What is the ideological origin of Tibetan traditional architecture?

Tibetan Buddhism and its theories and thoughts, which have been dominant for a long time in history, have played an important leading role in creating architectural forms and organizing architectural space, and formed the design ideas and concepts of Tibetan traditional architecture. These design ideas and concepts have had an important impact on the construction and development of traditional buildings in Tibet and the urban and rural construction in Tibet.

1. Ladder said that the legendary Tibetan king Nie Chizamp was the first Tibetan king. He and the six Tibetan kings after him were called the Seven Kings of Tianchi in history. Legend has it that the seven kings of Tianchi are all immortals in the sky and will ascend to heaven after death. "Wang Tong's Genealogy Table" says, "The body of the God has nothing left and disappears like a rainbow". Rainbow is a rope to climb the sky, and the mountain peak is a ladder. Under the influence of the ladder theory, many houses in Tibet were built by mountains at that time, and the consideration of defense at that time was not ruled out. Even today, we can still see painted ladder totems and palace ruins at the top of the mountain on some slopes in Tibet.

2. The center said that the ancient Buddhist cosmology believed that the center of the world was Mount Sumi, with Mount Sumi as the center, drawing a circle with a radius of 50,000, and then drawing a circle with a radius of 25,000, forming four continents and eight small continents of the universe. Buddhism believes that there are three realms in the world, the middle realm of human and animal life, with Xumi Mountain as the axis, extending to the dark realm of heaven and spirit. Under the influence of the central theory, the construction of Sanye Temple fully embodies this idea. Its main hall represents Xumi Mountain, and there are four continents and eight small continents. The sun and the moon are in the circle formed by the wall.

3. King Kong said that the main school of Tibetan Buddhism is Tibetan Buddhism. Tibetan Buddhism developed on the basis of Vajrayana and belongs to Mahayana Buddhism. Tibetan Buddhism has penetrated into all aspects of Tibetan social production and life, and it is a religious field that contains countless forms and complex philosophical thoughts. It is difficult to sort out its contents and ideas. As the foundation of Tibetan Buddhism, Vajrayana's thoughts and rituals such as "pilgrimage" and "learning from the scriptures" had a direct and profound impact on the social, urban and architectural forms of old Tibet.

4. In the afterlife, it is said that Tibetan Buddhism advocates the four truths and five intelligences, and the wheel of karma is six divisions, seeking only the afterlife, so that people do not pursue material production and material richness of individuals and society, and even think that the more they suffer, the deeper they practice, the better the afterlife will be. The value orientation of Tibetan Buddhism is ideological, not economic. The idea that building a house can provide shelter from the wind and rain was fully reflected in the housing construction of agricultural and pastoral slaves at that time, which is also one of the factors that Tibetan traditional architecture has a simple and rugged architectural style.