What is CCD?

CCD, English full name: Charge-coupled Device, Chinese full name: Charge-coupled element. Can be called a CCD image sensor. CCD is a semiconductor device that can convert optical images into digital signals.

The tiny photosensitive substances implanted on the CCD are called pixels. The more pixels a CCD contains, the higher the picture resolution it provides. A CCD works just like film, but it converts image pixels into digital signals.

There are many neatly arranged capacitors on the CCD, which can sense light and convert images into digital signals. Through the control of an external circuit, each small capacitor can transfer the charge it carries to its adjacent capacitor.

Extended information

General color digital cameras have a Bayer filter installed on the CCD. Every four pixels form a unit, one is responsible for filtering red, one is filtering blue, and two are filtering green (because the human eye is more sensitive to green). As a result, each pixel receives a photosensitive signal, but the color resolution is not as good as the photosensitive resolution.

Introduction

The 3CCD system composed of three CCDs and a dichroic prism can separate colors better. The dichroic prism can analyze the incident light into three colors of red, blue and green light. , each of the three CCDs is responsible for the image presentation of one of the color lights. All professional-grade digital cameras, and some semi-professional-grade digital cameras use 3CCD technology.

Development

As of 2005, ultra-high-resolution CCD chips are still quite expensive, and the price of still cameras equipped with 3CCD is often beyond the budget of many professional photographers. Therefore some high-end cameras use rotating color filters. This type of multi-imaging camera can only be used to photograph static objects.

CCD is made of a high-sensitivity semiconductor material, which can convert light into electric charges and convert them into digital signals through an analog-to-digital converter chip. The digital signals are compressed by the flash inside the camera. Memory or built-in hard disk card storage, so the data can be easily transferred to the computer, and with the help of computer processing means, the image can be modified according to needs and imagination.

CCD is composed of many photosensitive units, usually measured in megapixels. When the CCD surface is illuminated by light, each photosensitive unit will reflect the charge on the component, and the signals generated by all the photosensitive units are added together to form a complete picture.

CCD is an extremely important component in a camera. It converts light into electrical signals, similar to the human eye, so its performance will directly affect the performance of the camera.

Reference materials: Charge-coupled device—Baidu Encyclopedia ?

?CCD (Charge Coupled Device)—Baidu Encyclopedia