What is the cause of urinary incontinence in pregnant women? Prevention and treatment of urinary incontinence?

Many people may have experienced urinary incontinence. Urinary incontinence is a common urinary system disease, that is, they can't control their urination. Of course, different people have different reasons. Many pregnant women are prone to urinary incontinence during pregnancy, and sometimes they are embarrassed. What is the reason for urinary incontinence? Prevention and treatment of urinary incontinence?

1. Definition of urinary incontinence

Urinary incontinence means that when you don't want to urinate (you can't control yourself) or you don't urinate, the urine will involuntarily leak out, which will affect your daily life or cause social and health habits problems.

Pregnancy and childbirth can easily lead to urinary incontinence

During pregnancy, hormonal changes and changes in physiological and anatomical positions, coupled with the continuous increase in the weight of the fetus in the uterus, cause considerable pressure on the muscles located in the pelvis, and even cause incomparable damage to pelvic supporting tissues around the birth canal and female private parts during childbirth.

During pregnancy, women's pelvic supporting tissues tend to be fragile, malleable and vulnerable to trauma due to the influence of pregnancy hormones, such as lutein, estrogen and relaxin.

Heredity itself, such as connective tissue and mechanical force during pregnancy, will cause damage to the pelvic floor of pregnancy itself.

According to the degree of these injuries, most of them will return to normal after pregnancy and delivery, but some of them will cause irreversible changes and lead to pelvic floor dysfunction in the future, especially if the interval between pregnancy and delivery is too short, the labor process is too intense or the number of pregnancies is too high.

No matter whether a woman gives birth in private parts or by caesarean section, it will damage the pelvic floor nerve. Although the injury caused by caesarean section seems to be less, pregnancy and the inheritance of pelvic structure have more influence on the pelvic floor dysfunction in the future than the mode of production.

In addition, according to pelvic ultrasound examination, it can be found that the support of the bladder neck of pregnant women is obviously reduced, and urodynamic examination can also find that the urethral atresia pressure of pregnant women is obviously reduced and the functional urethral length is shortened.

This leads to the urinary incontinence that women involuntarily leak out when coughing, sneezing and suddenly exerting force during pregnancy and postpartum.

2. Diagnosis of urinary incontinence

During the diagnosis and treatment, the doctor will first know the symptoms and medical history, and then make a detailed internal diagnosis to see if there are any neuropathy or prolapsed tumor, etc. In addition, he will arrange urine and blood sugar tests, and if necessary, he will arrange bladder urodynamics tests to determine the cause, type and degree of urinary incontinence as an important basis for treatment.

3. Treatment of urinary incontinence

Generally speaking, severe urinary incontinence and pelvic muscle relaxation must be treated by surgery, but women with moderate and mild urinary incontinence and pelvic relaxation can be improved by non-invasive and dangerous non-surgical treatment;

that is, pelvic floor muscle exercise training, also known as Kegel exercise, which is commonly known as anus contraction or anus lifting exercise.

Kegel exercise-a health exercise that makes women more fortunate (sexually)

Kegel exercise is a contraction exercise of women's pelvic floor muscles and is the most important first-line conservative treatment for urinary incontinence. The pelvic floor muscles are the same as other muscles, and exercise can make them strong.

The main purpose of this pelvic muscle movement is to strengthen the muscles that control urination at the pelvic floor through correct and regular movement.

Although the principle of Kegel exercise is very simple, patients also have the motivation and compliance to learn, but whether the contraction of pelvic floor muscles can be correctly mastered and sustained is the important key to affect the effect.

Because pelvic floor muscles are very abstract, unlike limb muscles, they are invisible and difficult to touch. Before training, we must first find the correct position of pelvic floor muscles.

more than 3% ~ 6% people can't contract pelvic muscles correctly at the initial stage of training, and most of the common mistakes are to replace pelvic floor muscles with contraction of abdominal muscles, gluteal muscles or medial thigh muscles.

If you can't contract correctly, it will easily lead to more serious symptoms, or you will give up training because you can't improve it. Generally, you will feel the correct pelvic floor muscle position by the methods of urine flow interruption, female private part palpation, anal finger palpation or holding your breath and farting.

The main principle is that pelvic floor muscle training, like other physical therapies, strengthens pelvic floor muscles by the patient's active contraction, and also strengthens the strength of urethral sphincter.

When the pelvic muscles contract strongly, it will produce a locking effect, which can prevent urine leakage caused by cough and sudden increase of abdominal pressure. Further training can make muscle hypertrophy, increase the external pressure of urethra, improve the supporting force of pelvic floor and improve the symptoms of pelvic floor organ prolapse.

According to clinical research reports at home and abroad, if it can last for more than three months correctly and regularly, the cure rate of urinary incontinence can reach more than 8%.

At the same time, because the most important muscle group in the pelvic floor is pubic caudal muscle, which is called PC muscle group for short, and some people call it love muscle group, if there is a strong PC muscle group, women's loose private parts caused by postpartum can regain their tightness, enjoy a happy sexual response and prevent urinary incontinence in the future!

Physiological feedback method

With the help of physiological feedback instrument, it is easier for patients to master the correct pelvic floor muscle contraction, which can improve the curative effect of pelvic floor muscle contraction.

The so-called physiological feedback refers to the use of electronic or mechanical tools to correctly evaluate the normal or abnormal activities of the patient's nerves, muscles and autonomic nerves, and give back to the patient by sound or vision.

When using computer software, the effect of training can be tracked. This physiological feedback can not only master the correct contraction, but also improve the patient's interest and sense of accomplishment.

Using the physiological feedback method will increase the success rate of pelvic floor muscles from 54% to 92%. With Kaigl, a simple, easy-to-learn and effective exercise, you can do it anytime and anywhere, whether you are sitting, lying or standing.

I believe that as long as we learn the correct methods and keep practicing, the disturbing symptoms of urinary incontinence, female private parts relaxation and uterine bladder ptosis will certainly be improved, and at the same time, the sexual happiness index between husband and wife will be improved!

external magnetic wave chair therapy

external magnetic wave chair therapy is the latest treatment for urinary incontinence. Magnetic waves penetrate the pelvic cavity, activate the nerves in the pelvis that control defecation and urination, and then promote the contraction and coordination of pelvic floor muscles, so as to achieve the function of treating frequent urination, urinary incontinence and dysuria.

Generally, a course of treatment is prescribed by a specialist after diagnosis, and the course of treatment will be set according to the individual needs of patients. The treatment time is about 2 minutes each time, and the course of treatment is about 8-9 weeks. Usually, people with urinary leakage can feel improvement after one month of treatment, and the best effect can be achieved after two months of treatment.

Surgical treatment

Conservative treatment focuses on strengthening pelvic floor muscle strength, which will be improved if it is carried out for a long time, patiently and correctly, but rarely achieves a cure or a completely dry result; Surgical treatment is the fastest and most effective treatment for patients with poor conservative treatment or severe urinary incontinence.

Traditional female urinary incontinence surgery

In the past, there were more than 1 kinds of operations commonly used to treat urinary incontinence, but only female private part suspension and traditional sling stood the test of time and had a stable success rate.

Generally, the hospital stay is about 2 ~ 7 days, which requires 4 ~ 6 periods of rest, but both of them are invasive operations with large wounds and have a high proportion of serious complications.

In the past, patients' acceptance of urinary incontinence surgery was low, such as difficulty in urination after operation, bladder injury, wound pain, frequent urgency, etc., and it was also a big test and challenge for doctors who performed the surgery!

4. Tips

Pregnancy and childbirth can't completely avoid hurting the pelvic floor, but if we can reduce unnecessary trauma as much as possible in the production process, and properly practice the levator ani exercise (pelvic floor exercise), we can avoid doing heavy labor or strenuous exercise.

Proper hormone supplementation after menopause can avoid serious pelvic floor dysfunction. Once these symptoms occur, women's urology specialists should be sought for correct diagnosis and treatment.

5. Diagnostic methods of urinary incontinence

1. Clinical symptoms: generally divided into three levels. The first level: urinary incontinence only occurs when coughing, sneezing or lifting heavy objects under severe stress; Level 2: incontinence only occurs under mild stress such as walking, standing and shopping; Level 3: Urinary incontinence will occur in any activity or posture.

2. X-ray examination: when taking cystourethrography, it will be found that the bladder and urethra droop, which is lower than the pubic bone, while the lateral cystourethrography can find that the angle increases, which makes the bladder and urethra suffer from uneven force and leak urine.

3. Urodynamic examination: 3% patients suffer from unstable bladder disease. When the bladder is stimulated, there will be urgent urinary incontinence, and they can't hold their urine. During the examination of urethral pressure map, it will be found that when the urethra is forced, the pressure is less than the bladder pressure, the pressure of urethral atresia is reduced, and the functional length of sphincter is shortened.