The Application of pyrogallic acid in Various Industries

Widely used in fine chemical industry, new photosensitive materials, food preservation, new drugs for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, anti-tumor drugs, Alzheimer's drugs, mental disorders drugs, textile printing and dyeing, daily chemical industry, color printing and plate making, microelectronics industry, rare metal analysis, gas analysis, photographic development and other industries to absorb carbon monoxide. 1. In photography, pyrogallic acid is a very old developer. Pyrogallic acid's development speed is fast, and it can still develop excellent images at high temperature and high PH value, which is its development characteristic.

2. In the plastic industry, pyrogallic acid can be condensed with formaldehyde to make oxidation and reduction exchange resin. It is an important pioneering work in the chemical industry to use it for oxidation and reduction reactions.

3. In the national defense industry, pyrogallic acid and lead salt are used as stabilizers in rocket fuel, which can make the combustion stable and normal and avoid explosion or flameout.

4. In the dye industry, pyrogallic acid is used to manufacture azo dyes, anthraquinone dyes and xanthene dyes. Yellow-brown dye can be obtained by condensation of pyrogallic acid with dihydroxy benzene sulfone, which is an excellent dye for fur and leather dyeing.

5. In petroleum industry, pyrogallic acid can quickly remove mercaptan from gasoline in alkaline solution, which is the simplest and most economical method in the process of gasoline sweetening.

6. In pharmaceutical industry, pyrogallic acid can be used as an antioxidant stabilizer to produce coenzyme Q 10, a new drug for treating cardiovascular diseases and viral hepatitis, an important auxiliary material for treating tinea, and an important intermediate for synthesizing trimethoprim for treating angina pectoris and naofukang for treating senile dementia.

7. pyrogallic acid is also used in some metal anticorrosion coatings, which can enhance the corrosion resistance and cohesiveness of coatings. Pyrogallic acid can form a solid film after chelation with iron on the metal surface, so it can inhibit oxidation.

8. pyrogallic acid can also be used in transgenic engineering. Agrobacterium tumefaciens is widely used in transgenic engineering, especially in the genetic transformation of early dicotyledonous plants. The mechanism of Agrobacterium-mediated method was deeply studied, and the role of phenolic compounds such as pyrogallic acid in introducing foreign genes into plant cells was found. In particular, Hiei and others of Japan Tobacco Company have made remarkable progress in the application of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in rice genetic transformation, and have also been successfully applied in monocotyledonous plants. Compared with other methods, the advantages of Agrobacterium-mediated method are that the transferred gene is often a single copy, so the expression level is high, and large DNA fragments (up to 150Kb) can be transferred, and expensive instruments are not needed. 1. In chemical analysis, it is a deoxidizer for gas such as coal gas, flue gas, coking gas and water gas, so it is an indispensable deoxidizing analytical reagent for nitrogen fertilizer, coking, smelting and petrochemical industries.

2. Used as a strong reducing agent in the analysis of gold, silver and mercury salts.

3. pyrogallic acid can be used as a thermosensitive agent for infrared photography. Iron stearate and pyrogallic acid were dissolved in ethyl cellulose ethanol solution and fixed on the film base as a heat-sensitive latex film. After drying, a layer of photosensitive silver chloride emulsion film with very small concentration is coated on it. After infrared exposure, there is no need for wet development, and then a weak photo can be shown on the film. After heat treatment, the dark blue phase is finally displayed. This is a very important photography in national defense.

4. Using pyrogallic acid instead of phenol as epoxy resin has better performance than ordinary epoxy resin.

5. pyrogallic acid can be used as polymerization inhibitor and antioxidant in polymer chemistry. For example, it is used as an antioxidant in styrene-butadiene synthetic rubber; Adding 0.5 ~ 1% pyrogallic acid to chloroprene rubber vulcanizing agent can effectively prevent premature vulcanization; Adding 1.0 ~ 1.5% pyrogallic acid to polyisoprene rubber can effectively inhibit the oxidative degradation of rubber and improve its processability.

6. Before the reaction, the PVC polymerizer was coated with pyrogallic acid-containing ethanol solution with the dosage of 8.8g/m2 and dried, which could reduce the scaling of PVC on the inner wall of the polymerizer and make the inner wall of the polymerizer as bright as ever. The scale in untreated kettle can reach 225g/m2.

7. Because pyrogallic acid is an excellent oxygen absorber, it can be used in food processing and food preservation. For example, pyrogallic acid, K2CO3 and activated carbon are evenly mixed according to the ratio of 1: 2.5: 2.5, wrapped with cloth or other porous substances, packed in food packaging bags, and sealed, so that oxygen in the bags can be quickly absorbed, and food spoilage can be prevented. In addition, antioxidants used in food packaging or synthetic resins usually contain pyrogallic acid.

8. When pyrogallic acid is mixed with anthracene dye, it can react under appropriate conditions to generate a chemical substance that can emit light like a firefly, and its luminosity is quite strong.

9. Adding a proper amount of pyrogallic acid into neutral electroplating solution can not only enhance the bonding force between the coating and the metal, but also improve the corrosion resistance of the coating. For example, when pyrogallic acid is used in the aluminum electroplating process, the electroplating material can be very bright and smooth. Pyrogallic acid can also be added to the electrolytic cell for zinc and manganese electroplating to improve the quality of electroplating products.

The plastic products made of 10, pyrogallic acid and furfural have high black luster, strong texture, excellent heat resistance and electric decomposition performance, which can replace some metals and can also be used as advanced electrical insulation materials;

1 1, pyrogallic acid is also an important auxiliary material for the production of dinitrodiazophenol, which is listed in the national production standard of dinitrodiazophenol.

12, pyrogallic acid is used for gravimetric determination of bismuth and antimony, and used as reducing agent of phosphomolybdtungstic acid; Pyrogallic acid is used for the color reaction of No2, Mo, No, Ti, Bi, Ce, Cn, Ag, V, Fe and C 13 in colorimetric determination.

13, pyrogallic acid is easily oxidized and discolored, and is often used for dyeing leather and hair. For example, the mordant dye red-violet essence is obtained from pyrogallic acid through electrolytic oxidation, hydrolysis and other processes; Hair dye made of p-phenylenediamine (0. 105%), m-aminophenol (0. 18%), pyrogallic acid (0.0 15%), water (90.8%) and other additives has the advantages of rapidness, uniformity and no damage to hair.

14, pyrogallic acid can be used for radioactive element capture and mineral flotation. For example, pyrogallic acid and formaldehyde are condensed in aqueous solution at 85℃ ~ 90℃ to make phenolic resin, which can be used to separate radioactive elements Ge68 and Ga67. Pyrogallic acid and other substances can be used to synthesize various fiber materials, which contain components that can form complexes with metals, and are used to extract heavy metals and rare earth metals from aqueous solutions.

15, pyrogallic acid can be used to treat tinea versicolor, psoriasis, lupus erythematosus and other skin diseases. For example, β-(3,4,5-trimethylphenyl) propionitrile is often used as a bactericide, and N- alkyl-or N- aminoalkyl-3,4,5-trimethoxyaniline is effective as a surgical therapeutic agent.

16, pyrogallic acid is the main raw material for synthesizing pesticides and insecticides.

17, pyrogallic acid is the best reagent for the determination of COD in wastewater under strong acid conditions.

Phenolic hydroxyl groups on pyrogallic acid are easily methylated. The methylated product of pyrogallic acid, 1, 2,3-trimethoxybenzene, is an important intermediate for preparing trimethoxybenzoxazine, an anti-angina drug.

19. pyrogallic acid can also prepare chemical intermediates such as 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzophenone, 2,2', 3,4-tetrahydroxybenzophenone, which are being widely used in various high-tech fields.

Among them, 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzophenone has a wide range of uses, which can be used to manufacture high-definition photoresist, drugs, pharmaceutical intermediates, printing and dyeing AIDS, ultraviolet absorbers, food industry antioxidants, color imaging AIDS and biological fields. Drugs produced by using it as an intermediate can treat bleeding and ulcers; It can react with naphthoquinone diazide to generate photosensitive substances, which are used for optical imaging.