What were the things on the desktop of yamen house in Song Dynasty?

Necessary items on the court case of the yamen in Song Dynasty: gavel, sign tube, Yin He (including big seal) pad on the printing rack, two red and black inkstones (ink has been developed), pen rack (with red and green heads on it), sign tube (with red and green heads on it), confession transcripts of the original defendant and the original defendant, etc.-of course.

In the drama, there are three necessities on the common case: the sign, the gavel, and Yin He (even Yin He was simply cancelled), and then the pen holder should be placed according to the plot. These are all for the needs of the plot.

In the court set up for trial, a case is placed in the middle, and all kinds of necessities for trial are placed on the case. 1, red and green head sign. The green-headed tag is a catch tag, which is used to catch people. The red-headed sign is a punishment sign, ordering the execution. Here, the sign and the sign tube have another wonderful function: the volume of the sign tube is exactly the volume of a bucket (1355 ml) issued by the Ministry of Housing, and the length of a sign is exactly one foot (32 cm). If there is a case of short weight and short feet, it can be measured and verified on the spot. If the profiteers have no way to get money, they will be punished or fined heavily. There are four sign boxes on the desk of the county magistrate, each with a word written on it, which is "strict law enforcement". Among them, the box of "Zhi" is the capture order, and a large number of green-headed capture labels are inserted. The other three boxes are divided into white-headed labels, black-headed labels and red-headed labels. Different colors of the heads have different meanings: 1 board for each white-headed sign, 5 boards for each black-headed sign and 1 boards for each red-headed sign. The more common punishment is to slap the stick on the hip, that is, spank. ? The pattern is on this sign. White, black and red have their own meanings in the severity of execution: if you drop 4 white-headed signs, then after the 4 boards are finished, the flesh will be painless and you will leave immediately. If it's a few blackheads, the same 4 boards, the prisoner will be raw. If it's 4 red-headed labels, you'll be disabled if you don't die. During the execution in the lobby, the officers picked up Grandpa's bamboo stick and tied the condemned prisoner to a bench. The two officers raised the' Wang Fa' (also called the Fa Stick) and sang lyrics rhythmically. 2, the gavel, which also wakes up the wood, the square ruler and the ruler, is a rectangular hardwood with corners and edges, and its volume is generally subject to the hand of an adult. The gavel slapped the desk to show its prestige and deter the prisoners from confessing their crimes. ?

the earliest use of gavel in history was around the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Government offices at all levels can be used in court sessions. The general gavel is engraved with patterns symbolizing authority. The most common pattern is the dragon shape, and there are no other style marks.

The gavel used by the emperor is called "Zhenshan River", which was used to strike the chopping board to show his imperial power. The gavel used by the Prime Minister is called "Zuochaogang", which shows his identity and revitalizes Chaogang.

Procedure of trial:

1. Before going to court, the bookboy put all the articles for trial on the case file, put Yin He and pad on the printing rack, and grind the ink and ink for later use.

2. After summoning the plaintiff, the defendant and all the competent witnesses to be present, the official will wait in the classroom for trial, and the room will be called to fill in the form with the name, gender, age, place of origin and reasons of the original defendant, so as to complete all the preparatory work before going to court.

3. After the preparations are completed, torture room, Zhao Fang, and Zhan Tang's officials lined up to shout Tang Wei, and the hall attendants beat the drums three times. When an official came in from the east gate of Nuange wearing official clothes, he began to interrogate after taking a seat, and called the name with a brush. The word "roll call" comes from this), the torture book roll call, soap service summons, the plaintiff kneels on the east side of the stone, the defendant kneels on the west side of the stone, and giants, scholars, bureaucrats and the like with fame kneel on the eaves in front of the lobby, or stand without kneeling. The so-called "dress gentleman, rule of law villain". When it is proved that he is guilty, the master of the ritual room is ordered to take off his top-wearing hualing and change his fame, and then kneel down to the magistrate of a county.

4. For those who refuse to plead guilty, they will be tortured with a cane, and the confession will be recorded in a book. The magistrate personally ordered Zhu Jiayin to issue a verdict.

5. After the trial, the magistrate of a county withdrew from the court by the west side of Nuange. This is the official drumming three times, which is called withdrawing from the court. At this point, the whole court trial is over.

The trial of prisoners in Beijing yamen in the late Qing Dynasty (this photo was taken by a foreign photographer at that time, and it is suspected that it was posed).