On the Works of the Author of The Old Man and the Sea

The Old Man and the Sea is a novella written by Hemingway in Cuba on 195 1 and published on 1952. This is one of Hemingway's most famous works. Next, I recommend the introduction of The Old Man and the Sea for you, hoping to help you!

Ernest the Old Man and the Sea Author? m？ Ernest miller hemingway, an American writer and journalist, is regarded as one of the most famous novelists in the 20th century. Oak Parker was born in Chicago, Illinois, USA, and committed suicide at his home in ketchum, Idaho in his later years. Hemingway had a complicated life and was married four times. Is it America? The lost generation? (The Lost Generation), a representative figure among writers, shows confusion and hesitation about life, the world and society in his works.

Hemingway won many awards in his life. He was awarded the Silver Medal of Courage during World War I; 1953 won the Pulitzer Prize for the book The Old Man and the Sea [1]; 1954 the old man and the sea won the Nobel Prize in Literature for Hemingway. 200 1 Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises and A Farewell to Arms were included in the American Modern Library? 100 the best English novels of the 20th century? Medium.

Hemingway has always been known as a tough guy in the literary world, and he is a spiritual monument of the American nation. Hemingway's works mark the formation of his unique creative style and occupy an important position in the history of American literature and even the history of world literature.

The Old Man and the Sea is set in Cuba in the middle of the 20th century. The protagonist is an old fisherman named San Diego, and the supporting role is a child named Manorine. The old fisherman, who is in his twilight years, has not caught a fish for 84 days in a row, but he still refuses to give up. Instead, he was full of the spirit of struggle, and finally caught a marlin 18 feet long and weighing 1,500 pounds on the 85th day. The big fish dragged the boat to the sea, but the old man still clung to it. Even without water, food, weapons and assistants, he is not discouraged at all. After two days and two nights, he finally killed the big fish and tied it to the boat. But many sharks immediately came to snatch his trophy. He killed them one by one, leaving only a broken tiller as a weapon. As a result, big fish can't escape the fate of being eaten up. Finally, the old man dragged back a pair of fish bones exhausted. He went home to lie in bed and had to look for the good old days from his dreams to forget the cruel reality.

On the Theme of The Old Man and the Sea

The old man paid a heavy price for every victory and was finally irretrievably defeated. However, in another sense, he is a winner. Because he didn't give in to fate, he fought bravely with his courage, perseverance and wisdom no matter how hard the environment was. The marlin was not saved, but he defended it? The dignity of the human soul? , display? To what extent can a person's ability be achieved? , is a successful loser, a failed hero. Such a one? Tough guy? The image is a typical Hemingway novel character.

Hemingway created a series of works? Tough guy? Image. Most of them are boxers, matadors, fishermen, hunters, soldiers and other low-level figures. They live in poverty and suffer setbacks repeatedly, but they always maintain vigorous vitality and strong willpower, and always maintain human dignity and courage. In them, they have indomitable, firm and tenacious, fearless in the face of violence and death, and unyielding in adversity. As Sean O'Flynn said: What is the theme of For Whom the Bell Tolls? Humanity, effort and struggle, pursuit and pain, faith and struggle, stubbornness and values, intelligence and destiny, courage and boldness, dignity and soul. Even if you fail, be honest and open, without losing the weight of others? Charm? . Whether in prosperity or adversity, nature or society, people should face up to reality, accept everything, transcend everything and continue their life journey. Even in the face of death, we should be indifferent, not yield. This is the essence of life that Santiago insists on and the philosophical flash of The Old Man and the Sea. Hemingway's series? Tough guy? The theoretical and ideological basis of image is action philosophy. It mainly takes the action of the subject as the way of expression, and expresses its rich connotation with the behavior and action of the subject. What he reveals is that the eternal vitality of body and spirit comes from the driving force of constant movement, and emphasizes forging valuable souls in deep action. They show their courage, calmness, decisiveness, tenacity and subjective consciousness of not being afraid of any powerful forces by actions. What is the truth they follow? Fate is always against people, and no matter how hard people try, they will inevitably fail. Nevertheless, people still have to work hard to maintain their dignity. He can be defeated physically, but he will always be a strong man mentally. ? [2]

Santiago, an old man in The Old Man and the Sea, struggled at sea for three days and was finally dragged to the coast by a huge fishbone shelf. In fact, the old man is the winner who gets nothing. And in the future, people can't believe that this exhausted old man can overcome the raging sea. In Hemingway's view, life is a war that cannot be won, just like an old man's painting? The old sail mended with many flour bags looks like a flag that will never fall? . But the old man never stopped acting. It is a kind of pursuit in the face of great sadness, death and failure, which is also tenacious and persistent. From it, we can see the dignity and great spiritual strength of the poet Santiago, which brings readers a strong aesthetic effect: it makes us deeply realize the contradiction between the finiteness of human life and the infinity of human pursuit. Who doesn't suffer some setbacks and failures on the road of life? Is this the time to surrender? Or work hard? The enlightenment from Santiago is that positive progress and action are indomitable actions in the face of inevitable failure, and the value and significance of life lies in the action itself. So Hemingway found a soul for his beloved tough guy, and this soul is the eternal value of human beings? A tragic and noble struggle against fate. What Santiago shows is a profound and strong sense of life tragedy, which is a modern echo of the tragic spirit of ancient Greece. Although Hemingway's characters are all tragic, do they have Nietzsche? Superman? Quality, accepting failure calmly, facing death bravely, these? Tough guy? It embodies Hemingway's philosophy of life and moral ideal, that is, human beings never bow to fate, never give up, and have a positive and optimistic attitude towards life. Hemingway used symbolic fables to show us the eternal self-verification consciousness of human beings across time and space. [2]

skill

language

Among Hemingway's writing skills, he formed a unique writing style with the simplicity, vividness and strength of dialogue, the cleanliness of rhetoric and the naturalness of rhyme. Hemingway's language and image are vivid and concrete, but the theme is implicit, and the words and deeds of the characters in the novel can often be expressed only by epigram language. His painting style is natural and natural, without affectation or deliberate rendering and generalization, but he can sharply depict the inner world of the characters, which fully embodies the naturalistic painting techniques. The old man and the sea is neither subtle nor subtle, but simple and plain, which opens up the description space of the novel, enriches the literary meaning of the novel and makes people have a kind of? People with real feelings have real views on things? The feeling. Holst Romm, an academician of the Swedish College of Literature, praised Hemingway. The Old Man and the Sea is an extremely powerful and concise work with irresistible beauty. ? [4]

Vertical structure

He adopted a vertical structure, that is, among many fishermen, the old man is Santiago, the hero of his novel, and he chose a very lovely child, Manorine, as his companion. He chose a series of plots to be developed in two days according to the natural time and space order. In this way, many things were actually cut off, but the readers were allowed to finish it themselves. Kill many birds with one stone? The artistic effect is profound. On the one hand, it embodies the theme of his works:? People are not born to be defeated. You can destroy him as much as possible, but you can't beat him. ? Is this his pen? Tough guy? Reflected by images? Grace under pressure? .

Spoke layout

The whole time of the novel is very tight, only four days before and after: the day before going out to sea, with the old man's return from the sea as the introduction, people around him appear one by one and explain their relationship with the old man: Manorine, a child who loves him and learns to fish with him; A group of fishermen who respect him but can never understand him; A hotel owner who cares about him. Old people live in such a personality group. By contrast, he is obviously different from others. He is an optimistic, open-minded, experienced, confident, hardworking, brave, adventurous, simple and passionate Cuban fisherman. At the same time, this spoke structure can also produce clear clues, focused centers and concise stories.

A sense of rhythm with alternating priorities

Hemingway once said this when discussing rhythm. The book started slowly, but gradually picked up the pace, which was unbearable. I always make my emotions unbearable for readers, and then settle down. Isn't it just to prepare an oxygen shed for them? This novel gives people such a sense of rhythm. When the story begins to explain to us the relationship between the old man and the people around him, it is slow, and with the progress of the old man's navigation, the speed is gradually accelerated. When the old man confronted marlin and shark head-on, the speed reached the extreme. Especially when the fish are constantly struggling and fluctuating, sharks are violently attacking and the old man is very tired.

sign

The meaning of the sea in western literature is rich and colorful, whether it is a pure and amiable girl or an evil devil. In The Old Man and the Sea, the sea is described as a woman. In the process of old people fishing, the sea always flows quietly and slowly; Even if the shark ate the old man's fish, the sea was still so calm. She always gazes calmly, confidently and equally? Tough guy? Like an old man? Santiago. Describe the sea as a woman, who is gentle in appearance, but has infinite power. She has an unheard-of marlin and a ferocious and greedy shark. She is really unfathomable. This is the real sea, and it really shows that she is weak in appearance but strong in heart. Really? Explain that the external weakness is humble, but the internal has extraordinary perseverance and fighting spirit. Real tough guy? . [5]

Who is the hero of the novel, Santiago? Real tough guy? , is it? Life hero? A symbol of. Facing all kinds of difficulties, dare to challenge the limits of human life. He has tenacious perseverance. After 84 days at sea, he found nothing. On the 85th day, he still went to sea. After a long wait, he finally saw hope on the 85th day? Meet a marlin; He is full of fighting spirit, fighting hard with marlin for three days and nights, and fighting bravely with sharks; He has perseverance. He dares to overcome all kinds of difficulties in adversity. These spirits of the old man are eternal. Even if he dies, his spirit will exist forever, and the sleeping body can't stop the tenacious spirit from confronting the world. Through the description of Santiago, The Old Man and the Sea praised that human beings have strong willpower and will not give in to failure. [5]

Marlin plays a vital role in this novel, as Bai said. Without marlin, The Old Man and the Sea is not Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea. ? After the old man waited for a long time of 84 days, the big marlin appeared, which gave the old man a reward for his long wait and satisfied his wish. Marlin was young and strong, but the old man's strong willpower finally defeated Marlin. In the hearts of the elderly, Marin is a symbol of ideal things, a beautiful ideal and a goal to pursue. This symbolizes that human beings have experienced many hardships in the long journey, but they are still full of hope for the future. It is with this belief and ideal that they have guided mankind through a long time and created countless miracles and a better life. [5]

Sharks represent all destructive forces, a collection of destructive forces that prevent people from achieving their ideals and goals, and a symbol of various evil forces. Hemingway completed this novel with high aesthetic value and significance in only eight weeks. This novel was written in the 1950s, when the Cuban people's movement for national independence and national liberation had gradually reached its climax. In Hemingway's works, the hero Santiago is no longer a simple fisherman, but one of the representatives of people living in Cuba's miserable bottom society. Sharks are symbols of those colonialists and poor real life. In order to change the status quo, people have to fight against evil forces. All this fully shows the indomitable willpower and indomitable spiritual strength of the Cuban people, vividly shows the great spirit of human struggle against evil forces to the end, and highlights the human being? Real tough guy? Personality characteristics of. [5]

The lion image has a unique position in The Old Man and the Sea, which is divided into five parts. Although there is not much pen and ink, the author does not exaggerate it, but its role can not be underestimated: it is like five pearls embedded in a chain, connecting the psychological changes of the elderly; It connects the context and makes the structure of the novel more rigorous; It is closely connected with the plot, and, like other images, sets off the spiritual world of the elderly, which is of great significance to shaping a vivid, lively and plump character image. Where is the novel? The old man in dream of the lion? Finally, it explains the important position of the lion image in the works. Compared with other images, the lion does not have the tenderness and passion of the sea, the greed and fierceness of sharks, and the perseverance and patience of marlin, but the lion has its own unique self-confidence and majesty, which is heartfelt and awe-inspiring. This image enriches the spiritual world of the elderly. Just as the old man goes out to sea again and again to prove himself and meet the challenges of life, the image of the lion is also the psychological and spiritual preparation for the old man to go out to sea again, and this dream lion has formed an organic connection with a dream lion. The old man went to sea many times, which proved that he had a knot in his heart. There is a rule in psychological activities: knots with similar contents will combine with each other to form a bigger and bigger knot. This inextricable complex is the unfulfilled wish of the old man. Where else? Deep in the subconscious? And then what? Subconscious desires exert pressure on all subsequent psychological tendencies, but these psychological tendencies have to yield to this pressure or channel this pressure to a higher goal. The old man obviously chose the latter, and he didn't want to admit his failure. He believes that through his continuous efforts, he can finally prove his value.

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