A Brief Introduction to Popper's Aesthetics in 1960s

This paper mainly discusses the emergence and development of pop art and its influence on the society at that time. Pop art is the product of modern scientific and technological revolution, which has an indissoluble bond with machine civilization. The artistic behavior of new pop artists more embodies the synthesis and compound of art.

Since the beginning of the 20th century, cubism and expressionism have split from post-impressionism. Modern art in the first half of the 20th century can be classified as abstract art, although there are many schools. However, since 1950s, as a special reflection of abstract art, pop art appeared (some people translated it as "pop art", which is inaccurate), and finally developed from neo-Dadaism to pop movement in 1960s, and became popular all over the world.

Pop artists believe that abstraction brings art into a subjective and self-centered situation, separating art from living environment: after the war, abstract expressionism escaped the pressure of urban civilization and held a negative attitude towards mechanized and inhuman consumer civilization. They want to do the opposite, facing "life", facing mechanical civilization and facing consumer civilization, and they advocate that artists use familiar images to express their living environment.

Pop art is concrete. The appearance of pop art marks the beginning of western modernism losing its early edge, from abstraction to concrete self-denial stage. Pop school has an indissoluble bond with machine civilization. In a sense, it is the product of modern scientific and technological revolution. In order to survive and develop, machine civilization must be able to produce low-cost products to meet the needs of the public. Due to mass production, these products are standardized, and their promotion must rely on the power of mass media (TV, newspapers, printed matter) to have an impact on society. In the western world, this advertising technique must be novel, lively and sexy in order to arouse the attention of viewers and readers and arouse their desire for consumption. In the west, everything, such as typewriters, vacuum cleaners, telephones, televisions, etc. It has become a tool used by the public. Inspired by these phenomena, pop art takes popular, low-cost, mass-produced and popular objects, as well as newly invented, handsome, sexy and large-scale enterprise-oriented communication images as its theme. They claim that the value of art can be found in anything, even in the rubbish in the street. Robert Lauschenger, a pop painter, said: "I regret that some people think soap boxes, mirrors and coca-cola bottle are ugly because they are surrounded by these objects all day and think that making them has caused their misfortune." The Pop School believes that from an aesthetic point of view, there is no "poor object" in the world, and all objects are beautiful.

Contrary to abstract art, pop art refuses to perceive and describe phenomena. It uses a lot of ready-made things (all common things in secular life, such as broken cars, faded photos, posters, broken boxes, broken shoes, old tires, old engines, bathtubs, wooden barrels, cans, rags, etc. ) through collage, paint splashing, modeling and strange combination, his works are bright and dazzling. The slogan of pop art is: "Art is art, and life is life!" It means that any art in the past can't express the real ordinary and ordinary daily life, because "art and life are really two different things." Therefore, in order to truly "express" life, we must break with all artistic means in the past (including all modernism before the new Dadaism since the 20th century). In this way, pop art has gone from the other extreme (as the opposite of abstraction) to anti-art, by organizing a certain daily life environment (such as putting waste products into galleries, nailing wrapping paper on the snow-white walls of exhibition halls, collaging old newspapers and posters in metal frames, and recording all kinds of noises in daily life into tapes, which is called music works), giving daily objects the characteristics of works of art and making reality directly enter art, pop art theorists claim that every item. They believe that if an object leaves the original use situation and enters a new combination and interconnection, it will lose its original meaning and gain artistic characteristics. Their theory has certain rationality. Indeed, why can beautifully shaped daily utensils (such as bottles) be appreciated as works of art under certain conditions, but waste products cannot be directly converted into works of art under certain conditions just because they are ugly and shabby? Art history doesn't tell us that only what causes aesthetic feeling can become an aesthetic object, but what causes sensibility can become an aesthetic object.

Pop art has moved from the second dimension of art to the third dimension of art "combination". Besides painting, sculpture, collage and installation, new artists are also engaged in photography, film and television production, film production, performances, concerts, businesses, galleries and so on, which more embodies the comprehensive and compound landscape of art. The mass photography of new pop art is mostly taken from the reproduced images of TV, movies and popular magazines, which belongs to second-hand information. Longo is a postmodern artist who has gained international reputation in the United States. He is called the leader of new pop music by critics. The way he makes his works is usually to make his own photos, draw the outline himself, and then give them to commercial draftsmen to complete the paintings, and then polish them with many assistants. Longo said: "What we do is not to reiterate pop, but to dialectically Pop, just like Pop dialectically dada." In the post-modernism period, even the process of creating works is a complicated process, and even other people's works are included in the concept of "ready-made things". Artists are like directors, pointing, ready-made objects and "ready-made objects" operate here to make a montage collection.

Dada and Popper are as close as lips and teeth, Dada is a debater, and Popper widely promotes ideas. Their basic views are all based on anti-art. In the post-modern period from Dada to Pop to New Dada and Pop, artists have been using any media materials freely for decades, breaking the original definition of art scope, intentionally spreading artistic styles, accommodating the existence and development of each art form, and even imitating, copying, quoting and repeating. Many characteristics and trends of post-modern art are closely related to Dadaism and Pop Spirit. Dada is an idealist who opposes idealism, while Popper combines Dada's ideal with reality. Dadaist artists are always good at destruction. They let art live in a strange and absurd way, and pop artists are the most knowledgeable people in history. They bring art to life in a popular and simple way and know how to make it acceptable to the public. Dada's art tries to liberate itself from rationality through disorderly behavior and return to freedom and arbitrary accident. After learning Popper's "dialectics" strategy in the middle, postmodern art actually accepted the idea of no logic and subject as a part of art in a misplaced time sequence. This morbid state, called insanity, has become the essence of postmodern culture. In today's western academic circles, politicization, socialization and living are a fashion, the door of the philosophy hall is connected with the shopping center, and culture is put into practice in an all-round way. Pop art visualizes this cultural trend, so pop art is not only pure art, but also popular art and popular art. The significance of pop art lies in that its popularity has changed the taste and standard of art and changed the experience and understanding of ordinary people in their lives.