When exactly did Chairman Mao climb Mount Mogan?

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If you have been to Moganshan, you will usually visit the villa of the Republic of China there, and you will not miss the Queen Hotel where Chairman Mao's building collapsed.

At the entrance of the hotel, the sign "Chairman Mao collapsed" hung impressively. The interior furnishings include Chairman Mao's dining room, Chairman Mao's bedroom and Chairman Mao's lounge. And introduce the draft constitution drafted by Chairman Mao 1954.

After the visit, people felt that Chairman Mao had lived here for a period of time and drafted the first constitution of new China. If you have this impression, congratulations:

You were fooled by what you saw and heard.

What is the truth?

If you are careful enough, you will find that no matter where the introduction is, it does not say when Chairman Mao will arrive in Moganshan.

I searched for a circle of information, but I still couldn't find it. This is strange. How can the itinerary of senior leaders not be accurately recorded? Let's talk about a few main points first.

The first statement is "early spring after New Year's Day", which comes from Wang Fang, then director of Zhejiang Public Security Department, who accompanied Chairman Mao to Mount Moganshan.

The second statement is "March", which comes from local party history and local records, but I didn't tell you the specific day, only that Chairman Mao left Hangzhou in March of 14.

The third statement is "April", which comes from China's introduction of "Moganshan Famous Village". com。 /Chinese/2006 54 38+0/Aug/498 15 . htm

After seeing these different opinions, the first reaction is to look up the Chronicle of Mao Zedong, which is the most authoritative. However, Mao Zedong presided over the drafting of the draft constitution and other work are recorded in detail in the chronicle, but Moganshan is not mentioned.

However, the chronology provides some clues, that is, Chairman Mao 1953 set out from Beijing on February 24th and arrived in Hangzhou on February 28th, and the drafting of the draft constitution was started on June 9th, 654381October 9th, which was completed on March 9th and arrived in Beijing from Hangzhou on March 7th.

This is the first time that Chairman Mao has been to Hangzhou since the founding of New China, and it is also the second time in his life. During his stay in Hangzhou, he visited Songxi Township in Deng Xin County (now Fuyang), Donghu Farm in Shaoxing County, meijiawu Tea Village in Hangzhou and Qianjiang Orchard.

Chairman Mao is a poet, and this time he also left poems in Hangzhou. One of them is "Four Wonders of Moganshan":

Turn over and go back to the seventh room,

Looking back at the mountains, into the boundless.

Forty-eight episodes have just passed,

Fengchi is in Qiantang again.

Interestingly, in authoritative materials such as chronicles, the writing time of this poem is 1955. In other words, the clue to prove history by poetry is also broken.

If we really want to know, we must start with files and witnesses. For example, the security records of relevant parties at that time. But this condition is not available at present.

As for the witnesses, Wang Dongxing and Wang Fang accompanied the climbers. Wang Dongxing's diary has no relevant content. Wang Fang later wrote a memoir, specifically reviewing this history, but he vaguely remembered when Chairman Mao climbed Mount Mogan.

In addition to these two high-level witnesses, there are also memories left by security guards, Chairman Mao's English teacher, photographers and others, but they did not specify the specific time of this mountaineering.

In these memories, the memories of Wang Fang and a security guard provide many details: their group 10 people took three cars, set off from Hangzhou in the morning, climbed Mount Mogan before noon, visited one or two scenic spots, had lunch at the Queen Hotel, and rested for an hour or two before seeing a few scenic spots.

As for whether I lived on the mountain that night, only the guards provided an explanation more than 40 years later. In the first interview, he recalled that he was not alive, but in the second interview, he thought that he lived in the mountains that day.

Whether to stay or not, Chairman Mao spent at least half a day inspecting Moganshan.

Back to the background at that time, Chairman Mao was in Hangzhou for nearly three months. His main task was to draft a draft constitution, and his work schedule was very tight. Although he climbs mountains many times after work in order to adjust his sleep and relieve fatigue, all of them are Huang Yu, Nanfeng, Beifeng, Wuyun Mountain and Fenghuang Mountain in the suburbs of Hangzhou.

Therefore, Chairman Mao left Hangzhou to climb Mount Mogan for at least half a day, which should be arranged after the drafting of the draft constitution. According to the records in local chronicles, the specific time for Chairman Mao to climb Mount Moganshan in March should be between 9th and 14.

If this judgment is correct, strictly speaking, Chairman Mao completed the drafting of the draft constitution in Hangzhou, while Deng Moganshan mainly adjusted and rested after intense work. Or as the researchers put it:

According to the chronicle, Chairman Mao began to review and revise the first draft of the Constitution on March 20th after he returned to Beijing, and presided over the first meeting of the Constitution Drafting Committee on March 23rd. Until the first National People's Congress was held in September of that year, the revision and review of the Constitution were all important tasks of Chairman Mao.

Going around like this, I still can't tell when Chairman Mao climbed Mount Mogan. What do you think:

This is true, but it is not comprehensive. Why do you say that?

First of all, through this pursuit, we can at least determine that Chairman Mao should have climbed Mount Mogan in mid-March of 1954.

Secondly, Chairman Mao's climbing Moganshan is mainly to adjust and rest after intense work.

Finally, as can be seen from poems and other materials, Chairman Mao was deeply impressed by the winding roads and vegetation in Moganshan.

Let's talk about the vegetation in Moganshan first. "Looking back at the peaks and entering the wild" in The Seven Wonders of Moganshan refers to the lush vegetation in the wild. Think about it. In March, Moganshan was lush with bamboo and wood, lost in the misty rain in early spring, and left a good memory for Chairman Mao.

According to Wang Fang's memory, after Mao Zedong boarded Mogan Mountain, he greatly appreciated the vegetation on the mountain and joked with Wang Fang:

Because when the provincial party committee gave a banquet in honor of Mao Zedong, it was suggested that Wang Fang was a big fellow in Shandong, but her name was like a lesbian. She wanted to pick the grass and change it to Wang Fang. Chairman Mao disagreed, thinking that Shandong was not well afforested, and it was hard to grow some grass and could not be picked.

Although it was a joke, the greening of Moganshan really left a deep impression on Mao Zedong. After years of war in China, the surrounding vegetation has been greatly destroyed. Later, when drafting the Outline of National Agricultural Development, Chairman Mao always put greening in an important position. 1956, he also issued the call of "planting trees and greening the motherland", proposing to basically eliminate barren hills and wasteland in China within 12 years.

Let's talk about the Panshan Highway in Moganshan. Just after forty-eight episodes, Fengchi went to Qiantang again. According to witnesses, when Chairman Mao and his party went up the mountain by car, some people got carsick and had to stop to have a rest. But the poet's observation and thinking are different. The steep winding mountain road shows heroism in his poems.

Moreover, Panshan Highway is not only a hero. 1957 During the anti-rightist movement in July, Chairman Mao once again mentioned Moganshan in his speech to cadres in Shanghai. He said:

Aside from the specific political atmosphere, politicians have different thinking modes, and the Panshan Highway in Moganshan can also reflect the laws of social movements.

Writing here, it is not important to ask Chairman Mao when he will go to Moganshan. What is really important is that in the process of questioning, we have a deeper understanding of the past, rather than staying on the surface of light and shadow. This is probably an interesting place in history.