Zhongshan Ancient Town, Fujian Zhongshan Ancient Town

Zhongshan town has a long history. As early as 4000 years ago, there were human settlements and Jiangjin-level cultural relics protection sites. The inscription "Qingxi Longdong Topic" in the Southern Song Dynasty records the history of Sanhetian as 853 years. In the thirty-third year of Qing Emperor Kangxi, there was a mansion here, that is, twelve capitals in bamboo shoots. According to historical research, many existing rock tombs (also known as Man Zi Cave) have been identified as Han tombs, which further proves their ancient history. The inscription * * by Zhang Dongyan and Shu Zai 1892 can prove that Sanhechang was formed by the merger of the original old field, Longdongchang and Masangya, and was built in the early days of liberation. 1993 Jianshan Town was jointly built with Changle Township, and in 2006, it was jointly built with Le Jia Township as Zhongshan Town, which governs 1 1 administrative villages and a community committee.

With the sustained economic growth, the continuous improvement of people's living standards and the implementation of the "Golden Week" holiday, the tourism market in various places continues to heat up and is extremely hot. Taking Longyan City as an example, the "5. 1" Golden Week received 550,000 domestic and foreign tourists over the years, an increase of 26% over the same period of 201/kloc-0, and achieved a total tourism revenue of 235 million. Silla, Yongding, Shanghang, Liancheng and Changting have attracted a large number of tourists and achieved good economic and social benefits.

However, according to the introduction of relevant departments, up to now, the development of tourism in Wuping County is still in the initial stage of piecemeal development, which is in great contrast with the lively scene of the tourism market in neighboring brother counties, and is also out of proportion to the characteristics of ecological environment quality, beautiful mountains and rivers and rich humanities in Wuping County. With the continuous improvement of the comprehensive strength and popularity of the county, the voice of the masses demanding their own local "scenic spots" is getting higher and higher. While focusing on the "ecological brand" of Liangye Mountain, it started the "cultural brand" of Zhongshan Ancient Town, which complemented each other in cultivating the tourism industry in Wuping County. Through the excavation, restoration, protection, development and cultivation of Zhongshan ancient town, Zhongshan ancient town will become a fine landscape in western Fujian and a bright spot for all sectors of society to know, understand and appreciate Wuping, which will play an important role in enhancing Wuping's image, improving Wuping's investment and development environment and enhancing the comprehensive competitiveness of the county. Zhongshan is the seat of Wupingchang county in Tang and Song Dynasties, and is known as the "small capital". After the establishment of Tingzhou in the 24th year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (736), Wuping and Nan 'an towns were established in Wuping, with Zhongshan as the location of Wuping town. In the fourth year of Baoda in Southern Tang Dynasty (946), Nan 'an and Wuping towns were Wupingchang, where Tian Zhi was located. In the fifth year of Chunhua in the Northern Song Dynasty (994), it was promoted to a county, and the original county seat was also located here. Zhongshan is located on the edge of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi, with a prominent geographical position. It is the "gate of the spring pavilion" and was once used to defend against the "two bandits" in Guangdong and Jiangxi. In the 24th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (138 1), Wuping garrison was established here, with a strength of 1000, and the famous anti-Japanese general Yu also served here. 1645, the Qing army marched straight in, connecting Liancheng and Shanghang, and the county magistrate where it was located was surrendered by the wind. However, the military and civilians of Zhongshan in the military system are determined to fight against the Qing Dynasty and fight bloody battles with the Qing army to the end. 1September 646, after more than a year of bloody fighting, Zhongshan City finally fell and was slaughtered. At that time, there was a groan at the scene, blood flowed into the river, and more than 10 thousand people were killed. The "Tomb of 10,000 People" monument, which is now treasured in Wuping County Museum, has become an ironclad proof of that tragic history. During the Agrarian Revolutionary War (1June, 930), Mao Zedong and Zhu De led the main force of Gongsi Army into Zhongshan to carry out revolutionary practice, joined forces with Gong Liu Jun in the suburbs of Zhongshan, and wiped out Wu Delong's bandit department stationed in the urban area in one fell swoop. Since then, the revolutionary struggle of Wuping people has become more turbulent, and the Wuping Soviet area has been further consolidated and developed.

China's rare typical Hakka "People's Town" and "Hakka Dialect Island"-"Military Dialect".

After the Hakkas migrated from the Central Plains to the south, most of them lived together, and most of the residents in the village belonged to the same clan. In Zhongshan Ancient City, which has less than 10,000 people and thousands of households, Fiona Fang has only two square kilometers, but there are as many residents with 102 surnames, which is a rare wonder of surnames in Hakka villages in China. The main reasons are: this thousand-year-old town, located at the junction of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi provinces, is one of the transit points for Hakka people to move south from the Central Plains; Because of its outstanding geographical position, it is the intersection of the three provinces. After garrison and war, it finally formed a unique spectacle of "people's town", which spread all over the country. The popular surname couplets in People's Town have been circulated for thousands of years. On holidays and happy occasions, every household puts up couplets of surnames at the gate to express their feelings of missing their ancestors, tracing back to the source and drinking water. Another peculiar cultural landscape of Zhongshan People's Town is that the dialect used by the ancient officers and men who settled in Zhongshan in those days has remained unchanged for hundreds of years, which conforms to the local Hakka dialect. This is the "military dialect" praised by linguists as "the living fossil of language" and Hakka dialect "dialect island". 1, Yinmen. In the Ming Dynasty, there were three cities in Zhongshan, Wusuo: Old City, Pianyue City and New City, so people called Wusuo "Three Cities" for short. There are three cities in a tiny place, which is rare in the world. This is because Zhongshan is a military town on the border of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi, and it has been a battleground for military strategists since ancient times. There were thousands of households in the Ming Dynasty, and the official rank of Zhengqianhu was one level higher than that of Taishou. It is not under the jurisdiction of the county, just like an independent kingdom, so it has such a scale. After the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution, Zhongshan City was destroyed, and now there is only one "Yingen Gate", which stands tall and tells the world the glory of that year and the vicissitudes of history. According to textual research, a famous Japanese anti-Japanese soldier built a "reading room" at the gate of Yinquan, where Japanese priests read and fenced. Unfortunately, after reading Yi Xuan, it was destroyed by the war, leaving only the city gate with more than one website.

2. Ancient street. The 700-meter-old street extending from Ying 'en Gate, with 100 shops, is evidence of the gathering of merchants and commercial prosperity in Zhongshan. The ancient street itself condenses the history of five ancient Zhongshan cities. The old street with old houses can't hide the elegance of the past, and the faint residual lead flowers on her body still exude an ancient and attractive fragrance. Ying 'en Gate and Reading Yi Xuan built in Ming Dynasty, which are connected with the ancient street, embody the classicality and remoteness of the ancient street. Wandering in the ancient streets, bathed in the ancient customs of the Central Plains, and going door to door to check the couplets of surnames, people's thoughts have long wandered in this Millennium, and they have some feelings and interests.

3. Yong 'an Bridge. This bridge is a charity of an old woman in Wang Xing. She asked her children to build a bridge here with the money from her birthday party, which was completed in 10 (AD 18 10). Qiu Zaiqiao, a famous anti-Japanese patriot and patriotic poet in the late Qing Dynasty, has embedded stone tablets above the eight memorial archways, inscribed with "Yong 'an Bridge" and "Mother's lifelong ambition". On June 2nd 1930, Mao Zedong and Zhu De led Gongsi Army and GongLiu Jun main force to join forces in victory near Yong 'an Bridge, and then headed for other places in Wuping separately, making Wuping's revolutionary struggle more in full swing. In 2006, the bridge was designated as a provincial cultural relics protection unit.

4. xianggong tower. Xianggong Village, located outside the new city of Zhongshan, was built in Mingjiajing 19 1 1 year (155 1). The tower has seven floors and is octagonal with a height of 14.7 meters. According to legend, ancient literati liked to invite them here to climb mountains and enjoy the scenery and write poems, hence the name "xianggong tower". It is said that Mr. Feng Shui said that the terrain from the northeast of Wuzhongshan City (that is, the area around Wuping County today) is a downhill tiger, and this downhill tiger came from the direction of Wuzhongshan. In order to prevent the tigers from invading the south, it is necessary to build seven tiger towers, which are called "Seven Whips Tigers". Nowadays, things have changed, and after years of vicissitudes, among the seven pagodas, only Xianggong Pagoda is still fruitful. Xianggong Tower is spectacular in appearance, just like a historical giant standing on Xianggong Village.

5. Shili Canyon Gallery: Located at the south of Zhongshan Ancient Town15km, it is a Jurassic Rift formed by Himalayan orogeny and crustal changes 65 million years ago. It runs north and south from Guizhou to our town. The town alone is more than 20 kilometers long, with the lowest elevation of about 700 meters and the highest elevation exceeding 1442 meters. The mountain is Danxia landform, in the forest.

6. Shitianjing Xanadu: Located in the southwest of the ancient town, it is connected with Piluo in Yongxing Town, with an average elevation of 1 1,000 meters. Surrounded by cliffs, there are hundreds of acres of flat and open land in the middle. The towering mountains hold up a fairyland on earth, and nature has created unique nature and humanity such as ox back, horse facing the sky, stone patio, big round cave, goose egg and Ho's hanging coffin.

There are towering old trees here, which cover the sky and the sun, with fresh air and cool climate. The stream is clear, surrounded by mountains, winding and gurgling; Walking on the mountain, stepping on the "red carpet" paved with purple sandstone. Walking through the stream in the forest, dozens of undulating peaks are interlocking, forming a natural maze, so that you don't know the path and get lost; Standing on the back of Guniu Stone, overlooking the mountains of Qijiang River, overlapping and dangerous, just like Ma Benteng, filled with smoke, you are amazed and worthy of being a wonder of the world; At the foot of Chaotianma Mountain Peak, Tianma seems to roar around its neck and soar for nine days, making you forget everything in the world and be in a fairyland.

7. Tomb of Shu Jing, the richest man in Tingzhou and the southeast of Wang Qian. Shu Jing was a wealthy businessman in Zhongshan during the period of Zhengde in Ming Dynasty, and was known as the "Southeast Money King". At that time, the magistrate of Tingzhou wrote an epitaph for him, calling him "the richest man in Tingzhou". Shu Jing built eight tombs during his lifetime.

The building materials are exquisite, the structure is exquisite and the scale is relatively grand. Unfortunately, most of them were severely damaged during the Cultural Revolution, but the sites still exist. The existing tombs of Shu Jing in Xishan Hill, a suburb of Zhongshan, are relatively complete, and various legends about Shu Jing have been circulated among Wuping people for hundreds of years. Exploring and visiting Shu Jing's tomb can make visitors feel more intuitively about the society, economy and culture of Wuping and Tingzhou in Ming Dynasty.

8. Former residence of Commander Zhu De-City Villa. This villa is located in Linwu Lane, a village in Zhongshan Ancient Town, which is the ancestral home of Lin's rich family. It was built in the early19th century. The four characters of the gatehouse "Master Villa" are clearly visible, and the structure inside the house is complex. The front part is the left and right wings, the middle part is an open-air patio, the middle part is separated by a wall screen, and the back part is another open-air patio. The wing structure is more complicated than the front part and has more space. On June 1930, Zhu Maohongjun re-entered the armed forces according to the spirit of the stair ridge meeting. Commander Zhu De is on sick leave in the left wing of Master Villa due to illness.

Raise.

9. Former residence of General Xie, the general of the Kuomintang Anti-Japanese War. Xie, a native of Zhongshan, Wuping, graduated from the sixth phase of Huangpu Military Academy. After the Northern Expedition, he was admitted to study in Britain on 1930. 1934 graduated from the Royal Military Academy (St. Hurst Military Academy) and was one of the few generals under Chiang Kai-shek who had received a complete western military education. During the Anti-Japanese War, the Japanese attacked Dushan in Guizhou, and Chongqing was shaken. The situation is urgent. Xie led the 93 rd Army to participate in the Battle of Dushan and Pingtang, and defeated the Japanese army that invaded Chongqing in the north, so he was promoted to Lieutenant General of the Kuomintang. 1September 1954 to1March 1957, served as the fifth president of Taiwan Province Kuomintang Whampoa Military Academy. During this period, Jiang Xiaowen, the eldest grandson of Chiang Kai-shek, was studying in a military school. Because of repeated serious violations of discipline and regulations, Xie was very angry and was dismissed, thus offending powerful people. On the surface, Chiang Kai-shek and his son were quiet, but the next year (1March 957), they were dismissed and retired on charges of "espionage". Later, he worked in many places in Taiwan Province Province, 1992 moved to the United States, and 1995 died. The former residence of General Xie in Zhongshan City can be used as a tourist landscape. In tourism development, from the perspective of landscape resources, there should be a "three-headed" requirement. First, there must be something to watch, that is, this landscape resource is worth seeing, and it feels very durable after reading it; Second, there must be a beginning, that is, this landscape resource should have rich cultural heritage, stories to tell, knowledge to tell and experience to teach; The third is to be interesting, that is, to make tourists impulsive and want to participate. After participating, I felt very meaningful and gained some experience. We believe that the landscape resources of Zhongshan ancient town basically meet the requirements of the above-mentioned "three heads", and it is completely feasible to develop tourism in Zhongshan ancient town.

First of all, Zhongshan ancient town has preserved many historical and cultural landscapes, such as 700 meters old street, Yingenmen ancient city wall, Wuhou Temple, Dongping Wang Temple, Xianggong Tower, Yong 'an Bridge and Zhu De's former residence. It also has beautiful and peculiar natural landscapes such as Shilizhu, Longyan Yuji and Juxianyan, which are worth appreciating and seeing. Secondly, the ancient town of Zhongshan has a thousand-year history and profound cultural heritage. It is also the south gate of Gu Tingfu. Soldiers have guarded here for many years, and the Red Army has fought here. There are many legends handed down from generation to generation, which are very "talking heads". Third, the ancient town of Zhongshan has a bamboo forest landscape stretching for more than ten miles. When you paddle a bamboo raft or ride a canoe down the river, the breeze blows on your face, and the beautiful scenery is all over your body, which is refreshing. There is a wonderful feeling of "integration of heaven and earth", which is very playful.

Therefore, after seeing the natural and cultural landscape of Zhongshan ancient town, some tourism professionals commented that the natural beauty of Zhongshan ancient town is a precious highlight of Wuping's history and culture, which preserves and condenses many characteristics of Central Plains culture. Sorting out, excavating and popularizing the ancient town of Zhongshan will definitely become a famous tourist attraction in the whole province and become "Lijiang, Fujian".

In terms of hardware, starting from the six elements of tourism "eating, living, traveling, shopping and entertainment", according to the requirements of "five possibilities" of "entering, living, enjoying, enjoying and remembering" in scenic spots, we will build and improve the relevant supporting infrastructure for tourism development in Zhongshan ancient town. First, complete the road reconstruction from the county seat to Zhongshan section of provincial highway 206 as soon as possible, and carry out the construction according to the requirements of the road standard for entering the scenic spot. The second is to pave and widen the connecting roads between various landscapes to facilitate tourists to enter; The construction of general parking lots in scenic spots and various parking lots in scenic spots, etc. Third, plan to build a number of hotels and guest houses with strong reception capacity, especially on both sides of the stream near Shili Bamboo Sea Landscape, and build some rural hotels and guest houses with strong local characteristics to meet the needs of tourists in food and accommodation. The fourth is to build Wuping Hakka specialty commercial street to meet the shopping needs of tourists.

In terms of software, we should first strengthen the organizational strength of ancient town tourism development. County Zhongshan Ancient Town Protection and Development Working Group and Zhongshan Party Committee and Government should coordinate the planning, coordination, management, investment promotion and investment of the whole Zhongshan Ancient Town tourism development to ensure that the ancient town tourism development is on the right track; Secondly, we should further strengthen the brand building of Zhongshan ancient town. Zhongshan Party Committee, government, culture and construction departments directly under the county should conscientiously do all the preparatory work for zhongshan town to declare "Hometown of Folk Culture and Art in China", "Famous Historical and Cultural Town in Fujian" and even "Famous Historical and Cultural Town in China", and get the title of superior at an early date and relevant protection funds to further enhance the popularity of the ancient town. Third, we should further strengthen the publicity and promotion of Zhongshan ancient town. Although the culture of Zhongshan ancient town has been reported and displayed by the central, provincial and municipal media, its external popularity has been continuously improved, attracting a large number of experts, scholars and journalists to visit Zhongshan. However, this is only a good beginning to promote the tourism development of Zhongshan ancient town. In the future, we must make full use of the power of the media and mass organizations, invite journalists, writers and literati to carry out activities such as collecting folk songs, photography and pen meetings, and continue to explore, integrate and publicize the connotation of the Millennium folk culture, red culture and green culture of Zhongshan ancient town, so as to further enhance the influence and popularity of Zhongshan ancient town.