Excuse me, the price of second-hand houses in Hohhot!

Standing on the threshold of the new era, this paper, from the strategic height of fully analyzing the importance and position of picture development in the picture reading era, further examines the problems existing in the overall quality of photojournalists in China-the lack of individuality in photojournalism reports; The news photography report is not substantial and the report is not very in-depth; The timeliness of news photography reports is not strong; Photographers lack the awareness of high-quality products and blockbusters. Finally, it is concluded that the quality of photojournalists in China needs to be further improved. Find out problems, aim at solving problems, put forward constructive suggestions and guide practice. In the process of extensive discussion and verification, this paper clearly and vividly puts forward the central argument that photographers should pay more attention to internal fullness while obtaining external fullness. In view of this central argument, this paper takes materialist dialectics as the guiding ideology, takes the photojournalist as the center, and discusses the five psychological characteristics of the audience from the perspective of the ontology (audience) of newspaper (photojournalist) service: curiosity, benefit, knowledge, proximity and comparison. Therefore, it goes further into the argument of the central argument. During the discussion, this paper puts forward nine humble opinions: photographers should first improve their political quality; Photographers should always establish a sense of learning; Photojournalists should be good at summarizing and studying the skills in interviews; Photographers should strive to cultivate their own character of doing great things; Photojournalists should make full use of the advantages of network resources and strengthen exchanges and learning; Photojournalists should strengthen the study of legal knowledge; Photographers should be proficient in modern digital network technology; Photojournalists should improve their artistic quality; Photographers should work and innovate on the shoulders of giants. In order to write this article well, the author has worked hard for only one purpose-I hope my friends can gain something after reading it.

Keywords: the cultivation of journalists' news quality in the era of reading pictures

Introduction:

I want to pay tribute to the people engaged in photography activities in major news media! Because of your tireless efforts, it is not easy for news photography to develop to the present, and now how to March into the future is also constantly explored by the world. The team of photojournalists started late and the team has always been different. Many of them are native. In this era, the development of this team is even more difficult. With the growth of age, there is a risk of being eliminated. We know that 2 1 century has entered the image era, which is also called the image reading era. In this era, people are not only satisfied with those boring words, but readers are much more interested in reading pictures than words. As E.H. Gombrii, a British modern art historian, said, "Our era is a visual era, and we are attacked by pictures from morning till night. The evocative ability of images is sometimes better than language. " Today, news photography shows a good development momentum of paying equal attention to news, pictures and texts. However, we should be soberly aware that even today, our newspapers and photographers are threatened to varying degrees. This threat comes from modern online media, which constantly sprint newspapers with its fast, convenient and intuitive image. But no one can replace others, and everyone survives and grows in competition. The vigorous development of the internet will inevitably lead to the hot sale of pictures and the increase of manuscript remuneration, thus further promoting the emergence of many freelance writers, which has been fully demonstrated in news photographers. Of course, there will be fierce competition within the newspaper. For example, the amphibious reporter now appears, which can be said to be a great challenge for photographers. 2 1 century, what new situations and changes will news photography encounter? As a photojournalist, you need to think first and prepare first, because opportunities always love those prepared minds. Looking back at history, we know that the development of news photography has two States: one is from quantitative change to qualitative change, and the other is from accumulation to rapid change. The leap of science and technology has brought about the progress of photographic equipment and technology. Glass negatives were replaced by film, double-lens reflection was replaced by single-lens reflection, and magnesium lamps were replaced by electronic flashlights ... until the emergence of fool cameras and digital cameras. Advanced equipment enables photographers to make continuous progress in technology. The change of people's ideas has brought innovation and prosperity to news photography. Especially in today's increasingly fierce competition in the newspaper industry, major media have invested heavily in equipping photographers with advanced weapons and equipment. With the advent of the era of picture reading, the importance of photographers and pictures has been further affirmed, and their status has increased and stabilized year by year. With the improvement of people's living standards, people's expectations for pictures are gradually increasing. Therefore, it is the mainstream trend for photographers to take high-quality news pictures. Very realistic, high-quality pictures need high-quality photographers to be competent. Therefore, paying attention to inner fullness is the requirement of the times for photographers. It is an urgent topic for us photographers to establish ourselves in the turbulent times, which is related to the development of China newspaper industry and the living atmosphere of photographers. Therefore, this is a very serious topic. It is gratifying that many people are constantly thinking and exploring. In this turbulent wave, I am a drop of water, but I must also understand that to export a drop of water, we must first save a bucket of water. Here, I put forward my own humble opinion on the subject of this era.

First, to solve the problem well, we must first consciously admit the problem, face it squarely and not evade it. As far as I know, there are several major problems in news photography in China, mainly in newspapers:

(A) the lack of personalized news photography reports.

The business philosophy of many newspapers is still too traditional. Under such a system, photographers cannot let go of their hands and feet when reporting news. Therefore, there are many things that journalists are afraid to report, and even if some reports are made, they will be banned. This has greatly weakened the enthusiasm and creativity of photojournalists. On this issue, I think we should learn more from the advanced ideas of some foreign newspapers. Encourage photographers to dig up some news facts that have never been reported before at all levels of social life. Focus on the new things that photographers repeatedly dig up and make a series of photo reports. Don't waste every photo easily, but also establish and improve the incentive mechanism of personalized news photos. In this way, I believe that photographers will be exhausted and enjoy it. In this way, I think editors can make many vivid pictures with different styles and dedicate them to readers. I think this will better satisfy people's desire to read pictures in the picture age, and the competition will naturally go up. Photographers' news photos will have vitality, the overall quality will be improved, and they can show their talents in this excellent environment in the future.

(2) The news photography report is not substantial, and the report is not very thorough. News photography can record the whole event continuously than TV cameras. But news photography has its unique instant image charm. Photographers report news by capturing the most representative image moments in news events. It is not easy to capture several fascinating moments of news events. This largely depends on the skills of photojournalists. There are many reasons for the lack of materiality in news photography reports, and the following aspects are not listed one by one: (1) Photographers are not sensitive to news. Many sudden news events, either the photographers did not arrive at the scene in time, or they arrived at the scene and failed to capture the typical moments well. (2) Can't go deep into the event being visited. Many photographers have no preparation before the interview, but just follow up with questions. No wonder the interview was frustrating. If we collect a lot of information about the interviewee before the interview and get a general understanding of the interviewee's preferences, our photojournalist will be able to interview smoothly, and the news will be deeper and deeper, and the closer it is to the essence of news events, that is, the essential characteristics. Only by in-depth coverage of the incident, so that the report is complete, true and detailed, such a report can be touching, the picture is more powerful, and the exclusive report can gain a foothold. In this way, the benefits of newspapers come.

(3) The timeliness of news photography reports is not strong. Speaking of this old question, I think many people will have something to say. Many of them will complain that newspapers are not equipped with advanced communication tools. This is indeed a realistic problem that needs to be solved urgently. In addition, I think the photographer's own efforts are also a reason. The other is that there is no rapid response mechanism within the newspaper. This problem is worth thinking about by newspaper owners. Personally, I think this internal mechanism for dealing with fast news events should be implemented as soon as possible. Because it's so important, just like modern warfare can't be without electronic command system. Another reason is that the relationship between photographers and editors of newspapers is not harmonious enough. This greatly weakens the timeliness of newspaper publishing and the efficiency of picture utilization.

(d) Photojournalists lack knowledge of high-quality products and blockbusters. In the era of reading pictures, photographers need to think hard and see how to present fine products and large-scale meals for critical readers. I think we can think from these aspects: (1) We should set the goal of pursuing high-quality products and blockbusters. The pursuit of high-quality and blockbuster goals here does not mean that we photographers have such a misunderstanding in our minds every day-that is, we don't take low-quality and blockbuster news photos. In fact, in real work, as a photojournalist, it is unrealistic not to take pictures. What this means here is that we photographers can keep this idea firmly in their minds, and don't give up easily when they have the opportunity to shoot better works. (2) What kind of movies are masterpieces and blockbusters? Make the concept clear. The masterpieces and blockbusters here are excellent news photography works with strong impact by using visual language and reflecting the essential characteristics of the times through instant news images. (3) I can't wait to shoot high-quality products and blockbusters. Obviously, lazy people can't be photojournalists. If you want to shoot high-quality products and blockbusters, you have to plunge into social life, go deep into life and concentrate on thinking, so as to shoot "blockbusters".

The quality of photographers needs to be further improved. In fact, the above-mentioned problems in the news photography reports of these newspapers are closely related to the team building of photojournalists. Because photographers are the main body of news photography reports, if the quality of photographers is solved, other problems will be solved. Obviously, this is a core issue. This is also the theme of this article. Newspapers should actively establish talent training institutions, pay attention to the comprehensive quality of talents, and build a strategic platform for high-quality talents.

Second, find out the problem, aiming at solving the problem and guiding practice. In the process of sorting out several common problems in the reality of news photography in China, the central topic to be discussed in this paper is clearly put forward-under the background of the era of picture reading, Chinese photojournalists are facing great opportunities for development, but also various challenges. In order to better grasp the opportunity and meet the challenge with confidence, I stand on the threshold of the times and put forward my own humble opinion-photographers should pay more attention to internal fullness while gaining external fullness. This is a very realistic and harsh idea, because what I mean here is the comprehensive quality training of photographers in an ideal state. This undoubtedly requires a photographer's lifelong practice. But what I want to say is that the critical eyes of readers in the picture age need us photographers to work like this. Next, I want to elaborate my ideas from these aspects:

(1) Photographers should come from the masses and return to them. I don't know if you've ever wondered who we photojournalists are working for. I want to mention this point. There must be many people who think they are busy for the country, the party and the people. In fact, it is right to think so from the overall situation. But can we be more specific? At this time, we will soon think, oh, of course, we are busy for survival. By the way, it is so realistic. In real life, photographers always have to deal with people. Because ordinary people are the source of our news photography reports. Speaking of which, I believe everyone can understand this truth. This is one, and there is another. I don't know if you have thought about it. Take the newspaper as an example. Who are its customers? Don't think so much, in a very simple sentence, it is to serve the people. So the first thing to do is to find the right service object, just like in a shopping mall, that is, to find the right application object of the goods. Therefore, the guiding principle of our photojournalists is to come from the masses and return to them, so that our news photography can keep its vitality forever.

(2) Seriously study the psychology of the audience. The audience is the target of our newspaper. Without an audience, our journalism will lose its meaning. As mentioned above, the audience is the source of news work, and the problem of the audience should be studied first. If we photographers want to go deep into the audience, we must first understand the audience's preferences and take the pulse for the prospective audience before we can continue to report more good news. By carefully collecting information, I have been able to have a deeper understanding of this scientific knowledge. We know that the audience has five psychological characteristics: curiosity, benefit, knowledge, proximity and comparison.

A the curiosity of the audience is a sharp weapon for us to seize the readers. The audience's curiosity refers to the orientation and inquiry reflex of organisms when they encounter new stimuli or environments. To put it bluntly, the curiosity of the audience is a psychological direction that people naturally pay attention to and are interested in. Knowing this, I think we photographers should also pay attention to it in practice. In fact, going back to news photography, we all have this feature in the events reported by news photography. But let's not be careless. I don't know if you have noticed. This curiosity of the audience is not temporary. It is related to the freshness of things and the number of times new things appear. Let's go back to news photography, such as the Iraq war a few years ago. If you are a war correspondent sent by Xinhua News Agency, it goes without saying that when you send back the first picture of the US troops entering the Iraqi border, this picture is very fresh and can satisfy the curiosity of the audience. With the progress of the war, the war photos you published in the newspaper again and again are not less fresh, because more and more times can still satisfy the freshness of the audience. For another simple example, if you take a news photo of a thousand-year-old tree in Zhang Cun, the public will naturally be interested in your photo report. When you dig deeper into the report, you will find that the follow-up photo report of such a thousand-year-old tree has grown to other parts of the village, and the audience will still pay urgent attention. So we should pay more attention to these psychological knowledge at ordinary times, which will come in handy in the future.

Audience B's beneficial psychology has given us a wide range of shooting subjects. People living in this world are collecting and disseminating information all the time. People pay great attention to information closely related to their own interests. Sometimes for safety, sometimes for more benefits. These all reflect the audience's benefit psychology. So we photographers need to know these needs of people, and then use the lens to provide people with all kinds of valuable information. Knowing this, don't complain that there is nothing to shoot. For example, there was a sudden microwave earthquake this morning. Then you should make the news an exclusive as soon as possible. Don't hesitate, breaking news like this must be very popular. Because from the audience's benefit psychology, this is a must-see news.

The curiosity of C audience is the magic weapon for our photojournalists and even newspapers to compete. Now people have higher requirements for newspapers. When people read newspapers, they should not only satisfy their thirst for news, but also satisfy their thirst for knowledge. The so-called thirst for knowledge means that readers want to learn new knowledge from newspapers to enrich and improve themselves. News itself can satisfy people's thirst for news, and further satisfying people's thirst for knowledge puts forward higher requirements for journalists and newspapers. Therefore, we journalists, whether writers or photographers, should always pay attention to their studies. Because we always learn new knowledge, we can keep up with readers' tastes and keep up with the times. On the other hand, if a reporter has no learning spirit, he will fall behind or even be eliminated. The same is true of newspaper competition. I have read such an article before. The article said that a journalism student of Fudan University wrote a report about "visiting a mechanized chicken farm" when she was an intern in Changsha Daily. After the article was published, it attracted the attention and favor of large professional chicken farmers and many amateur readers. His success lies in reporting new topics and new things in breeding and the long history of China chicken coops in the later period, which can satisfy readers' thirst for knowledge.

D the audience's proximity psychology is the filter chosen by our photojournalists. This approach psychology refers to a psychological orientation that people in a certain geographical range are more concerned about the information closest to them. It is mainly manifested in the spatial distance between the news place and readers and the closeness between news events and readers' interests. Readers are more concerned and interested in news close to their psychological and spatial distance. On the contrary, the reader's interest is weak. Therefore, every news has a certain rule of paying attention to the crowd. Therefore, before shooting news reports, we photographers should take this into full consideration when choosing materials. After getting to know the readers, what should you pay attention to? For example, it is very important to consider the language and length in advance, not to mislead readers or make other mistakes, and to make the report targeted.

The comparative psychology of network audience is the frontier of our newspaper characteristics. Today, when we enter the era of reading pictures, the eyes of the world reading newspapers are becoming more and more critical. In my opinion, this is a good thing, because it is constantly pursuing and making progress. Whether our newspaper can hold this characteristic position is related to our life and death. If newspapers want to fight this positional war well, they can't do it without reform. In the long reform, it is best to take the comparative psychology of the audience as the touchstone. Reform must first recognize its own advantages and disadvantages. Once a newspaper becomes a unique brand, it is not afraid of being criticized by the audience. As long as we can stand the test of the masses, we will have reassurance, so that we can work more solidly and boldly reform and innovate. In this way, the development prospect of newspapers will be bright. Faced with this situation, what should we photographers do? In order to analyze things clearly, I think we must first face the fact that photographers have been threatened by photographers today. In this situation, we photojournalists should fully arm ourselves, improve our self-level and fully show our professional standards to readers. Let readers deeply realize that specialty is specialty and amateur is amateur. Only in this way can we photographers firmly maintain our position and not be eliminated by the times.

(3) Photojournalists should fully arm themselves in their work practice, enhance their strength and improve their competitiveness. As the saying goes, "Know yourself and know yourself, and you will win every battle." In front of us, we have carefully studied our "customers" and understood their personalities and preferences, so that our work can be targeted, our news photography "products" can be marketable, we can generate benefits, and with benefits, we can better stand on our feet. There have been many incisive and powerful expositions on improving the comprehensive quality of journalists. I don't want to waste my breath here. My idea is mainly to supplement the argument with some details:

First, photographers should first improve their political quality. As one of the public opinion tools under the specific national conditions in China, a photojournalist, whether you are a photojournalist of a party newspaper or an evening newspaper or a photojournalist of other newspapers, should first serve politics, learn the Party's principles and policies, maintain a high degree of consistency with the CPC Central Committee, and report all major events and happy events in a timely manner. If we don't pay attention to this aspect in realistic news photography, some of our photographers may make mistakes. Here, I think it is necessary to remind our photographers to strengthen their study in this field at ordinary times. Because this is a very serious issue of political principle, it may probably lead to self-destruction consequences.

Second, photographers should always establish a sense of learning. It is an acknowledged fact that journalists are saints. But I want to say that a news photographer should be a saint. What is a saint? In fact, to put it bluntly, we should know a little about all aspects of knowledge, such as international affairs, political current affairs, science and technology, military affairs, culture, education, sports, industrial and agricultural production, daily life and so on, which are closely related to people's work and life. So, why do you need to know and learn so much knowledge? Is it helpful for photography? The answer is, of course, yes. The higher your knowledge, the more knowledge you accumulate. When you shoot an interview on the spot, you won't worry. You can seize the opportunity calmly, choose the right news presentation angle, and press the shutter at the right time. In this way, the news photos taken can capture the essence of the event well, and the news produced is more readable. In addition, if a reporter is knowledgeable, the interview will be smoother, because you have a wide range of communication, it is easy to get close to the interviewee, and gain the trust and enough respect of the interviewee. In fact, judging from the development trend of newspapers, the emergence of amphibious journalists is inevitable. Therefore, photographers should never forget to learn.

Third, photographers should be good at summarizing and studying the skills in interviews. The timeliness of news is one of the attributes of life, which requires photographers to improve their work efficiency in order to truly grasp the timeliness. In order to improve work efficiency, we should pay attention to summing up and learning methods and skills from peacetime. For example, before the interview, we should collect relevant information, so that the interview can be targeted; Pay attention to the first impression before visiting. Don't be like some reporters who visited the health and epidemic prevention station, but failed to interview because they spit before visiting. While not delaying the timeliness of news, try to let the interviewees set their own time, which will make the interview more profound and smooth. There is also a need to be good at studying the psychological induction laws of the interviewer, such as the influence of "self-effect" and "heterogeneous effect" on the interview. The so-called "equal treatment effect" means that once the photographer and the interviewee quickly find a common topic, the interview will be very cordial and successful. On the contrary, it is the "heterogeneous effect". What I want to say is that these interview skills and methods will be of great help to future interviews if photographers ponder, summarize and learn more.

Fourth, photographers should strive to cultivate their character of doing great things. I don't know if you have noticed that many successful journalists have made great achievements in their careers, which is largely related to their personal personality. For example, robert capa, a war photographer who dares to smile in the face of death, Eugene Smith with a sense of justice and so on. It is from an early age that they have developed the character of doing great things, have a high sense of responsibility for journalism, and show fearless heroism in the face of death. In fact, the photographer's personal wishes also have a great influence on news photography reports. Once you control your will and emotions, it will bring great impetus to journalism. In materialism, "correct consciousness will promote the development of things." That's the truth.

Fifth, photographers should make full use of the advantages of network resources and strengthen exchange and learning. Today's era is an era of information sharing, and no one can stand still, but should constantly maintain interaction and communication. This includes communication and learning with peers; Including communication and learning with the world; It also includes communication and learning with the people. When we exchange and study together, we can make progress and improve together. This is a very happy thing. I also have a suggestion here-that is, we photojournalists, everyone should set up their own special photography website to facilitate communication and study. The purpose of doing this is to shorten the gap between us and the world. In view of the backward situation of domestic news photography, I think it has practical significance.

Sixth, photographers should strengthen the study of legal knowledge. It is often seen that a certain media or reporter is sued for infringement, mainly because the reporter has a weak legal consciousness and always thinks that the reporter can shoot anything and write anything. As a result, he may infringe and become the defendant. Therefore, it is very necessary to learn more legal knowledge. At the very least, you have to know what is personal privacy, what is commercial secret, what is military technical secret, and what are criminal suspects and criminals under the judgment of the court, so as not to be ignored in interviews and filming, leading to passivity and mistakes in work.

Seventh, photographers should master modern digital network technology. We mentioned the idea that photographers should make full use of network resources to learn and communicate, and what I want to say now is a supplement to the above idea. This is a very realistic problem. Learning on the Internet requires photographers to master modern digital network technology first, and only under this premise can it have practical significance. We also know that "fast" is the life of news, which can enhance the timeliness of news. We have mentioned this many times before, which shows its importance. But on this issue, I also want to say that digital news photography is obviously superior to traditional news photography. Digital network is indeed more powerful for photographers, but it also puts forward new tasks and requirements for photographers. As a photojournalist, we should keep forging ahead, learn modern scientific and technological knowledge, master and use network digital technology skillfully, and transmit pictures and words to the editorial department anytime and anywhere through the network to enhance the timeliness of news photography. On the other hand, if photographers can't keep up with the development of digital network today, they will fall behind in the field of news photography tomorrow.

Eighth, photographers should improve their artistic accomplishment. Maybe many friends will ask me, as long as news photography captures the most expressive image moments and includes relevant information, it will be OK. Is there time to pay attention to artistry? But what I want to say is that it is necessary for us photographers to think from the height of pursuing career Excellence. Furthermore, to take a step back, we all know that good photos cannot be separated from certain artistic accomplishment and formal beauty. Everyone knows the importance of news photography to the newspaper market, and how important a good news photo with strong visual impact is to the selling point of newspapers. How can we take such a shocking and infectious good news photo? In composition, it is really not easy for you to take the essence, discard the dross, highlight the theme, and have a good environment to elaborate. But when capturing social news, sometimes you don't have a chance to think so much, because the unpredictability of events will make people unprepared. Under this premise, to take a good photo, it depends on the usual artistic accomplishment, whether to use telephoto or wide angle? Is it vertical or horizontal? Is it panoramic or close-up? Is it appropriate to use large aperture or small aperture? It is necessary to determine the shooting techniques and means of expression according to the needs of news events. Therefore, it will be very helpful for news photography to learn more about art and accumulate some knowledge about composition.

Finally, photographers should stand on the shoulders of giants and work creatively. Ehrlich salomon, the "father of news photography", once said: "If a photojournalist doesn't want to be just a craftsman, then he must make unremitting efforts for the creation of images and should repeatedly think about how to get' unique' photos." Some time ago, I wrote a little about how to treat the works of master figures. One of the important viewpoints mentioned that when dealing with these masterpieces, we should not blindly imitate the superficial things in other people's photos, but should dig deeper into the essence of other people's photos and ask ourselves why people can use photography so skillfully to express great and profound themes. After absorbing the essence, we can boldly learn from the creative ideas of the masters and explore a deeper photo value chain. To innovate, we must first have a broad vision and enrich the essence of everything; Gather a certain amount and seek the qualitative change of the amount; It also needs to reach a considerable height and depth to ensure the three-dimensional sense of ideology. For photographers, it is necessary to strengthen their self-cultivation in all aspects, go deep into life in the process of news gathering, keep a clear head, dare to break away from convention and be brave in innovation, and strive to shoot excellent news photography works worthy of the times.

Postscript: Photojournalist is a leading team of our newspaper. They are always active in every corner of the world, reporting and defending everything in the world with wisdom, sweat and even life all the time. It should be said that they have been quietly contributing to world peace and development, so I rushed out eagerly from the beginning: I want to pay tribute to the journalists engaged in the sacred profession of news photography! In this era of reading pictures, I am convinced that the historical mission of our photojournalists will be more prominent. Finally, I want to shout loudly: let's all participate in and pay attention to the news photography. I think news photography in the new era will be more prosperous! In order to write this article, I have been brewing for a long time in advance and have been depressed for a while. Because my level is limited, learning to write this article is also very overreaching. But there is only one purpose-I hope my friends can gain something after reading the article.