Why is it the first of the four famous buildings in Chengdu in ancient times and also listed as a national famous building?

At the intersection of Baihuatan Park and Qintai Road in Chengdu, there is a carved pavilion built near the water. It is four stories high, has octagonal cornices, and a red wall and golden pavilion. Many people have passed by here. , on the nights of many major holidays, all the lights inside and outside the pavilion are turned on. Looking from the river, it is magnificent and magnificent. It is a famous landmark building in the history of Chengdu: Sanhua Tower. The most famous record of Sanhua Tower comes from Li Bai's "Deng Jincheng Sanhua Tower". Rizhao Jinchengtou, Chaoguang Sanhua Tower. The gold window clips the embroidered door, and the beads and foil are hung with silver hooks. Flying in the green clouds, my eyes are far away from my worries. The dusk rain goes to the Three Gorges, and the spring river flows around the two rivers. Today, there is still this poem engraved on a stone in the grass beside the Sanhua Building. Sanhua Building is not only a famous building that is famous all over the world. Together with Zhang Yi Building, Dexian Building and Xi Building, it is collectively known as the "Four Famous Buildings in Chengdu" and ranks first among the four buildings. It is also among the famous buildings in the country. , also has a place. However, when was such a famous Sanhua Tower built? To understand the origin of Sanhua Tower, we have to start with the Maha Chi (mó hē chí). At the junction of Gen Street and Yangshi Street in Chengdu today, a piece of water was filled in silently and became a martial arts arena. People at the time did not realize that what they filled was the last trace of a lake in Chengdu. , called Mahachi. In the history of more than 1,300 years, Mahachi welcomed Du Fu away from Li Bai, was expanded by Meng Chang, the later Shu king, and was filled up by the Ming Shu king to build the royal palace. Hechi existed for nearly half of the time. There is so much history of Chengdu buried under this lake. In 585 AD, Emperor Yang Jian of the Sui Dynasty sent his beloved son Yang Xiu to conquer Shu. Zhang Yi stayed behind when Yang Xiu rebuilt the Qin Dynasty in Chengdu. ""Zicheng"". The large pit left by the soil was slowly filled with rainwater and groundwater. According to "Chengdu Chronicles" written by Lu Qiu of the Tang Dynasty, a monk from the Western Regions saw this piece of water and said a Sanskrit sentence The phrase "Maha Palace Vira". Maha means big palace, and Vira means dragon. This lake is vast and vast, like a dragon lurking in it, so it has been called Maha Pond since then. Maha at this time The pool has a water surface of about 500 acres and can only store natural rainwater. In the Tang Dynasty, Chengdu's urban water conservancy was fully developed. , and connected with the Maha Pond. More than sixty years later, the Xichuan Jiedushi dug the Jinshui River and diverted the river water from the west of the city into the city. From then on, the Maha Pond was no longer a static pool of stagnant water, and its source continued to come from Dujiangyan. The live water from the water system was injected into the Maha Pond, and then merged into the Youzi River along the Jieyu River - today's Fu River. In Du Fu's time, the Maha Pond was already a tourist attraction for people boating on it. When the thatched cottage in Huanhua Creek reaches the Maha Pond, the scenery changes completely. He wrote in the poem "Going Boating on the Maha Pond with Yan Zhenggong in Late Autumn to Get the Stream Character": "" The wind is sobering up the boat, and the fog is rising from the embankment. ...Don't be alarmed by the egrets, they stay with you in the green stream. "After Meng Chang of the Later Shu Dynasty succeeded to the throne, he ordered hibiscus trees to be planted all over the city. Every September, the flowers bloomed, and the city was as red as a brocade. Chengdu was nicknamed Rongcheng, which is where it got its name. Meng Chang expanded the Maha Pond again, covering the lake Today's exhibition hall, sports center and *** Street area has been expanded from 500 acres to 1,000 acres. Schematic diagram of the location of the Maha Pond in the late Tang Dynasty (original picture taken from "Chengdu City Archaeological Research Institute"). Photo provided: At this time, many buildings for the royal family to relax and have fun, and to climb up to see the distance were gradually started to be built, so there was the "Sanhua Tower, built on the Maha Pond by King Xiu of Shu", standing on the Maha Pond. The Sanhua Tower is obviously located on the Mahachi. The "Chengdu Prefectural Chronicle" and "Chengdu County Chronicle" of the Ming and Qing Dynasties both said that the Sanhua Tower was in the royal city of the Ming Dynasty, and these were all in the imperial city. The Sanhua Tower is obviously in the center of Chengdu. Its name originates from the "Tiannu Sanhua". The one who scatters flowers is also a goddess. According to the Buddhist "Vimalakirti Sutra". "Principles of Living Beings" records: "There was a woman in Vimalakia's room who scattered the bodies of Bodhisattvas with heavenly flowers, and they all fell down. The greatest disciple could not fall down. "The goddess said: "The habits are not pure, and the body and ears are covered with flowers. "This is an allusion to test the Buddhist disciples by using the goddess to scatter flowers. It is a metaphor for the tall and beautiful building, which can be said to be the unity of heaven and man, which is wonderful. The Sanhua Building integrated with Baihuatan Park served as the royal garden of the former Shu and Later Shu dynasties. , the Maha Pond has ushered in its heyday. The spring water is blue in the sky, and the autumn water is as clear as a mirror; the lotus leaves are swaying in the summer, and the drizzle is falling in the winter. Meng Chang and the charming Lady Hua Rui. Li Bai was just twenty-one years old when he wrote the famous poem "Deng Jincheng Sanhua Tower" on the Mahachi. At the top of Guancheng, the morning glow makes the Sanhua Building dazzling. The window lattice on the upper floor shines with golden light, and the paintings on the door are as beautiful as brocade. The curtains made of pearls are hung on silver curtain hooks, and the stairs are like flying clouds. Rising among the green trees. Standing at the top of the building, looking around, all the sadness and anger were swept away. The dim dusk rain drifted towards the Three Gorges, and the spring water of the river surrounded Shuangliu City. Today I came to climb the building. Looking at it is like visiting the ninth heaven. More than thirty years later, Li Bai, who was over fifty years old, still did not forget to write a poem about Sanhua Tower in "Song of the Emperor's Western Tour of Nanjing": Northland. Although Shanglin Garden is praised, Nanjing still has Sanhua Tower.

Shanglin Garden is one of the most famous gardens in ancient times. It can be compared with Shanglin Garden, which shows the beauty of Sanhua Tower and Li Bai's nostalgia for it. After Meng Chang, the Mahachi lost its status as a royal pool, but it was still a recreational place for Chengdu people. However, at the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Mongolian soldiers invaded Chengdu three times, causing severe damage to the city's water system, and the Mahachi could not escape its fate. In 1385, Zhu Chun, King of Shu in the Ming Dynasty, filled up most of the Maha Pond and built the Shu Palace on the site of the Later Shu Palace. In 1685, the Chengdu Prefecture of the Qing Dynasty built a tribute courtyard on the ruins of the Shu Palace. When countless talented people in Shu wrote vigorously in pursuit of fame, they never thought that the land under their feet was once a lake with rippling blue waves. At this time, only part of the water surface of the Maha Pond was still in the northwest corner, but things and people had long since changed, and there was no return to the former scenery. By 1914, the last stretch of Mahachi Lake was finally filled in. Naturally, the Sanhua Building disappeared like this. It is said that it was destroyed by the war in the late Ming Dynasty. Even though the first generation of Sanhua Building was followed by the second generation of Sanhua Building, there is still no trace. In the 1990s, the Chengdu Huanhuaxi Scenic Spot Office applied to rebuild the Sanhua Building. This is the "third generation" Sanhua Building. It was built on the edge of Baihuatan Park. It has four floors, a height of 16.3 meters, and a construction area of ??300 square meters. Square meters. Now when you walk at the end of Qintai Road, you can see this Sanhua Building built by the water. However, there is a lock on the door, so tourists cannot enter. They can only see the stairs through the window. There is a trace. The owner of the canteen next door said that the Sanhua Building has been open, but it has not been reopened for a long time. It is said that there are some old things about the new Sanhua Building. Just a few years ago, although the Sanhua Building was closed. There is an external padlock, but an open-air tea shop owner can quietly unlock it, buy a cup of tea, and go upstairs to drink tea and watch the scenery. Later, when news reports came out, it was discovered that the lease contract had been signed, but it had expired long ago. This kind of Violations were also banned. The restored style of Sanhua Tower is no longer the same as before, and the doors are locked. The world cannot climb up to watch the red sun like Li Bai. We can only find out the charm of Sanhua Tower from his poems. shadow.

Text｜Feng Yuezi, Ma Ke Pictures｜Yifei, Visual China Editor｜Pixi Producer丨Wang Hong