots are shots that cannot be obtained by direct shooting. Early film and television stunts were mostly accomplished by traditional means such as model making, trick photography and optical synthesis. , mainly in the shooting stage and the process of printing. The use of computers provides more and better means for special effects production. Many special effects that had to be done by models and photographers can be made by computers, so more special effects become post-production work.

[Edit this paragraph] TV picture editing

TV picture editing is the later work of TV film creation, which is a process of selecting shots according to the requirements of the program, and then finding the best editing points for combination arrangement. The purpose is to convey the creator's intention most thoroughly.

Unlike movies and TV series, which have detailed split-shot scripts, TV series clips featuring documentaries are very creative because they are faced with a mess of impromptu shots. The modification and expression of creative intention is completed step by step according to the editing process, and only good editing can give life to TV movies. Before all kinds of shots are skillfully combined to express meaning or narrative, they are just many fragmentary fragments. A lens with beautiful composition, large amount of information and strong expressive force can only be like an uncut jade in the paragraph and before shooting, and it is difficult to show its brilliance without careful selection and meaningful editing. Only after cutting, polishing, shaping, inlaying and other processes can they show their natural beauty and be fully appreciated. These processes of cutting, grinding and washing, modeling and inlaying are also the rectification process of the previous shots in the TV series editing process, that is, selection, cutting, combination and arrangement. In the end, it gives people not only visual and psychological fluency, but also an accumulated effect. This accumulation is due to the clever combination of ideas during editing, which makes the combination effect of shots often greater than that of multiple scenes and paragraphs added together. In this sense, editing is not just re-creation, but a kind of creation. It is the ingenious combination of artistry and skill that makes the lens complete its function in combination and arrangement and convey rich and diverse meanings.

Editing in TV creation is only its later stage. Before that, there were the following links: topic selection, interview, writing outline, shooting and so on. Editing is the continuation and final completion of these links. Although the editor is the main creator in TV film creation, people think that the quality of the editor directly affects the quality of the program or even the success or failure, but if you leave other creative members, such as directors, cameras, lighting, recording and operators, without their cooperation, the editor will accomplish nothing.

The work of each link before editing is mainly to obtain meaningful original image material and original sound material related to the program. Including determining the topic, selecting the appropriate interviewees and interviewees, determining the appropriate program format, writing a shooting outline, selecting and shooting scenes that meet the requirements of program content and form, so as to obtain images and sound materials that meet the expected effects of the program for post-editing, and making some rough notes on the shooting scenes. In order to make these fragmentary original audio-visual materials finally form a complete program form that can achieve the original envisaged effect, the later editing process is also very complicated, because choosing useful combinations and meaningful paragraphs, and completing the narrative ideographic purpose according to the idea, and arranging with a sense of rhythm, each hand needs to be repeatedly thought and carefully considered. In addition to considering the picture effect, attention should be paid to the sound effect during the editing process. Therefore, editing itself is a systematic project.

[Edit this paragraph] Movie clip

Film editing is a structural problem, which must be based on the materials that editors have to meet and deal with. If you are not familiar with those materials, how can you organize them with them? So what kind of material will editors encounter? Editing is the final stage of a film work, and all the materials used in the production process have to go through editing here. If the gatekeeper can't handle it well, it will be in trouble.

Moreover, editing is an independent science. For example, in old Hollywood, directors were not allowed to enter the editing room. Editing has its own professional problems to study, and the director has never worked hard in this major. In our country, it is not good for directors to edit movies for some reason. Generally, mainland directors don't know how to edit it. You can compare it with Jackie Chan's movies. They even found a breakthrough point when shooting. Some directors said there was no need for editing, and there was no need to set up an editing department in Beijing Film Academy. Some directors don't understand editing. Take a small problem as an example. They lost a lot of editing points or didn't see them at all. When they say that they know how to edit, they mean to string stories together smoothly, and what they cut has no audio-visual effect. Editing is another science.

Film is the product of psychology. You can watch movies by hand without that machine. For example, you can hold up a series of photos of continuous movement with your hands, as well as visual movement. The machine only provides us with greater convenience, and the released moving images move more smoothly. But also can be accurately edited and so on. So we should focus on psychology. Many psychological phenomena in movies have not been scientifically explained and are still in the empirical stage. From the film point of view, psychology is promising. Because psychology is still in the empirical stage, experiments are very necessary. Do more experiments. The audio-visual language is far from perfect. If you are experimental, you can create something new in any of your creations. Don't stand still, don't stick to the rules.