What kinds of landscape trees are there (picture of garden landscape trees)

Landscape trees are also called solitary trees, solitary trees, specimen trees or solitary trees. Nursery tree species suitable for landscape trees generally need to be beautiful, tall and majestic, with personality and characteristics, and have a long life. Nursery tree species with beautiful flowers, fruits, bark or leaf color are usually selected, which can be deciduous or evergreen. This kind of seedlings can be independently used as scenery for viewing.

what are the types of landscape trees?

the common landscape trees are: ginkgo, maple, cotinus coggygria, pentagram, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, coconut, betel nut, Cinnamomum camphora, osmanthus fragrans, magnolia, Liriodendron chinense, Liriodendron chinense, Ficus microcarpa, Prunus persica, Davidia involucrata, Catalpa, and Aesculus chinensis. In fact, Palmae, Aceraceae, Lauraceae, Moraceae, Magnoliaceae and other plants are common landscape trees.

the landscape trees in southern China are mainly evergreen, among which palm plants are widely used in recent years, such as palm, mallow, brown bamboo, nightshade, Washington brown, Luzon sugar brown, bay leaf brown, Joan brown, Ruo brown, red palm, blue palm, sugar brown, Bawang brown, Aralia pinnata, beautiful mallow and canary date.

others include: tourist banana, pandanus, tuanhua, catalpa bungeana, jacaranda, Fraxinus americana, lampstand tree, Davidia involucrata, Camptotheca acuminata, Elaeagnus angustifolia, rubber tree, banyan, kapok, litchi, longan, bauhinia, Erythrina, acacia, etc.

what is the purpose of landscape trees?

Landscape trees are seedlings specially used in urban construction, park greening, municipal greening and other projects around the country to beautify the scenery and green the environment. Generally planted in nurseries around the country, it is divided into various grades according to different tree types. It constitutes a variety of ornamental individual tree species in scenic forests and trees that grow in different spatial environments and can be listed as independent scenic spots. The biggest difference between it and the scenic forest is that it enters the scenic sightseeing series with individual ornamental image and face, and its attraction effect mainly depends on the characteristics of beautiful, ancient, rare, planted by celebrities and strange shape. Landscape trees can also be planted on roadsides, pools, corridors and pavilions or matched with rocks and buildings, or scattered in groups of three or five in some small scenic spots to form a layout with natural interest, or they can be regularly arranged in regular areas with axis layout.

pest control methods for landscape trees

(1) powder spraying method. Powder poison is sprayed on the surface of trees or pests by powder sprayer, so that they are poisoned and die. This method has high efficiency, does not need water, and is less harmful to the trees themselves; The disadvantage is that the persistence of poison on trees is poor, the dosage is large, and it is not economical enough.

(2) fumigation. Poisonous gas or steam is used to kill pests by entering them through their respiratory organs.

(3) spray method. Using the poison of solution, emulsion or suspended liquid, fine fog spots are formed by spraying instruments and sprayed on trees or pests.

(4) poisonous grass bait. Make a mixture of solution or powder poison and bait, and then spread it where pests occur or live.

(5) poison ring method. Apply the poison directly on the bark or on the paper tape or straw ring tightly wrapped around the trunk to prevent or poison the leaf-eating insects from climbing to the tree.

(6) In winter, various overwintering insect sources can be eliminated by digging pupae and scraping bark. Whitening the trunk can eliminate the pests and diseases that overwinter in the cracks in the bark.

Transplanting methods of landscape trees

(1) Tools

Prepare a crane of over p>3T and an extended van of over 2T, straw ropes and some digging tools.

(2) Irrigation

Irrigation should be carried out about 5 days before transplanting, and sufficient water should be poured to make the root branches of seedlings have enough water to make up for the problem of insufficient water absorption caused by the root system during transplanting, and the soil is easy to dig and form soil masses after irrigation.

(3) winding dry

Two days before excavation, the straw rope is soaked with water and wound upward from the base of the trunk, which is mainly used for heat preservation and moisture retention. First, avoid direct sunlight and transportation, prevent dry wind from blowing after planting, and reduce evaporation of trunk water; The second is to adjust the humidity of the trunk to reduce the damage to the trunk caused by the temperature difference in the transplant site; Thirdly, watering the rope winding part can store a certain amount of water to keep the trunk as moist as possible; Fourth, it can protect trees from mechanical damage during excavation, transportation and planting. Waste automobile tires should be used to wrap the trunk at the lifting place of the crane wire rope to prevent the trunk from being damaged by the wire rope during lifting.

(4) Pruning

Pruning is the main measure to keep the balance of the above-ground parts in the process of transplanting trees. Generally, deciduous trees and coniferous trees cannot be pruned. For evergreen broad-leaved trees, the branches of diseases and pests and the branches of overgrown branches should be pruned first.

(5) Orientation

Orientation is to mark the north-south direction on the branches with paint, so that it can still maintain its original direction when transplanting to meet its light requirements.

(6) The key to digging

big trees is to protect the soil ball from scattering. Generally, the diameter of the soil ball is 81 times the diameter of the trunk, and the height of the soil ball is about 7% of the diameter. If the soil ball is too large, it will easily scatter, and if it is too small, it will not survive easily. When excavating, appropriately increase the excavation area, form a certain slope from the inside out, excavate downward with a certain diameter, be vertical, and be barrel-shaped with the same width from top to bottom.

(7) Dressing and packaging of the soil ball

After digging the soil ball, use a sharp hoe or shovel to trim it smoothly. A small flat bottom should be trimmed under the soil ball, and the soil ball should be bandaged after finishing. First, wrap the soil ball with soaked straw rope, and wrap it around the waist, with the width accounting for 1/3 of the soil ball. Then, tie the straw rope to the trunk and cross it up and down to form a net. When winding, use force, bind firmly, minimize joints, and tie the rope head tightly to the root of the tree. Then use thick hemp rope to cross and wrap the soil ball in a circle.

(8) Hoisting

When the tree is hoisted by crane, it can be directly hoisted and loaded into the car. The car is padded with 4cm thick straw to prevent the soil ball from directly contacting with the car steel plate and damaging the soil ball. When loading the car, put the soil ball forward and the tree back flat on the car. In order to prevent the soil ball from rolling, stones can be used to fix it. The trunk is fixed at the contact point of the car stop board with waste car tires and hemp rope. After loading, wrap the trunk with hemp rope at multiple points and fix it on the carriage. After the car is installed, it should be transported to the designated nursery for planting.

geomantic analysis of planting landscape trees in gardens

(1) Selection of tree types

Planting trees in the courtyard is selective. According to geomantic omen, plants can be divided into two categories: bad luck and bad luck. There are two criteria for dividing the perpetrators: one is to divide them according to whether there is poisonous gas or venom, which has certain scientific basis. For example, some scholars believe that cordate telosma will emit a large number of particles that strongly stimulate the sense of smell at night, which has adverse effects on patients with heart disease and hypertension. The flowers of oleander are toxic, and the fragrance of flowers is easy to make people sleepy and reduce human function. Tulip flowers have soil alkali, and it is easy to fall off when exposed to hair too much. It is a fierce tree and should not be planted in the yard. The other is the shape of the tree, for example, "The tree is weird, and its name is ruined by gas pain", "The tree bends over and hunches over, and all its wealth retreats", "The tree is like an ox, and it is ill in a humble abode" and so on. Any tree that looks ugly, dignified and has abnormal development is fierce. I'm afraid this is the psychological effect or the traditional humanistic aesthetic concept at work. As for the auspicious tree, it is determined according to the plant characteristics, meaning and even homophonic, and people tend to this view in real life. For example, geomantic scholars think that 13 kinds of plants such as palm, citrus reticulata, bamboo, Toona sinensis, Sophora japonica, Ganoderma lucidum, plum, Ficus microcarpa, jujube, pomegranate, grape and begonia are auspicious plants, while peach, willow, wormwood, ginkgo, cypress, cornus and nothing.

(2) Planting orientation

Ancient Feng Shui classics have some conclusions about this: "Peach poplars are planted in the east, plum dates are planted in the south, elms are planted in the west, and plums are planted in the north", "It is not auspicious to hang willow in front of the door", "There is a tree in the middle of the door, and there are three generations of trees", "There are elms behind the house, and ghosts are not close" and "I like to plant in front of the door" From the above conclusions, combined with modern scientific knowledge, we think that some conclusions contain natural scientific knowledge, while others are a psychological need to avoid misfortune. For example, peach trees are planted in the east because the east first welcomes the sunrise, willow sprouts earlier, and peach blossoms are one of the earliest plants that bloom in spring, so it is reasonable to plant them in the east, and elm trees are wet plants, so it is appropriate to plant them in the west when the sun is not afraid. As for the idea that the locust tree is lucky and the elm tree exorcises ghosts, there are probably many superstitious elements. The willow tree should not be planted in front of the main door, which may refer to the willow tree "easy virtue", so it is psychologically difficult to accept.

(3) The number of trees planted

Feng Shui advocates reasonable close planting. It believes that: when the surrounding area is large and narrow, you should not plant more trees, otherwise it will help its shade; Only those who are sparse at the left and right behind are densely planted to block their emptiness. We agree with this view, but some of the following arguments are too superstitious, and we can abandon them: "A single tree is the door, a widowed mother and an orphaned grandson", "The door is in the forest, and the sudden illness is more fierce", "Two trees in front of the door, the animal hurts people more", "Left trees are not right, the luck is less fierce", "Left trees are three to five, and husband and wife are mutually resistant", and "Two trees are sandwiched between houses, and the loss is certain.

(4) Tree size

Different schools of geomantic omen have different requirements about how large trees should be planted in the courtyard: in geomantic omen, the formal school thinks that it is advisable to plant large trees in rows to block the suffocation around the house. In order to meet the needs of the situation, trees and flowers can be used to create a pattern of "left green dragon, left white tiger, former suzaku and rear Xuanwu" when the house is built on the plain or in a relatively wide place around it, that is, big trees are planted at the back of the house, medium trees are planted on the left and right sides, and low shrubs or grass are planted in front. This way is understandable from an aesthetic point of view, and it meets people's psychological needs of finding a "land of feng shui", so we can participate in the design. In the theory of geomantic omen, it is believed that trees should be planted in high places, and low plants should be planted in low places. For example, the theory of "Eight Houses Traveling Year" holds that trees should be planted only when the house is blessed with natural medicine, longevity and vitality, and short trees or grass can be planted in other directions. Xuankong Law stipulates that only God can plant big trees, but the direction of zero God is not suitable. This method may have no scientific basis or aesthetic beauty, so we should not take it as a reference unless the owner has special requirements.

(5) tree type selection

In general, the theory of geomantic omen advocates a square garden, symmetry and balance, so the overall requirements for plant cultivation can be summarized as: healthy without diseased piles, dignified and strange, which we can see from the following geomantic judgment. "Strange trees swell their heads but not their waists, evil spirits and promiscuous little devils", "Bamboo and wood hang upside down at the water's edge, and children fall into the water", "Dead trees are used as doors, and fire kills people", "Branches and vines are entangled, and the hanging beam capsizes", "The tree is damaged below, and the foot is sick", "Fruit branches are left, and miscellaneous diseases are caused by phlegm and fire", "swollen roots under the tree, deaf, blind and sick", It is certain that dead trees, dead trees and diseased trees are not suitable for planting. As for trees with unsightly appearance, they should be divided into two parts. Some trees are beautiful because of their bends, but good because of their bends, so we cannot reject them all. Of course, we will not plant those that are ugly and twisted.

(6) Selection of plant colors

There are few discussions on plant colors directly in classical geomantic books, only a few words, such as "Red flowers on the right tree, charming family" and "White flowers on the right tree, scattered descendants". I am afraid that the red flowers on the right tree are related to "Peach Blossom", which is in line with the theory that the pond should not be located on the right, otherwise there will be obscenity. "White flowers on the right tree" is related to the custom that people mourn the dead with white flowers, so they make a judgment that their descendants will be scattered. We think this kind of judgment is nonsense, otherwise the flawless Magnolia grandiflora planted in front of the house will make a big mistake? Although the ancient geomantic omen theory didn't talk too much about what color plants to plant, it believed that everything in the world was made up of five material elements: gold, wood, water, fire and earth, and different colors represented different elements.

gold-white, apricot, golden

wood-cyan, green

water-black, blue

fire-red, purple

soil-yellow, brown

As for the orientation and where to plant what color, geomantic omen is based on the principle that the five elements are mutually compatible. According to people's psychological customs on color, some new modern geomantic scholars put forward some new views. They think that red represents prosperity and enthusiasm; Green represents peace; Yellow represents wealth; Black represents solemnity; White represents cleanliness and solemnity. We can refer to the application in landscape design.