Photographic magma

There are many volcanic geological wonders and scenic spots in the world. However, the most convenient transportation is Masaya. Because this is an asphalt road, you can drive directly to the edge of the crater at the top of the mountain. The parking lot is only tens of meters away from the crater cliff, and you can see the lava lake effortlessly. It is a world-famous tourist attraction to watch active volcanoes.

Masaya province, a province of Nicaragua in Central America; Masaya, capital of Masaya province; Masaya volcano is a large active volcano here. Masaya volcano rises from the ground, and a huge cone-shaped peak arches the whole plain because of this volcano, which has become "Masaya hawaii volcanoes national park National Park in Masaya". The national park here is the earliest and largest national park in Nicaragua, only more than 20 kilometers away from Managua, the capital of Nicaragua.

Nicaragua has a large number of volcanoes, and each volcano has its own characteristics. However, this Masaya volcano has convenient transportation and is almost a symbolic tourist attraction in Nicaragua, so it has the largest number of tourists and the highest popularity. The last large-scale eruption of Saiyaqun volcano was in June of 20 15, and it is still in an active period. Its main features are active lava lakes and constantly spewing gas and steam. On the north and east slopes of the volcano, you can see a lot of lava from the volcano flowing through the black solidified hillside.

Such an active volcano has been developed into a scenic spot, and a special tourist road has been built to reach the top of the mountain. Although this road was later covered and damaged by lava erupting again, it was rebuilt and restored soon. At present, you can drive directly to the volcanic lava lake, and there are traces of volcanic lava flowing on both sides of the road. The road is very new, which means that the restoration was not completed for a long time.

Generally speaking, the tourist attractions of active crater need people to walk a long climbing road to reach. Conical volcano has only endless uphill roads, and the slope at the top of the mountain is extremely steep and more dangerous. When going down a volcano, people usually take a sliding blanket or skateboard. People can use gravity to slide volcanic ash down the mountain from the gentle slope at the top of the volcano. At present, the only active crater that can drive directly to the top of the mountain without hiking is Masaya.

Active volcanoes erupt regularly and have earthquakes. It is common to feel earthquakes several times a day. Even with professional seismic instruments, thousands of earthquakes of different levels can be detected in one month. Volcanic ash and magma, as well as flying stones, can damage nearby roads, including hiking roads and roads near volcanoes. It will be destroyed after completion, destroyed after reconstruction, and so on.

Active volcano attractions are divided into day and night, and there is no peak season or low season all year round. When you go to the crater during the day, you can only see huge smoke, but it is difficult to see red magma, not all flames, so the brightness is very low, and the magma is covered with black cooling material. Only during the extremely active period, the magma heats up sharply and continuously emerges lava (basically not far from the volcanic eruption, the scenic spot will start to close), so it is difficult to see red volcanic lava during the day.

At night, the visual impact of smoke becomes smaller, and the blood-red lava lake can be seen with the naked eye. Although the brightness of the lava lake is not high, the magical blood-red light in the dark can penetrate all the smoke, and it is the best time to watch the volcano when it is dark. For example, Lanjo is the best place to see volcanoes in the early morning, while Central America is the best place to see volcanoes in the evening.

Ordinary tourists begin to visit the volcano around 4 or 5 pm, which is one of the night scenes in Nicaragua. Tickets for locals are $5, and tickets for foreigners are 10. Because it is in go on road trip, you can drive to the crater if you buy a ticket. There are no forks in the road, no road signs and you won't get lost. As long as you climb to the top of the mountain, you can drive to the top in a few minutes.

On the way up the mountain, the roadside is full of places where lava flows, the landform where magma folds. On the black lava cooling substance, new green vegetation grows rapidly, and volcanic ash and lava ash are rich in various minerals. After cooling and rain irrigation, the plants on it grow quite luxuriantly.

You can smell the strong smell of sulfur dioxide along the way, and you can see the steam from the crater forming clouds in the sky, while the thin white smoke of sulfide (sometimes mixed with some black smoke) floats down the hillside. It is necessary to wear a mask here. Please wear a gas mask if you can. Sulfide is still very harmful to human respiratory system and lungs. The place where sulfide gas is concentrated will also have a significant impact on the imaging of photographic equipment. The photos taken will have serious color cast, poor image quality and more noise. This kind of influence on the camera may take several days to gradually disappear naturally.

It can be found on the satellite map that although the land around the volcano is very fertile, the main cities, towns and farmland are in the east and northeast of the volcano, which should be related to the wind direction and the threat of lava flow.

Masaya is the capital of the largest human settlement in the area, separated from Masaya volcano by a Masaya Lake. Although more than half of Lake Masaya has been filled with volcanic lava, it is still the best natural barrier against volcanic lava.

Finally, I came to the crater parking lot. The parking lot is very big. The cement wall is dozens of meters away. Behind the wall is a steep mountain wall, and below is a crater. There is thin white or dark black smoke everywhere, which has a pungent smell and makes people have a runny nose and cough. Because the gas emitted by the volcano is sometimes strong and sometimes weak, the temperature and wind force near the crater fluctuate greatly.

Near the parking lot, there are many trails that can be visited on foot around volcanic bumps or craters, but some trails are warned that they cannot pass. Obviously, after the completion of these trails, some of them have been destroyed by volcanic movement, and the stones are sulfur yellow and damaged by corrosion. There are few vegetation in the crater, and the whole crater is black.

Volcanic rocks with thick pores can be seen on the surrounding hilltops. Some volcanic rocks are the size of cars. These stones were ejected when the volcano erupted. In the leeward area nearby, there are many buildings and observation stations specializing in volcanoes. Because of the good traffic conditions, this volcano is an important research point for studying the volcanic arc in Central America (the distribution of active volcanoes in Central America presents a roughly arc-shaped distribution zone, which is related to the friction movement between the American plate and the Antarctic plate).

Masaya hawaii volcanoes national park is actually a volcanic complex, with an area of 6.5x11.5km. It has different volcanic geological forms, such as caldera and shield volcano, including the craters of Ningdili, San Pedro, San Juan and San Diego. The geology of the crater wall is quite unstable, and it is very likely to cause local collapse during an earthquake. The scenic spot is always guarded by staff to prevent tourists from crossing the warning line.

The lava lake that can be seen at the top of the mountain is the crater named San Diego, vulcan, and there are more than three craters overlapping nearby. The highest peak of the volcano is on the other side. The highest peak here is 59 1 m above sea level, overlooking the whole surrounding plain.

After nightfall, the red lava lake became clear. It can be seen that there is a cover formed by lava cooling at the lower part of the crater, and the cover is missing a hole (only a small part of the lava lake is covered, and most of the lava is covered). You can see the red lava below from the gap. The lava is moving and rolling. The color of the red lava you see is changing.

According to the local temperature measurement data, the surface temperature of lava lake changes around 800 degrees Celsius, usually not more than 900 degrees Celsius. Generally speaking, the lava temperature is between 700~ 1200℃, the hottest lava should be at the bottom of the volcano, and the lava temperature on the upper surface should be the lowest. By measuring the temperature of volcanic lava lake, we can judge the risk of volcanic activity and eruption, and the current temperature is safe. I think so, too. I watched a movie for more than 9 hours and saw a story about sending the Lord of the Rings into a lava lake to melt. The gold ring was thrown on the surface of the lava lake, and the temperature was too low. The melting point of gold is above 65,438+0,000 degrees. It took a long time to sink the ring into the depths of the volcano before it was melted. The plot in the movie seems to be quite in line with scientific knowledge.

This kind of volcanic geological wonder is really interesting, and you can learn a lot about the volcanic geology of the earth. Tickets and scenery are very cost-effective. This is a magical national park. You must punch in when you travel to Nicaragua in Central America.