Knowledge about film and television text

1. What are the basic common sense about movies?

Movies are also called movies. It is a modern art developed by combining kinetic photography and slide show. It is a comprehensive art that can accommodate literature, drama, photography, painting, music, dance, writing, sculpture, architecture and other arts, but it also has unique artistic characteristics. In terms of artistic expression, film not only has the characteristics of various other arts, but also can use montage, a highly artistic film assembly technique, to have a means of expression that surpasses all other arts, and films can be copied and shown in large quantities.

Film is a film based on the principle of "persistence of vision", which uses photography (and recording) to record the images (and sounds) of external things on film, and then projects (and reproduces the sound) them on the screen. A technology that creates moving images (and sounds) to express certain content.

Film is a comprehensive art, and just like art itself, it has complex and numerous disciplines. There are many different types of movies in the movie world, and there are many ways to classify movies.

Movies were invented by Edison in 1889. Use strong light to continuously project the photographed image on the screen, making it look like a real moving image.

From talkies to the present, we have developed into the era of technology. The movie, which uses a lot of computer special effects, is popular among middle-aged and younger people.

Foreign movie advertisements There are eight types of marks in movie advertisements in the United States and the United Kingdom: American X - films that are prohibited for minors to watch. G - for all audiences; R - prohibited for those under 17; PG - for general audiences; UK U - for decent content; A - for general audiences; X - for those under 18 Movies banned for teenagers; AA - murder movies banned for teenagers.

Film is a means of expression that uses modern scientific and technological achievements as tools and materials to create visual images and lens combinations. In the space and time of the screen, modern art that creates moving, audio-visual, and lifelike concrete images reflects social life. Movies can accurately "restore" the real world, giving people a sense of realism and intimacy, as if they are actually there. This characteristic of movies can satisfy people's desire to experience life in a broader and more realistic way.

The frame rate of movies is generally 24 frames per second. As technology improves, 48 ??or even 60 frames per second movies will soon appear.

2. What books should I read for general knowledge about drama, film and television literature?

The best answer is that the content of drama, film and television literature and the college entrance examination for director and director are the same.

If it is the director's college entrance examination, the most basic things are literary knowledge and film and television criticism. Understand and master film and television language.

The film and television college entrance examination mainly tests common knowledge of literature and art, analysis of film and television works, interviews and storytelling. There are aspects of literary and artistic expertise in the interview.

In terms of employment scope, you can engage in radio, television program editing and directing, art photography, sound design, sound director, copywriting, screenwriting, production, social education and literary and artistic programs in all levels of radio, film and television systems and cultural departments. You can also work as a host, etc., or as a text reporter, photojournalist, etc. in print media. To be precise, it is a relatively technical major, which means there is a lot of computer practice and the like. It also requires you to have a strong cultural background and a strong ability to write stories. Since this major is behind the scenes, your personality has little impact.

What is the employment direction? It is usually a TV station, a radio station, somewhere like this. TV program production is not much different from writing and directing, but it is a little easier than writing and directing. There is no requirement for personality or anything else, because it is also a behind-the-scenes job.

In general, don’t worry about your skills. It will definitely be no problem to find a job and make a living in the future, but in these two majors, you have to follow the work group everywhere, which is quite tiring. If you want to open your own studio or film and television company, you still have a lot of room for independent development.

Nowadays, many college entrance examination students want to take the directing major, and some students will ask about taking tutoring classes. Personally, I think that tutoring can be offered or not, and the decision whether to go or not depends on your overall personal qualities.

If you attend a good tutoring class, it will be fine. If you attend a poor tutoring class, I suggest you find a few regular and genuine books to read. The China Director Network provides guidance in this regard. Book and light Zhang Yimou's plate. If you take a tutoring class, it is recommended not to take too long, at most one month.

In fact, if the tutoring class is responsible for teaching seriously, two weeks will be enough. Even if you spend a few hours listening carefully to a lecture, you will understand everything.

The teacher just gives you an outline or a direction. The key is to work hard on your own and memorize common sense about literature and art. These are the most basic things, as well as film criticism. I also know that the study in the third year of high school is quite intense. , but you can definitely spare some time to watch movies. Go to the video store and buy a movie CD for two yuan, then watch it after you go home and finish your homework.

Then analyze the movie based on the theory in the tutorial book. The tutorial book on writing film reviews is "Analysis of Film and Television Works", compiled by a teacher in a tutoring class in Shandong. After reading this book, you will It is equivalent to this teacher tutoring you for several hours, so everyone should understand this truth.

Reading a good book is like having a conversation with a good teacher, and reading a good guidance book is like receiving guidance from a good teacher.

Some students asked what movies to watch and which movies to watch? Looking at mainland movies, the Directors and Directors Network has compiled films that have been tested in major universities across the country over the years. From that article, we can see that most of them are mainland films, especially those made by fifth-generation directors. Students studying directing should have a political sense.

This means that you don’t want to watch movies by directors who have been banned by the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television or who have been banned. You can’t pass the exam anyway.

We are here for the exam. So you have to be secular.

Just watch movies with main themes, about maternal love, about time, about the development of Chinese history, etc. Chen Kaige's and Zhang Yimou's.

Action films are generally not tested in the college entrance examination for directors, but there are exceptions. In 2007, Tianjin Normal University passed Stephen Chow's "Kung Fu". Therefore, the most popular films in the school's high school entrance examination are literary and artistic films, and they are from the past two years.

I’m tired, let’s say this much first. 7.

3. Film and television basics

Radio, film and television production contains a lot of content. If you don’t know much about film and television, then you don’t need to learn the technology first. First, you need to solve your awareness problem.

Film and television post-production refers to: film and television production work after the filming is completed. Including: input material, 3D animation, 2D animation, special effects synthesis, color correction, non-linear editing, music, dubbing, output finished product, etc.

After reading the classes you mentioned, I guess they are the beginning of non-linear editing and special effects synthesis. To learn non-linear editing, you need to master: the screen editing ability of a film and television director, understand the basic knowledge of film and television, understand the source of your materials, and be able to rationally use various materials to tell stories.

Then comes the use of software. All kinds of software are similar, and you can basically master them in one month. Of course, if you only know software, you are just a worker with a monthly salary of 1,000 yuan.

If you can be a director (the director gives you something, you can edit it independently, and then they will review it in the end), then you can make money. An editor at DD in Hong Kong charges 100,000 to edit an advertisement.

In Guangzhou, the fee for editing an advertisement is more than 5,000. If you learn synthesis technology, you must have art knowledge, be excellent in color and composition, and have the ability to film and television visual arts, so that your synthesis can be effective.

Of course, such abilities will also increase your worth. As mentioned above, editing an advertisement is not only about assembling the images, but also about processing the images, so you can earn thousands of dollars by editing an advertisement.

Suggestion: Clarify your development direction (TV series editing, program production, advertising editing?), then supplement relevant knowledge, watch a lot of related videos, copy a lot of clips, and finally learn, learn The purpose is to communicate and supplement what I haven’t noticed.

4. Literary Knowledge of Directors

Part 1: Examination Links and Subjects 1. Examination Section The academic examination for the radio and television director major consists of two links: a written test and an interview, with a full score of 300 points, of which The full score for the written test is 160 points and the full score for the interview is 140 points.

2. Exam subjects 1. Written test (full score 160 points) ① Subject 1: Comprehensive knowledge and proposition writing (30 points for comprehensive knowledge, 50 points for proposition writing, ***80 points) ② Subject 2: Film and television Work analysis (80 points) 2. Interview (full score 140 points) ①Subject 1: Propositional speech, propositional storytelling or making up a story based on materials (70 points) ②Subject 2: Answering the examiner’s questions (30 points) ③Subject 3: Self-introduction (10 points) ④Subject 4: Specialty display (vocal music, instrumental music, dance, folk art, etc., 30 points) Part 2 "Comprehensive knowledge and proposition writing" Examination outline 1. Comprehensive knowledge part (1) Assessment objectives Possess certain literary and artistic skills The knowledge and literacy of radio, film and television are the indispensable foundation and conditions for future study and career in radio and television editing and directing. Therefore, the comprehensive knowledge examination subject is established to achieve the following assessment objectives: 1. Test the candidates' mastery of literary knowledge such as writers and works involved in middle school Chinese textbooks.

2. Test whether candidates have the knowledge of drama, opera, art, music, dance and other arts that they should have in order to study and engage in this major in the future. 3. Test whether the candidates have the basic knowledge of radio, film and television that they should have in order to study and engage in this major in the future.

(2) Examination format 1. Closed-book centralized examination, with a full score of 30 points. 2. Combined test with proposition writing, time limit is 90 minutes.

3. The examination questions include multiple choice questions, noun explanation questions and short answer questions. (3) Examination requirements 1. Memorize basic knowledge accurately and understand basic concepts correctly.

2. The text is smooth and the expression is accurate. 3. The roll surface is neat and tidy.

(4) Assessment knowledge points 1. Literary common sense: (1) Representative folk songs in "The Book of Songs" and the source of realism in Chinese literature (2) Qu Yuan, "Chu Ci" and the romanticism of Chinese literature Source (3) "Zuo Zhuan" and chronicle-style history books (4) Sima Qian, "Shiji" and chronicle-style history books (5) "Three Cao and Seven Sons" (6) Important representative writers of "Tang Poems and Song Ci" and their works (7) Prose "Tang Dynasty" "Eight Great Masters of the Song Dynasty" and their representative works (8) "Three Words and Two Patterns" (9) The achievements of Chinese chapter novels and the four major classical masterpieces (10) The main achievements of Lu Xun's novels and essays (11) Guo Moruo's poetry and historical dramas ( 12) Mao Dun and Ba Jin’s novels (13) Lao She’s novels and dramas (14) Cao Yu’s dramas (15) Shen Congwen, Ding Ling, Zhou Libo’s novels and Tian Han’s dramas (16) “Mao Dun Literature Award” (17 ) Myths, epics and dramas of ancient Greece (18) European "Renaissance" movement (19) Balzac and his "Human Comedy" (20) Pushkin and his poetry creation (21) Tolstoy and his novels Novels (22) Gorky and his literary achievements (23) Novels of Hemingway and Kafka (24) *** Collection of folk tales "One Thousand and One Nights" (25) Tagore and his literary achievements (26) Literary genres The "Three-Part Rule" and the "Four-Part Rule" 2. Common sense about art: (1) The three ancient dramas in the world (2) The four masters of Yuan Opera and their representative works (3) Southern Opera and Kun Opera and their important plays (4) China The four famous classical operas and their artistic achievements (5) Li Yu and his drama theory (6) The four major Anhui troupes and the formation of Peking Opera, the "Four Skills and Five Methods" of Peking Opera, the profession of Peking Opera, the four famous actors of Peking Opera and the three elements of Peking Opera art Major aesthetic features (7) Important local opera types and their representative works (8) Types of drama, such as tragedy, comedy, tragicomedy, etc. (9) Drama (10) The three major tragedians of ancient Greece and their representative works (11) Shakespeare and his four major tragedies (12) Three Unities (13) The father of modern European drama and his four major social issue plays (14) Chekhov and his representative drama works (15) The world's three major drama systems (16) Symbolist drama, expressionist drama, existential drama and absurdist drama and their representative playwrights and their important dramatic works (17) The father of modern American drama and his representative dramas (18) The basic classification of national musical instruments and the classification of Western musical instruments Basic classification (19) Classification of instrumental music performance forms (20) Classification of vocal music and classification of singing forms (21) Classical music (22) Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, Chopin, Verdi, Johann Schitt Composers such as Rouse and Tchaikovsky and their representative works (23) Music genres, such as symphony, rock music, jazz, etc. (24) Bel canto, national singing and popular singing (25) Nie Er, Xian Xinghai, Chen Gang , He Luting, Hua Yanjun, Lei Zhenbang, Wang Luobin and other composers and their respective representative works (26) Film music (27) Folk dance (28) Modern dance (29) Ballet (30) "Four Treasures of the Study" and "Calligraphy" "Five Body" (31) Three major themes of Chinese painting (32) Painters such as Gu Kaizhi, Yan Liben, Wu Daozi, Gu Hongzhong, Zhang Zeduan, Qi Baishi, Xu Beihong, Huang Yongyu and others.

5. Some basic knowledge of the film and television directing major, what I want is basic, and it is necessary to study this course

1. Communication University of China Press has a basic knowledge book for you Search, the basic questions of many schools are on it, very good

Basic knowledge of film and television majors (art college entrance examination series), 9787811277067, Li Zhenying and Li Huixin, Communication University of China Press

< p> Author: Li Zhenying Li..., Source: Communication University of China Press, Number of views: 35 Book title: Basic knowledge of film and television majors (Arts College Entrance Examination Series)

Series title: Art College Entrance Examination Series

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Author Li Zhenying Li Huixin

ISBN9787811277067

Publisher Communication University of China Press

Price 25.00

Year of publication 2009 -10

Content introduction "Basic Knowledge of Film and Television Majors" has a large amount of knowledge and covers a wide range of subjects. Candidates majoring in film and television arts such as radio and television choreographers, literary directors, directors, photography, drama, film and television literature, and art management can all use. At the same time, the professional content is combined with detailed explanations of real questions and theoretical explanations based on diagnosing common problems among students, which is highly practical.

About the Author

Contents Chapter 1 Audiovisual Language Section 1 Lens and Scroll 1, Lens and Scroll 2, Scroll and Frame Section 2 Screen Language 1, Screen Composition 2, Screen Color 3. Screen scene 4. Screen light Section 3 Lens language 1. Lens classification 2. Montage theory and long shot theory Section 4 Editing language 1. Editing concept 2. Editing steps 3. Editing rules 5. Lens assembly method 6. Sound editing form Section 5 Paragraph transition 1. Concept of paragraph transition 2. Basis for paragraph division 3. Paragraph transition method Section 6 Film and television time and space 1. Film and television time 2. Film and television space Section 7 Narrative Structure of Film and Television 1. Narrative Structure of TV Documentaries 2. Narrative Structure of Film Section 8 Sound of Film and Television 1. Voice 2. Music 3. Sound 4. Relationship between Sound and Picture Chapter 2 Basic Knowledge of Film Section 1. Film Production and Development 1. The Production of Film 2. The Formation of Film Art 3. The Development of Film Section 2 Types of Films 1. Classification by Expression Subject 2. Classification by Shooting Techniques and Expression Forms Section 3 Mainland Chinese Films 1. By Era Division 2. Division by generation. 3. Film award setting. 4. The "first" of mainland Chinese films. Section 4. Hong Kong and Taiwan films. 1. Hong Kong films 2. Taiwan films. Section 5. World cinema. 1. Film genres 2. , Famous Directors 3. Film Award Settings Chapter 3 Basic Knowledge of Television Section 1 Overview of Television 1. The Generation and Development of Television 2. Television Communication 3. Television Language Section 2. TV Programs 1. Classification of TV Programs 2. The Characteristics of TV Programs Composition Section 3 TV Program Production 1. Personnel Composition of TV Program Production 2. System Structure of TV Program Production Section 4 TV Director 1. Concept of TV Director 2. Tasks of TV Director Appendix Film and Television Terminology Film Category Film and Television Industry Types Film and Television Postscript to technical reference materials...

2. "Pre-examination Tutorial for Film and Television Directors" + "Analysis of Film and Television Works" "Common Knowledge in Literature and Art" + "Intensive Training for Radio, Film and Television College Entrance Examination - Interview Skills" + "20 "Breaking through the Film and Television College Entrance Examination" + "Film and Television College Entrance Examination Guidance Series--Director" + "Winning the Film and Television College Entrance Examination--A Quick Guide to the Film and Television College Entrance Examination" + "Director and Director's Analysis of Past Questions".

I think that in the early stage of writing film and television analysis, you can read more comments on the Internet (please note: do not copy them, let alone develop a dependence mentality). The good thing about many comments on the Internet is that It allows you to better understand the topic. The format of the online comments does not match the content required by our exam. The film and television analysis required in our exam is not a film review.

2. In the early and middle stages of film review writing, you can focus on understanding and understanding the film and forming your own unique film and television analysis style and characteristics. In fact, there are patterns to follow. (1) You can briefly explain the theme and plot of the film (2) Focus on analyzing the artistic features of the film, such as the picture (photography, lighting, composition, etc.), sound, color, etc. It must be noted that film and television analysis is not a review, but a little less personal feelings about the film. Because as a directing student, you need to analyze this film from the director's perspective.

3. There is a certain relationship between film criticism and writing ability, so everyone must improve their writing.

4. Most of the direction of film and television analysis by directors and directors has become the analysis of documentaries. Most documentaries do not have a certain story, but in fact it is easier to write as long as they have certain ideas and long-term styles and patterns. Everyone You can focus on watching documentaries. Such as CCTV's "Witness" (The Weight of Time), "Discovery" and other documentaries.

The main reason for self-study is that you feel unsure because you can’t find the direction, let alone get good resources. Therefore, it is recommended to participate in cram schools appropriately. Film and television analysis is a written test, and writing skills are developed through long-term training.

Telling stories in propositions (collecting more good story examples, and understanding the principles of story creation and storytelling, such as contradictions and suspense) and advertising creativity (the most important thing is ideas)

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Watch more film and television analysis yourself.

When applying for school (school exam), you can learn more about it, apply for more, and practice more.

Hope this helps! ! !

6. (1) Common sense of literature and art

①Classification of literature and art

In ancient literature

Articles are divided into: historical style, literary works, etc. Ziwen, parallel prose, ancient prose, sketches

Opera is divided into: Zhugongdiao, Northern Opera Zaju, Sanqu, Southern Opera, Legend

Novels are divided into: Strange Monsters, Great People, Legend, Note novels, Bianwen, Huaben, Huahuaben, chapter novels

Modern and contemporary literature is mainly divided into the following four categories

1. Novels

Based on In terms of length, novels are divided into novels, short stories and novellas.

According to different contents, novels can be divided into romance novels, historical novels, science fiction novels, martial arts novels, condemnation novels, psychological novels, etc.

According to the style and format, it can be divided into epistolary novels, diary novels, chapter novels, series novels, etc.

2. Prose

There are narratives, recording people, descriptions of objects, and descriptions of scenes

Prose can be divided into narratives based on different content and expression methods. , lyrical and argumentative

3. Drama

From the different art forms and expression techniques of drama, it can generally be divided into drama, opera, dance drama and drama answer supplement

4. Poetry

Any act or thing that can express beauty, such as writing, painting, sculpture, architecture, music, dance, drama, film, etc., is art.

Types of art

There are many types of art. According to different classification standards, art can be divided into the following types:

According to the way the artistic image exists, Art can be divided into time art, space art and space-time art. Art is a kind of spatial art. According to the aesthetic method of artistic image, art can be divided into auditory art, visual art and audio-visual art. Fine art is a visual art. According to the materialized form of art, art can be divided into dynamic art and static art. Fine art is primarily a static art. According to the aesthetic principles of art classification, art can be divided into practical art, plastic art, performing art, language art and comprehensive art. Fine art is a plastic art.

According to the way artistic images are expressed, art can be divided into expressive art and representational art. There are both expressive and reproducible elements in art.

It should be pointed out that there are certain differences between the East and the West regarding the meaning and scope of application of "art" and "fine art". Understanding these differences helps us better grasp their concepts and use them.

Generally speaking, according to different means and methods of expression, art can be divided into:

Performing art (music, dance, etc.)

Visual art (painting) , photography, etc.)

Plastic arts (sculpture, architectural art, etc.)

Audio-visual arts (movies, television, etc.)

Language arts (literature, etc.)

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Comprehensive arts (drama, opera, etc.)

A relatively new classification method divides art according to the nature of time and space:

Time art

Space Art

Comprehensive art.

Computer Art

Computer art refers to a brand-new means of artistic creation that is based on computer technology and combines art and computer technology.

All computer-related artistic creations can also be called CG. CG includes two-dimensional and three-dimensional, still paintings, and animations (movies), ranging from free creation, clothing design, interior design, and landscape planning and design. , industrial design, TV commercials (CM) to web design, it can be said to be all-encompassing.

Classification of art majors

Fine arts (painting, design, sculpture, architecture), music (vocal music, instrumental music, dance), broadcasting and hosting, performance, drama, etc. all belong to the art category Yes, there are many, many forms of art. It is mainly divided into two categories: static art and dynamic art

7. What are the commonly used basic terms for film and television editing?

Merge, split, edit, paste, and transition.

1.Clip (clip) The original material of a movie. It can be a movie, a still image, or a sound file.

In Adobe Premiere, a clip is a pointer to a file on the hard disk. 2.Frame (frame) The basic information unit in television, imaging and digital movies.

In North America, standard clips are played at 30 frames per second (fps). 3. Time Base (Time Base) In North America, the time base is equal to 30 frames per second (fps); therefore, a one-second long clip includes 30 frames. 4. Hours: Minutes: Seconds: Frames (hours: minutes: seconds : Frames) The SMPTE (Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers) time code standard that describes the duration of a clip with Hours:Minutes: Seconds: Frames.

If the time base is set to 30 frames per second, a clip with a duration of 0:00:06:51:15 means it will play for 6 minutes and 51.5 seconds. 5.QuickTime is a system software extension developed by Apple that can integrate sound, video, and animation in Macintosh and Windows applications.

A QuickTime movie is a digital movie played on a personal computer. 6.Microsoft Video for Windows is an video format developed by Microsoft that can integrate sound, video and animation in Windows applications.

AVI movies are digital movies played on personal computers.

7. Capture (acquisition) is the process of digitizing the original analog material (image or sound) and directly recording the image or sound into the PC by using the Adobe Premiere Movie Capture or Audio Capture command.

Images and sound can be acquired in real time (the movie plays at normal speed) or in non-real time (the movie plays at slow speed). 8.pression (compression) A special (hardware or software) method used to reorganize or delete data to reduce the size of the clip file.

If you need to compress the image, you can do it when you first get it to the computer or compress the movie again when compiling it in Adobe Premiere.