What is the purpose of photographic structure?

Photographic composition is a process of how to reasonably arrange the positions of various elements on the screen in the limited plane space of the negative, so as to achieve the best artistic effect and express the photographer's creative intention. The following is the purpose of my photography composition for you, I hope it will help you.

What is the purpose of photographic composition? Every theme, whether simple or grand, important or ordinary, contains visual beauty. When we observe concrete objects in life-people, trees, houses or flowers, we should put aside their general characteristics and regard them as shapes, lines and qualities. ⒂ Mold, soil, mace, salt and water, m, m, m, m, m, m, m, m, m, m, m, m, m, m, m, m, m, m, m, m, m, m, m. ⑾ ⑾ ⑾ ⑾ ⑾ ⑾ ⑾ ⑾ ⑾ ⑾ ⑾ ⑾ ⑾ ⑾ ⑾ ⑾ ⑾ ⑾ ⑾ ⑾ ⑾ ⑾ ⑾ ⑾ ⒅ ⒘?⒍? Is diarrhea a big responsibility? Do you blame your ancestors for swimming in neon? What's the matter with you? Shoot amaranth > sleep? Badger neon swimming? Be visually beautiful. In other words, the composition should be aesthetic. As Rodin said, "Beauty is everywhere. For our eyes, it is not the lack of beauty, but the lack of beauty. " ; As a photographer, I am just good at seeing nature with my eyes and moving this visual feeling to the picture.

But composition cannot be an end in itself, because the basic task of composition is most likely to clarify the artist's ideas.

The purpose of composition is to emphasize and highlight the typical characters or scenery in the idea, so as to abandon the general, superficial, cumbersome and secondary things, properly arrange the accompanying body and choose the environment, and make the work higher, stronger, more perfect, more concentrated, more typical and more rational than real life.

Highlighting the theme is also the main purpose of photographic composition. Every photographic work has a theme or an interesting center. So how to make this interesting center more attractive? We can emphasize and highlight the subject, abandon something irrelevant to the center of interest, and arrange something to set off the center of interest properly, so that the picture is more attractive and the viewer can know at a glance what this photo wants to show. All this is achieved through composition. Conveying the photographer's thoughts and feelings is also the purpose of photographic composition. We often hear a word called? Visual language? Visual language, like the language we speak, is designed to convey information. In photography, the purpose of using visual language is to make people understand what this photo is saying and what kind of thoughts it wants to express. This purpose also depends on composition.

In fact, before taking every photo, we should first consider whether the photo is composed horizontally or vertically. For beginners, this very important factor is often decided only by feeling. The normal 135 film size is 36 x 24 mm, and the aspect ratio is 3:2. However, the proportion of photos taken by DC is different. Because it is necessary to adapt to the 4:3 ratio of the display, the horizontal and vertical pixel ratios of DC photos are mostly 4:3, such as 2304 x 1728, 1600 x 1200. However, Kodak's DC adopts the pixel ratio of 3:2, and some high-end DCs can make their own decisions. The traditional 120 film is 6 x 7 cm in size, which is very close to the square scale, except for the rectangular shadow scale. The greater the difference between the horizontal and vertical lengths, the greater the influence of the shooting direction on the photos, so the ratio of 3:2 is easier to change the feeling of the photos than the ratio of 4:3.

The picture ratio of general movies is 3:2, while that of DC is 4:3.

Transverse composition

Horizontal composition is generally the most commonly used composition method for photographers, because almost all the basic holding postures of cameras are for the convenience of horizontal shooting. Think deeper, in fact, people's left and right eyes, images should also be horizontally composed, so horizontally composed photos are particularly natural. On the other hand, movies are always composed horizontally, so photos taken with horizontal composition can sometimes show the same visual effect as movies. Photographs with horizontal composition can generally show a feeling of quietness, balance and relaxation, which is a relatively safe composition method.

For example, the sunrise and the birds flying in the sky photographed by the photographer in the above picture give people a very quiet and stable feeling because of the horizontal composition.

Vertical composition

Not all pictures are suitable for shooting with horizontal composition, such as the narrow alley below. If horizontal composition is used, will it not fully reflect the alley? Narrow? After adopting vertical composition, the sense of space in the alley has been fully improved, thus showing the alley more profoundly. Narrow? .

Application of lines

In addition, I also pay great attention to the application of lines in composition. Vertical lines symbolize strength, solemnity and firmness, such as towering buildings and towering ancient trees. The use of vertical lines makes people feel its solemnity and steadiness. The horizontal line symbolizes tranquility, broadness and broadness. For example, shooting the endless sea, the horizon suitable for horizontal lines gives people a very wide feeling. Slant lines symbolize the feeling of instability and dynamics, and can also show the effect of depth. Because of the perspective, the subject will become a diagonal line, leading to the distance, where the diagonal line will guide people's attention to the depths of the picture, reflecting a depth effect. Curves symbolize softness, romance and elegance, which will give people a very beautiful feeling. In addition to specific lines, some abstract lines, such as light bands formed by long-term exposure, are very dynamic, and the curves formed by waterfalls under slow shutter are dynamic and elegant, so lines do not exist objectively in concrete entities, but we must rely on our own eyes to explore and create. For example, the composition of the following photo makes full use of curves and diagonal lines, giving viewers a feeling of infinite extension of the picture, which fully expresses the photographer's description of the bridge without losing the stability of the picture.

Tick-tock combination

After thinking about the shooting direction, where should the subject focus on the photo? Most people are used to putting the center of gravity of the subject in the middle of the picture, which is the focus of general cameras. This place is the easiest place to take photos with clear focus, but it may not be able to take photos that successfully catch people's eyes. It turns out that the central part of the photo is not the focus of the viewer's line of sight, and some lines that divide the photo into equal parts can also make people feel dull, so someone put forward the golden section method in painting a long time ago, and it should be used in photographic composition later. The ratio of the golden section method is about1:1.1618, but it is not necessary to be so accurate when shooting. There are probably a few points to remember. If there is a line in the picture that exaggerates the photo, such as the horizon and horizontal line in the landscape photo, it is best to put it in the upper third or the lower third of the picture, not in the middle. Similarly, it is usually better to put the subject in the third position horizontally or vertically than in the middle. In addition, the golden section method also derives the well-shaped composition method, that is, as long as the picture is divided into three equal parts with two horizontal lines and then divided into three equal parts with two vertical lines, the four intersections of the four lines are the focus of attention. Putting the most important part of the picture on these key points will naturally attract people's attention.

The little frog in the picture above uses TIC-tac-toe combination. As the main part of the picture, the little frog appears properly at the TIC-tac-toe intersection of the picture. The background blur is quite successful, setting off a lovely little frog. The whole picture is concise and neat. In portrait shooting, it is also very suitable for tic-tac-toe game shooting.

The square portrait taken is not surprising.

If you tilt the lens slightly and put the characters' eyes on an intersection of TIC-tac-toe composition, the appeal will become much greater.

In addition, we briefly summarized eight writing methods with outstanding themes:

1. In order to show the close-up or close-up shooting of the subject, it is required to shoot from close range, and the picture range has only a small space.

2. Place the subject in the foreground, so that the picture can contain enough space to become a Zhang Quanjing photo.

3. Make the subject and background have appropriate differences in tone or tone, or form sharp contrast.

4. Emphasize the main part of the composition with light to make it the brightest.

5. Focus on the main body accurately, so that the secondary part or background loses its clarity.

6. Make the main line in the picture gather to the meaning center and emphasize it with light spots. This method is often used to represent the inside.

7. Set the subject at or near the center of the picture. If there is nothing particularly eye-catching nearby, the audience will first notice the subject.

8. Use the shooting angle to emphasize the subject. However, it should be noted that extreme depression angle or elevation angle should not be applied.