What are the characteristics of modernist photography?

Characteristics of New Realistic Photography

Expressed the formal beauty with ordinary themes, and produced a strong visual impact with simple photography techniques. Neo-objectivism photography is also called "dominant photography" and "new realistic photography". It is a school of photography art that appeared in the 1920s. The artistic feature of this school is to seek "beauty" in ordinary things. By means of close-up, close-up and other means, the subject is "separated" from the whole, a certain detail of the subject is highlighted, and its surface structure is accurately and truly described, thus achieving dazzling visual effects. It does not think that the essence of art lies in the essence of objects, so its aesthetic thought belongs to naturalism. For example, in 1923, photographer Pacho took a close-up shot of the locomotive shaft, showing the state of the locomotive shaft in operation, which gave the audience a strong visual impression because the picture abandoned other details. The theoretical pioneer of neo-objectivism is strand, who made the following provisions on the artistic characteristics of objectivism: "Neo-objectivism is the essence of photography, as well as the product and boundary of photography." In his view, photography "is very expressive of life and needs to observe the eyes of things." Therefore, it is not based on perfunctory processes and operating methods, but pure photography. "The pioneers of neo-objectivism photography are Ajie and Steichen. The actual founder is Pacho mentioned above. Pacho objected to photography relying on painting. He emphasized that the art of photography must rely on its own characteristics, and believed that the aesthetic value of photography was hidden in its own characteristics. Only by giving full play to their own characteristics can we create beauty. He said, "Painting should be painted by the painter at will. Only according to its inherent characteristics can we create independent photography works, and there is nothing to borrow in painting. "The achievement of neo-objectivism photographers is to urge people to study and explore the characteristics of photography itself and bring photography back to real life from the illusory world of aesthetics. However, due to over-emphasis on the description of the surface structure of detailed materials, it provided a germination soil for later abstract photography. Around 1925, due to the appearance of large-caliber small cameras, the performance field of neo-objectivism has made new development, resulting in many portrait works and works reflecting social life and natural scenery.

Surrealism photography

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It is considered that visualizing people's subconscious, inspiration and dreams is a vast world of art, and using skills to make incredible effect plots. Surrealism photography is a school that appeared in the field of photography art during the decline of Dadaism, and it rose in the 1930s. This school has strict art courses and theories. They believe that it is a task that classical artists have already completed to express the real world with realistic creative methods, while the mission of modern artists is to explore the new and unexplored "spiritual world" of mankind. Therefore, people's subconscious activities, accidental inspiration, psychopathy and dreams have become the objects of surrealist photographers' deliberate performance. Surrealism in photography, like Dada photographers, uses scissors, paste and darkroom technology as the main modeling means to pile up, piece together and reorganize the scenes in the works, and combines specific details with arbitrary exaggeration, deformation, ellipsis and symbol to create a surreal "artistic realm" between reality and fantasy, concreteness and abstraction. So the effect is strange, absurd and mysterious. The founders of this genre are British photographer Winston and American Bruggaier (1880- 1945). The real finisher is British stage photographer Kyle Bing (1905-? ), in his own creation, he combined the virtual reality of "surrealism" with the real reality, creating a realm that is both illusory and real. For example, Kyle Bing's Self-Portrait, written by him in 1946, is a typical surrealist work, with four exposures-one front, two sides and one eye.