Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Photography major - The most worthy accessory for photography.
The most worthy accessory for photography.
1, shape, feel. Machines that don't like the appearance and feel bad are uncomfortable to use, so I won't consider them for the time being.
2. Pixels. At present, the mainstream is a 10-megapixel SLR, so Canon's 400D, Nikon's D200/D80/D40X, Sony's A 100 and Pentax's K 10D are the main models.
3. price. This is very simple. How much do you need? 100000 megapixel machines are mostly between 5K and 7K, and only Nikon's D200 is around1w.. It's not wrong to make a budget before you buy something.
4. Don't pay too much attention to the dust removal function on the current fuselage. The effect of this new function is far from as good as advertised. There is no need to care too much about this now. The vibration release function of the fuselage is still very practical.
Because I am a Nikon user personally, I will focus on how to match Nikon's lens. And in order to be responsible, I only wrote my own shots, some of them are my own, and some are those of my friends around me. After playing for so long, I feel that I have different characteristics, and I want to say it as objectively as possible, but I am responsible to say that it is worth considering. The key depends on your requirements and financial ability. The characteristics of Nikon lens are simple:
Fixed focus is better than zoom, the price is relatively cheap, the imaging style is sharp, and the high-end products are lost to Canon. Low-end products are not inferior, even slightly better. Nikon and Canon, as the major brands of lenses in the world, have been playing for decades. Nikon's lenses belong to the middle and low-end grades, which are relatively cheap and kind in workmanship, so they are deeply loved by photographers. Canon is in a leading position in professional fields, such as sports photography, so you will see many people holding Canon cannons in football matches and tennis matches. Just like an ordinary amateur, buying a SLR is just for fun, entertainment and flowers. The total investment may be 1-3W. What is the possibility of buying such a professional lens and fuselage? Of course, it does not rule out that rich players buy a lot of bulls in one breath, which is beyond the scope of this article. Money makes the mare go, so don't worry about matching lenses. In fact, whether Canon or Nikon has a dog's head, a good head and a cow's head, just like Sichuan cuisine, Hunan cuisine and Cantonese cuisine, there are some bad things and some I like very much, but I prefer hot pot. Hehe, I thought about playing Canon for a while after I chose Nikon, but later I found that people who play Canon also want to play Nikon, so I realized that using the equipment in my hand is the key, or buying more equipment will be like that. No photographic work can win an award by relying entirely on top-notch equipment. The equipment is just a tool, so don't pursue it excessively and be superstitious. Cut the crap and get to the point.
I. Classification of lenses
1, lenses by brand are generally distinguished by brand, such as Nikon lens, Canon lens, Pentax lens and Sony lens. Please note that these brands of lenses are not directly interchangeable. If you choose Nikon's SLR, it will be more difficult to use Canon's lens because their bayonet design is different. Although the fun of SLR lies in changing lenses, we often find that there are very few lenses that can be changed. Hehe, this is determined by interests and cannot be changed in the short term. Brand differentiation has a special lens group-deputy factory lenses. Once we buy a lens of a certain brand, such as Nikon, we usually choose the lens produced by Nikon itself, which is the so-called "original lens". For Nikon's body, we can also choose the lens produced by third-party companies such as Sigma, Longteng and Tuli. We call the lenses produced by non-Nikon original manufacturers "sub-lenses". Similarly, Canon and Pentax can not only use their own lenses, but also choose the matching lenses produced by Sigma, Longteng and Tuli. However, because most users who buy SLR only buy one camera, they may buy several lenses, and the profits of manufacturers are more reflected in lenses and related accessories, so manufacturers like Nikon and Canon, which can produce both cameras and lenses, can't wait for people all over the world to buy their own cameras and lenses. Therefore, it is difficult for sub-factories to get technical support from Nikon and Canon, so some products they design and produce often have some problems in compatibility. Coupled with manufacturing experience, quality control and other reasons, individual differences will be relatively large, that is to say, you may be lucky enough to buy a lens without problems, or you may be lucky enough to buy a lens without problems, or even change several lenses continuously. But overall, the lens quality of the vice factory has improved a lot. Apart from a few phenomena, there are many classic and excellent lenses worth buying. I will write the recommendation of the vice factory lens at the back.
2. According to the focal length, the traditional 135 lens is generally divided according to the focal length. The traditional classification is: 10- 17-35mm is super wide angle-mainly shooting scenery, especially big scenes, such as grassland, desert and sea, 17-35mm is wide angle-scenery, culture and shooting. The focal length of 85mm is especially considered as the best focal length for portrait shooting, so we can often see that a lens like 85mm F 1.8 is called portrait head. 50 mm-this focal length is said to be the most suitable for people to see, so it has become the standard focal length. We often refer to the 50 mm lens as the "head", which is the origin of it. But recently I read an article saying that 42mm is the real standard focal length. Well, I don't care so much. Since tradition calls it that, let's call it that first. 135-200mm- telephoto, suitable for close-ups of figures, lotus flowers, stage, etc. 135-200mm-, and telephoto is considered above. Generally only 200mm, but some people like to shoot wild animals and birds with a focal length of 300, 400 or even 600 mm. But those first batches are tens of thousands, which are not affordable for ordinary people. I haven't played with them, so I won't say it. Macro-a macro lens specially used to photograph insects, flowers and other small things. This focal length is special, but the kind is very simple. Nikon usually has two macro lenses, 60mm and 105mm, which will be discussed in detail later. I'm mainly talking about 10-200mm, which is the most common, commonly used and possibly the most troublesome lens choice. However, I want to emphasize one point in particular: the focal length mentioned above is the focal length of the traditional 135 camera. In fact, in the digital age, these focal lengths often need to be converted, and the focal length needs to be multiplied by a coefficient to be the real actual focal length. For example, Nikon's current SLR fuselage coefficient is 1.5, and different Canon models are different. D400 is 1.6. It is worth mentioning that the coefficients of Canon's 5D and Bunny's 1Ds MARK II are Quan Huafu's 1. So an 85MM F 1.4D Nikon lens, on a Nikon digital camera similar to D80, is actually the focal length of 85x 1.5 or 128MM, and so on. The existence of this coefficient has caused a great trouble, that is, the wide-angle focal length of 17-35mm on the traditional Nikon 135 camera has actually become a strange focal length of 26— 53MM on Nikon's digital SLR, and the wide angle is almost gone. This is why some people will buy 12-24 mm ultra-wide angle for digital SLR. (12-24 multiplied by the coefficient is just a very traditional standard 18-36 mm wide-angle focal length). This is one of the reasons why some people admire full-frame cameras like Canon 5D.
3. Other ways to divide the lens: fixed focus and zoom-this should be easy to understand. Fixed focus means that the focal length is constant. For example, Nikon's 105mm macro lens is 105mm fixed focus. Zooming means that the focal length can be adjusted. For example, Nikon's 17-35MM F2.8d lens can freely change the focal length between 17 and 35MM. . Dog's head, bull's head-this is what photographers call it. Most manufacturers say "economical and practical ordinary head" and "professional head with excellent imaging". There's actually nothing to say about this. After all, if manufacturers want to make money, it is impossible to have a good and cheap image. However, both Nikon and Canon have a good image and low price, that is, 50MM F 1.8. It is recognized that the heads of these two manufacturers are definitely worth buying.
After understanding the general classification of lenses and choosing your favorite body, please think about these issues before buying lenses. Of course, rich friends can completely ignore the following questions. : 1. What is your maximum budget? Don't read a few articles, just read a few poison stickers and raise the budget at will. Friends who have just started SLR had better start from practicality, otherwise buying a bull's head may not be able to exert its power and accumulate funds. 2. What do you shoot the most every day? Referring to what I wrote earlier, if you like taking portraits, choose a lens with a focal length of 35- 135. If you like to shoot scenery and travel, you should choose a wide angle with a focal length of 17-35. If you like to shoot lotus flowers and birds, you can consider a 200mm focal lens. 3. Is the imaging requirement high? This is a big problem. How to make a good image? There are many standards, and the related war of words has been played since the camera was produced. To put it simply: clear imaging, pure color, sharp focus, soft Jiao Wai and good level of detail. I think it's good to analyze this from the purpose of taking pictures. For example, just taking pictures for fun, the general lens is enough. If you want to engage in photography, advertising and shooting a bull's head, it is still necessary. 4. Will it be upgraded in half a year in the short term? Once in the pit of SLR, no one can live forever. Nikon is called a "mud pit" for a reason. I really haven't met anyone who bought a SLR body and didn't want to change or upgrade the lens. Therefore, when buying a lens, you may wish to consider whether you have the need to upgrade and consider the preservation of the lens.
Supplement: The characteristic of SLR lens is that it is more valuable, at least much more valuable than card cameras and mobile phones. Generally speaking, lenses with good quality, licensed products and warranty are used at about 90% of the original price. For example, you spend 7500 yuan to buy a Nikon 85mm F 1.4D, which looks like a bull's head. It is licensed and guaranteed. After using 10 month, the lens is fine, the color protection is good, and the package invoice is complete, which can sell for about 6500 yuan. Loss 1K yuan is regarded as depreciation in this year. It is more cost-effective to think about it. After all, this 10 month is a bull's head. Of course, some people say that this 7500 may earn 1K in a month, but after all, it is uncertain and risky. As long as the lens is good, as soon as the advertisement is posted in the second-hand market, the bull's head is asked almost immediately, and there is nothing to worry about if it can't be sold.
My personal suggestion: 1, try to shoot a good one within the budget, which will not only enable you to shoot a good one, but also facilitate upgrading and resale in the future, or transfer the recovered funds. Few people who play SLR don't want to change the lens. One of the joys of SLR is that it can change lenses. Therefore, it is recommended to buy a lens with good reputation and good imaging as much as possible for future use. 2. Be sure to buy a good photo of the focus segment you take most often. The shot segments that are not frequently shot can be temporarily ignored or invested less. I would rather buy an avatar with a good image than make do with it. In particular, some people deliberately bought a bunch of lenses in order to match the focal length of 17-200 when the money is not very abundant. As a result, they spent a lot of money, and none of them had a good imaging effect. 4. It is enough to buy a general wide-angle lens for shooting scenery, because most landscapes need a small aperture. In the case of a small aperture, the imaging of a general lens will be very good, so unless it is particularly necessary, there is generally no need to buy a wide-angle lens with a large aperture. 5, 35- 135 is the most frequently used medium focus, because taking commemorative photos, portraits and humanities are all in this medium focus. Especially, the focal length of 50MM and 85MM is almost the same person, because there is no need to shoot landscapes and insects and plants, but it is difficult not to shoot girlfriends, wives, children, friends and family, well, yes, PLMM. 6, telephoto suggests that people who really like telephoto buy it, because telephoto lenses are generally very heavy, and people who don't like it are generally reluctant to take out the heavy lens. Many people have bought telephoto lenses, and most of them still like medium focal lenses such as 24-70, 28-70 and 85 mm
Nikon's lenses have many grades, from a few hundred yuan at the low end to more than 10 thousand yuan at the high end. Newcomers often don't understand. Let me talk about how to make a simple judgment. Generally speaking, there are several basic reasons for the lens: 1, and fixed-focus imaging with the same focal length is better than zooming. This is because zooming should take into account the imaging quality of several focal segments, focusing is very simple, just do a focal segment well. 2. The bigger the aperture, the more expensive it is, and the more expensive the aperture is. The larger the aperture, the greater the technical difficulty and the higher the cost, so the lens with large aperture is commonly called "big eyes". Those big watery eyes are very attractive! Like "big eyes" means paying for bags. Alas, the taste is only for yourself ... 3. The heavier the lens, the better. It must be good for manufacturers to guide your boss (this sentence is almost nonsense, but it is true). Each lens has its own golden imaging aperture. Generally speaking, the imaging of F5.6/8/ 1 1 will be better. Different types of lenses have different optimal imaging apertures. We should know our own lens and try to take pictures with its focal length and aperture. 4, all brands of lenses, as long as they are zoom heads, and the constant aperture is definitely good, the bigger the constant aperture, the better. Nikon's civil zoom lens currently has a maximum constant aperture of 2.8. Nikon's zoom constant aperture is only 2.8, which is a bull's head. Otherwise, the constant aperture of zoom 2.8 means "cow change". When choosing a lens, you should first choose what you want to shoot according to what I wrote earlier. For example, if you want to take portraits and especially like to take close-ups, you can choose a zoom of 70-200. Nikon's famous AF-S VR 70-200mm2.8g IF-ED is a bull's head with a constant aperture of 2.8. 5. The maximum aperture of the fixed-focus lens can be opened to 1.4, which is a good start. At present, Nikon's common 50MM F 1.4D and 85MM F 1.4D are very good lenses, especially the 85MM F 1.4D is a portrait poison head. 6. There is no weak macro line. Because of design technology and other reasons, even small factories can make good macro lenses, so you can buy them with confidence. Macro lenses are basically not much different.
Ok, let me start with Nikon's high-end, tauren.
1, Nikon's zoom tauren Nikon AF-S DX 12-24mm F4G IF-ED lens reference price: 7000- ultra-wide king, almost perfect distortion control, super color, almost no shortcomings except high price, Nikon AF-S17-35mm f/2.8d. Except for the high price, there are some problems in preventing purple border glare in the digital age, and others have no shortcomings, such as good imaging, anti-distortion and good color. Nikon AF-S DX 17-55mm F2.8G IF-ED lens reference price: 10800- Nikon's new bull's head in the digital SLR era, specially optimized for digital fuselage. The imaging is better and the colors are more colorful, but it cannot support the full 135 camera. Nikon AF-S 28-70 mm F2.8IF-ED lens reference price: 10300- Mirror Emperor, once the best choice for Nikon's medium focus zoom, the imaging of each focal segment is very good, and it is still a constant F 2.8 large aperture. Nikon zoom one of the three musketeers. The problem in the digital age is that the purple edge phenomenon is more serious, but it is not a problem to deal with this problem with software in the digital age. Nikon AF-S VR 70-200mm2.8g IF-ED lens Reference price: RMB 12900- Xiaozhu gun, which is the most worthwhile zoom lens among Nikon lenses. A zoom super tauren with excellent imaging! Nikon zoom one of the three musketeers. There is nothing wrong with this head except its weight. There really isn't. When the aperture is fully open, all focal segments are good. Nikon is the only zoom lens that makes my mouth water.
2. Nikon fixed focus Niutou Nikon Ai AF 85mm F 1.4D IF lens reference price: 7300- portrait king, imaging is a typical sharp focus, Jiao Wai is soft, the color is good, and the purple edge problem is more prominent in the digital age. Nikon Ai AF 135mm F2 IF DC lens Reference price: 7800- Portrait King, Jiao Wai is better than 85MM F 1.4D IF, with more details. Nikon AF-S VR 105mm F2.8G IF-ED lens Reference price: 5500- Macro King, Nikon likes to shoot flowers.
Let's introduce Nikon's mid-range good lens. The prices of these lenses are relatively flat, and I personally think they are worth buying, because the imaging of these lenses is actually very good. Compared with similar lenses of other brands, the price is lower and the workmanship is better. This is also the place where I personally think Nikon is more kind.
1, Nikon's zoom camera Nikon AF 18-35mm F3.5-4.5D IF-ED lens reference price: 3250- the famous silver wide angle! Nikon's affordable and low-cost wide-angle lens. When shooting a landscape, we usually narrow the aperture and increase the depth of field, that is, to make the whole scene clear rather than fuzzy. Therefore, although this head can only reach an aperture of 3.5 at the focal length of 18MM, it is enough, because generally, F5.6/F8/f1is used for landscape shooting, and this head images well at F5.6, so that the constant aperture of 2.8 for golden wide angle mentioned above is not so necessary, on the contrary.
Nikon AF-SD X18-70mm F/3.5-4.5g IF-ED Reference Price: RMB 2200-This is actually the jacket of Nikon D70 and D70S fuselage, but it has become the first choice of many people because of its good imaging quality, practical focal length and excellent workmanship (metal interface with ultrasonic motor). Personally, I admire it very much. It's really a good start to buy!
Nikon AF-S DXVR18-200mm F3.5-5.6g IF-ED Reference price: 6800- A well-imaged lens can satisfy the desire of a mirror to travel all over the world, but it has been speculated by profiteers, and the current price is around 7K.
Nikon AF-S VR 55-200mm F4-5.6 G (IF) Lens Reference Price: 2,270 Nikon AF-S VR 70-300mm F4.5-5.6G IF-ED Lens Reference Price: More than 5,700 lenses are new and improved versions of the old models with VR function. Zoom has a large focal length, including medium focus and telephoto. The imaging is good and the price is cheap. It is the first choice for people who like to shoot people, birds, exhibitions and stages.
Nikon AF 80-200mm F2.8ED lens Reference price: 6900 famous small steel cannon. Excellent imaging, the constant aperture of 2.8 is actually a bull's head, but it's a pity that there is a small bamboo gun on it, so I wrote here, wronged. Compared with XZP, it only has no VR and IF functions, but the workmanship is great. It can be said that if you want to image a good zoom lens, you can only buy a small bamboo gun with this focal length.
2, Nikon's fixed focus good head Nikon AI AF 20mm2.8d lens reference price: 3570-a good wide-angle fixed focus head of Nikon, this head has perfect distortion control and near-perfect color, which is the first choice for wide-angle fixed focus. There is also a 24MM F2.8 head, which, to be honest, is not so good and the price is not cheap. As for the legendary 28mm F 1.4, it is too expensive to buy, and you can't buy it if you want. Nikon Ai AF 35mm F2D lens reference price: 2150-head first choice. In fact, you don't need to buy a zoom, just buy this head. It has excellent imaging, good color and large aperture, and is suitable for shooting in various occasions without drilling. Nikon Ai AF 50mm F 1.4D lens reference price: 1950- Compared with 50MM F 1.8D, the imaging is better if the aperture is larger, but the imaging is not as good as 50 mm f1.8d. Nikon's head is the first choice, and Nikon is one of the most worthwhile and cheapest lenses. Imaging is fleshy when the aperture is large. It is recommended to accept F2.8, and you will be satisfied. Nikon Ai AF micro 60mm F2.8D lens Reference price: 2750- cheap macro head, compared with 105MM F2.8G macro, the main weakness is that Jiao Wai is not so good, and it can't take into account portraits. Nikon Ai AF 85mm F 1.8D lens reference price: 2750- great portrait head! Compared with the aforementioned 85MM F 1.4, it's only a little worse in Jiao Wai, not much worse in other places, but the price is only one third of the former! Nikon AF 180mm2.8IF-ED lens Reference price: 5300- Good telephoto, large aperture, good imaging, second-hand price a little more than 3K, and higher cost performance. Nikon AF-S 300mm2.8IF-ED lens reference price: 7700-a bird killing weapon that ordinary people can afford, and the imaging is quite good except for the original factory. The macro lens, super wide angle and fixed focus lens in the vice factory lens are all good. I know that many people around me are using this kind of lens, and several zoom lenses of the vice factory also have good performance, and they are much cheaper than those of the original factory, which is worth considering.
This paper introduces several common factory lenses guaranteed by the factory:
1, Longteng: SPAF 90mm2.8di macro lens. Reference price: 307 1 Longteng's housekeeping lens is this SP90 macro lens, featuring good imaging, high definition, good color and taking into account portraits. There used to be an old macro of SP 90mm F2.8 with a reference price of 2280. Compared with the new version sold now, it is mainly the difference caused by DI coating process. As for whether it is worth it or not, I don't see much difference between them anyway, hehe.
2. Sigma: Sigma10-20mm F4-5.6 EX DC HSM lens. Reference price: 3750 The distortion control of this lens is ok, but the focal length is really too wide to be mastered. It is recommended to carefully consider the Sigma12-24 mm F 4.5-5.6 ex DG ASP HSM lens. Reference price: 4750 people think that the cost performance is not as high as that of Tuli, but the imaging is good. Sigma 30mm F 1.4 EX DC HSM lens. Reference price: 3 100 Individual differences often occur. However, the temptation of "big eyes" with a large aperture of F 1.4 is still great, and the imaging is really good. Sigma APO 70-200mm F2.8 EX DG macro HSM lens reference price: 6760 macro black, cost-effective, I think it is better to buy two hands of Nikon's small steel gun, which is about 4K. After all, who would use this cannon to go out for a day? It's safer to take a tripod when shooting macro. Suitable for the first two hands of 150MM F2.8 macro. I have seen 1K and sold it. Good imaging and high cost performance. This is a very good macro head.
3. Drawing power: Drawing power12-24 mm F4 IF (AT-X124 prodx) lens. Reference price: 3680 I have this lens myself, and the edge imaging distortion control is not as good as Nikon's 17-35, but the price is only 1/3, which is really high. Of course, I admire Nikon's wide-angle 20MM F2.8D fixed focus now. It's really a good wide-angle fixed focus. The new price is around 3600, and the second-hand price is generally around 2800. Tully 100 mm F2.8 macro AT-X M 100 Pro D lens reference price: 2250 Tully's macro head is as good as imaging, and macro is really not weak!
1. What fuselage should I buy? Nikon's main SLR bodies are D40/D40X, D80, D200 and D2XS. The D2XS is a professional machine, so the price of more than 20,000 won't be discussed. What most people are puzzled about is whether to choose Nikon SLR, D40X and D80 with10 megapixels or the more professional D200. Judging from the performance of the machine, it must be D200. After all, it is a quasi-professional SLR camera. But it is very important that those professional performances are of great use to themselves and whether they are what they need. D200 is equivalent to D80. The main advantage is that the magnesium-aluminum alloy of the fuselage is more durable-I still like it, but my hands are a little small. People who don't like lifting heavy objects don't like higher shutter speed, which can reach 1/8000 seconds-this is actually meaningless. Ordinary fans can't use such a fast shutter in their lifetime. Unless you like to shoot an apple all day, the continuous shooting speed is 5 rounds per second-D80 is 3 rounds per second, which is still useful for snapshots. If you like shooting, especially racing, it is worth considering. It is suggested that novices should not try to shoot their heads manually unless you have a complex of manual shots. Otherwise, the problem of inaccurate focus will make you depressed for a long time. The main advantages of D200 and D80 are these four points, and the other is the difference between modeling and memory card. The D80' s current fuselage price is around 6500, except that the above three points are weaker than the D200, and other performances are similar. Now the price of D40X has also been reduced, but many functions have been simplified, especially the cancellation of the body motor, which makes it difficult for non-DX lenses such as 50MM F 1.8 to achieve autofocus on D40X, which is a troublesome thing. Which fuselage to choose actually depends on your own preferences and budget. These three bodies are all good, with high, medium and low coverage. 2. Practical case: How to allocate the budget with only 1 10,000 yuan? When I bought the D80, I only had a budget of 65,438+0,000 yuan, and the price of the D80 was relatively high at that time. The fuselage 7200 has only 1 lens and 18-35mm f 3.5-4.5 silver wide angle. Because it was mainly tourism at that time. Later, in order to participate in some outdoor shooting activities, PLMM successively added fixed-focus lenses with focal lengths of 50mm, 85mm, 135mm and 180mm and zoom lenses with a length of 28-70 mm. My personal experience is that you can enjoy changing lenses without buying them one by one, and you can gradually understand what you like to shoot through continuous use. Targeted purchase of lenses is the most ideal. For those friends who have already entered the door of 10,000 yuan Nikon SLR, it is recommended to consider D80 for the fuselage, because its function is very good, the price is 3K cheaper than D200, and the accessories are also cheap. For example, the price of SD card 4G of D80 is 3 10 yuan, and CF card 4G of D200 is at least 600. SD card stores a lot of digital devices. Buying an SD card can reduce waste. If you like to travel, please buy the original Nikon 18-35mm F3.5-4.5 silver wide-angle lens. It is economical and imaging, and it is a very valuable wide-angle lens. Digital SLR has a coefficient problem, so the actual focal length of 18-35 on D80 is 27-43mm. Friends who feel that it is not wide enough can consider 12-24mm F4 of Tuli or 10-20 of Shima. I like to take portraits, or buy a SLR just to take pictures of my girlfriend, wife and family. For example, my children's friends can consider buying Nikon's 85MM F 1.8D and 50MM F 1.8D, both of which are good portrait heads. The focal length of 50MM is 75mm after conversion, which is more suitable for indoor shooting. This tour can be filmed outdoors. 85mm is about 135mm after conversion, which is more suitable for outdoor shooting, and it is good for bust and close-up. Friends who want to take care of tourists have a plan. They can consider buying a Nikon/KOOC-0/8-/KOOC-0/35mm camera lens, which is also a D80 camera lens, and they can get a D80 camera directly after buying it. The price is 8500 in Beijing and 8300 in Guangzhou. This lens imaging is not bad, suitable for shooting landscapes, portraits and so on. Another option is to buy Nikon's D40X body with DX series lenses. Note that it's not a DX lens, so it can't focus automatically.
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