Madame Curie Ji he

Many honors and reputations of Marie Curie seem to have nothing to do with this great woman. She still works with enthusiasm and tenacity under extremely hard working conditions. This great woman has contributed her dreams to all mankind, and has also injected nobility and selflessness into her life. She doesn't work selflessly for honor, merit and benefit, but for her own soul.

Madame Curie's reputation spread from the moment she discovered radium, and the portrayal of her life was never as true as Einstein said-"When a noble figure like Madame Curie ended her life, we should not just be satisfied with recalling the contribution her work made to mankind. The significance of first-class figures to the times and historical process may be more their moral quality than their pure intellectual achievements. Even the latter, they depend on the degree of personality, and far exceed what is usually thought.

"I am fortunate to have a lofty and sincere friendship with Madame Curie for 20 years. I admire her great personality more and more. Her strength, purity of will, strictness of self-discipline, objectivity and fairness of judgment-all these are rarely concentrated on one person. She realized that she was always a public servant. She is extremely modest, and there is never room for complacency. Due to the harshness and inequality of society, her mood is always depressed. This makes her have such a serious appearance that it is easy for people who are not close to her to misunderstand-this is a rare seriousness that cannot be explained by any artistic temperament. Once she realized that a certain road was right, she persisted uncompromisingly and stubbornly.

"The greatest scientific achievement in her life-proving the existence of radioactive elements and separating them-depends not only on bold intuition, but also on the enthusiasm and tenacity of working under unimaginable extreme difficulties. Such difficulties are rare in the history of experimental science.

"Even if only a small part of Madame Curie's moral strength and enthusiasm exists among European intellectuals, Europe will face a brighter future."

Beyond the glorious laurel of science, she can find strength in the remaining pride in the face of the lack of material environment, scandals, the unexpected death of Mr. Curie and the suspicion of female scientists. In the deep heart of loneliness, we saw a noble woman, who was unswerving in scientific research, selfless and passionate about mankind.

Even if only a small part of Madame Curie's moral strength and enthusiasm exists among European intellectuals, Europe will face a brighter future.

-Einstein

Marie Curie is respected by people, not only because of her scientific genius, but also because of her noble character and outstanding personality.

-Rutherford, founder of atomic physics

She is a strict person at heart, and she will never master the affectation commensurate with honor. She is not good at becoming a celebrity.

-Irene Curie, the eldest daughter of Madame Curie

When a noble figure like Madame Curie ends her life, we should not just be satisfied with recalling the contribution made by her work to mankind. The significance of first-class figures to the times and historical process, in terms of their moral quality, may be greater than simple intellectual achievements.

-Einstein

1867165438+1On October 7th, a baby named Mary was born in an apartment building in Warsaw, Poland. The lovely little doll lying in the cradle is the later Madame Curie. Mary's father is a teacher, teaching math and physics in middle school. Her mother is also a teacher and an excellent musician.

189 1 year, with the money saved as a governess, Mary went from Warsaw to Paris University in France. In three years, she obtained two bachelor's degrees in physics and mathematics, and got the opportunity to work in the research room. 1894, she met pierre curie. Curie was an extraordinary physicist, introverted and very concerned about society. The ideal of devoting oneself to science will link them forever.

They live in poverty, but they are very nervous about work and study. 1896, the Frenchman henry beck rael discovered the radioactivity of uranium. During the delivery of her eldest daughter, Madame Curie tested 80 known elements one by one, and found two new elements that are more radioactive than uranium, and named the first newly discovered element "polonium" and the other "radium". However, on a rainy day in April, 1906, a tragic accident happened. As a result of radiation infection, Mr. Curie, who was getting worse and worse, ran into a carriage on a bridge in Paris in a trance, and the wheels crushed the head of this great scientist. The heartbroken Madame Curie lost her partner and was her most effective research partner, but her strong will overcame everything. She fought back her grief and took on the responsibility of raising her two daughters independently. At the same time, she took over Curie's work as a professor at the University of Paris and went into the laboratory to continue her research on reforming the extraction method of radium.

Although Madame Curie began to study independently from then on, she made more and more achievements in the theory and practice of radiology. 19 1 1 In the winter, she received a telegram from Stockholm, Sweden, informing her that she had won the Nobel Prize in chemistry that year. Madame Curie became the first person in history to win the Nobel Prize in Science twice (the first time was in 1903, and the Curies and becquerel won the Nobel Prize in Physics together), and she was a woman.

Even though Madame Curie has become an outstanding scientist recognized by the world, she is still neglected and suppressed by the stubborn conservative forces in the scientific community. 19 1 1 year, she accepted the persuasion of her friends and participated in the election of the French Academy of Sciences, but she lost by one vote. One of the reasons held by opponents is that women cannot become academicians of the Academy of Sciences. However, only people admire her. In the same year, in 65438+February, she won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for the second time. Soon, the French Academy of Medical Sciences elected her as an academician.

Marie Curie-Laborer of Soul (2)

Science is not for personal honor, not for personal gain, but for human happiness. This is the principle that Madame Curie and Mr. Curie have always followed. After discovering radium, in order to make radium serve the people as soon as possible, she refused to apply for a patent right and immediately disclosed the method of extracting radium, although her own life was still very difficult at that time. Madame Curie had three grams of radium in her life. She donated the first gram to science, and the public returned the second and third grams to her. These three grams of radium show the great personality of a scientist and arouse the public's understanding of science.

Some people think that Madame Curie's stubbornness in dealing with radium is incomprehensible. Since it is for scientific research, wouldn't it be much easier to sign the patent book?

Madame Curie answered this question in her autobiography: "Many of my friends insist that if pierre curie and I keep our rights, we can get the necessary funds to establish a satisfactory radium research institute, and all the difficulties that hindered us before and still hinder me now can be avoided. What they said is not unreasonable, but I still believe that we are right. Humans need people who are good at practice. They can get great gains from their work. They can not forget the public welfare, but also protect their own interests. But human beings also need dreamers, who are obsessed with the selfless development of a cause and therefore cannot pay attention to their material interests. "

Madame Curie not only contributed radium to mankind, but also contributed another kind of value.

19 14, the first world war broke out and the Germans invaded French territory crazily. Madame Curie, a Polish woman, can't forget her motherland Poland and her second motherland France. At this critical moment, she showed brave creative spirit when doing research.

Madame Curie served the wounded soldiers with great dedication. She never asked the battlefield authorities to give her any special treatment, and she never wanted to cause trouble to others for her sake. She put down the shelf of a famous scholar and just wanted to work like an ordinary person. If there is anything different from ordinary people, it is that she is more skilled, careful and responsible. In extremely cold weather, people can see her driving, repairing and assembling X-ray instruments alone.

By the end of the war, Madame Curie was 5 1 year old. With persistent courage and perseverance, she returned to the Radium Institute she prepared and equipped. From 19 19 to 1934, Madame Curie continued her research work and taught rising stars from all directions. In the Radium Institute, a large group of young scholars surrounded her: she assigned them jobs, she solved their problems, and she encouraged and supported them. In her step-by-step inspiration and guidance, who can tell how many achievements have been achieved without her?

1934 On a sunny afternoon in May, Madame Curie worked in the laboratory until 3: 30, feeling extremely tired, and whispered to her colleagues, "I have a fever, so I have to go home first." This is the last time Madame Curie left her radium research institute one and a half months before her death.

According to her living will, people buried her coffin in the same cave as Mr. Curie. On her tombstone, there is only one simple line: "Marie Skro Dasca Curie, 1867- 1934."

Einstein, the greatest scientist in the 20th century and a good friend of Madame Curie, once said: Among all famous figures, Madame Curie is the only one who is not reversed by honor. This is probably the truest portrayal of her life!

Madame Curie's dream

When Einstein deeply missed the lofty and sincere friendship with Madame Curie for 20 years, he said that the bond that kept their friendship was entirely out of admiration for Madame Curie's great personality. He summed up Madame Curie's great personality in the most incisive language, that is, "She realized that she was a public servant at all times. She is very modest and never complacent. ..... Once she realizes that a certain road is right, she will go on stubbornly without compromise. "

Madame Curie had many opportunities to get rich, but she refused. She despises fame. Before receiving various bonuses, she was so poor that she didn't even have medical expenses. Later, people advised her to apply for a patent for radium, but she flatly refused. Before World War I, radium rose to $654.38+million per gram, but Madame Curie still had no savings. After the war, when she became a world celebrity and was often invited by governments all over the world, she didn't even have a decent evening dress.

Humans really need people who care about their actual interests. They work hard and seek their own interests, which is not contrary to the general interests of mankind. But great men always shoulder a bigger mission and have no time to take care of their own interests. As Madame Curie herself said, "People with idealism are indispensable to human beings. They pursue the lofty realm of selflessness, have no selfishness and have no time to take care of their own material interests. "

"In science, we should pay attention to things, not people." This is Madame Curie's persistent spirit of studying science, but once science is applied to people, she shows great concern for people and society. During the First World War, she worked hard to raise money, bought an extremely expensive X-ray machine and sent it to the battlefield, and personally went to the front-line hospital to teach medical staff how to use it. Many military doctors and wounded soldiers were moved when they saw the bullets in their bodies and were rescued and reborn.

Fate gave Madame Curie numerous honors, but she was not tired. She worked hard as always until she died at the age of 67 and left her beloved laboratory. Until 40 years after her death, there were still rays in her used notebook. Einstein said: "among all the famous people in the world, Marie Curie is the only one who has not been spoiled by fame." She strives for the world with things, is detached and free from vulgarity, knows her goals and her own value. She made us understand that people have multiple values and need multi-layer development.

Marie Curie-Laborer of Soul (3)

In Madame Curie's My Belief, I read such a sentence: "Human beings need people who pursue reality, and they get the greatest reward in their work. But human beings also need dreamers-they are so attracted by a selfless career development that they have no leisure or enthusiasm to seek material benefits. " Madame Curie divided the people needed by human beings into two categories: the former is of course understandable to get paid through labor, because human beings want to survive and the progress of the world cannot be separated from the promotion of such people. From the most ordinary field workers to astronauts on the space shuttle, from busy politicians to ordinary workers, their reward is a kind of self-awareness. Once the focus of attention is on remuneration, his labor loses its due value, which is also the materialization of self-labor. He only regards his own labor as an exchange of materials, and such labor lacks the corresponding humanistic spirit. Such people are the most despised. Like some singers who are full of style and lack self-confidence, like some rich and narrow-minded tycoons, like some officials who abuse power for personal gain and take bribes and pervert the law, the reward they pursue is the result of selling themselves, and they have lost their souls.

Madame Curie appreciated the latter: human beings need dreamers. Such people are those who only dream and have no achievements. She refers to those who transcend worldly distractions and devote themselves to a certain cause. This kind of person just dreams of letting his spirit fly freely through his own efforts. They work selflessly, not to exchange their labor for honor, merit or benefit, but to let their souls work. Madame Curie proved her dream with her outstanding wisdom, and her scientific career constituted the main part of her life. She discovered radium, but she didn't take it for herself. She contributed her dream to all mankind. When Madame Curie's dream becomes the wealth of all mankind, the happiness of the people is the best reward for her.

To be such a dreamer. Yes, when human beings are becoming more and more materialized and alienated, the world needs dreamers more. When more and more people pursue material benefits, they still need someone to think, explore and dream, otherwise, this planet is no different from death. I believe that the more someone completely abandons dreams, sacredness and sublimity, the more someone needs to dream, praise the sacredness and advocate the sublimity. Such people don't need much, but they can represent an era. Only when this era has passed will people discover his important position in that era. Only these people are the essence of that era, and only their dreams are the brightest stars in the night sky of that era. Qu Yuan, Li Bai, Su Shi, Cao Xueqin, Homer, Mozart, Beethoven, Bruno, Proust, Kafka ... These dreamers lit up the era behind them with their thoughts, and their dreams became the spiritual wealth of all mankind, and their dreams will last forever with this world.

Einstein and Madame Curie

Marie Curie, a female chemist who loves the motherland and people.

Marie Sklodowska Curie (1867 ~ 1934) is a French chemist and physicist. Marie Skoro Dovska was born in Warsaw, Poland, and later changed her name to Marie Curie or Madame Curie, because she later married the French physicist pierre curie.

1883 graduated from Warsaw High School in Poland. 189 1 was admitted to the University of Paris in France. 1893 obtained the Bachelor of Science degree from Paris University with the first place in physics, and the Bachelor of Mathematics degree from Paris University with the second place in mathematics the following year. 1903 obtained the doctorate. 1906 became the first female professor of Paris University and the first female academician of French Academy of Sciences. 1934 On July 4th, Marie Curie died of leukemia in a nursing home in Champaign, France, at the age of 67.

Marie Curie was the founder of radiochemistry and radiophysics. Under very difficult conditions, after nearly 10 years of patient experiments, she discovered and separated two new elements, polonium and radium. To commemorate her great motherland Poland, she named the first element she discovered polonium.

Marie Curie also used the radioactive elements she discovered in medicine to initiate radiotherapy, thus saving the lives of millions of cancer patients. She won the Nobel Prize twice in her life-physics prize 1903, chemistry prize 19 1 1. She is the only female scientist who has won this honor. In addition, she has held 104 honorary positions in 25 countries and won 24 awards. Her main works include isotopes and their compositions, radioactive substances and their radiation research.

Nobel Prize Winner on Mercedes-Benz Front Line

World War I broke out in Europe. At the beginning of the war, the German-Austrian Coalition forces broke through the French defense line many times and went deep into France by virtue of the superiority of artillery. The French government called on the people to defend the security of the motherland. Marie Curie, who won the Nobel Prize twice, also went to the front to take part in this battle concerning the safety of France.

At this time, Marie Curie was almost 50 years old. Despite her weak health, she bought the latest ambulance with a portable X-ray machine with women's donations and presented it to the French Women's Federation. She personally led her daughter, Aurio Curie, to the front to take part in the rescue work.

Marie Curie is an expert in radiation chemistry and radiation physics. She has excellent X-ray photography skills and meticulous spirit. Wherever the fighting was fiercest, she went there and was warmly welcomed by the soldiers. The soldiers cheered warmly, and this patriotic female scientist could come to the soldiers at the time of crisis in France, share joys and sorrows with the soldiers and save the lives of the injured soldiers.

Marie Curie was later appointed as the head of the radiation service department by the French high command because of her patriotism and high sense of responsibility.

Study for the glory of the motherland

Marie Curie was originally Polish. At that time, Poland was under the iron heel of the Russian czar and was discriminated against by foreign rulers. When she was a teenager, she studied hard with the ambition of winning glory for her country and rejuvenating the motherland with science. 189 1, she was admitted to the Faculty of Science of the University of Paris, France.

Admittedly, Paris is by no means a paradise for poor foreign girls. She lives in a cold and shabby pavilion. She often goes to school with brown bread in the morning and cooks the simplest food with alcohol lamp to satisfy her hunger at dinner. She often studies late into the night and often shivers with hunger. In order to reduce the burden of her sister's huge tuition fees, Mary had to work in her spare time and earn a meager salary to make up for it.

It is this poor Polish schoolgirl who comes out top in every exam. When she graduated, she ranked first in physics and second in mathematics, and became a double bachelor in physics and mathematics. Deeply favored by the famous mathematician and physicist Xie Enka, he was recommended to stay in school. At the same time, the famous physicist Lipman also chartered her to do experiments in her world-class laboratory at that time. 1896, the city's university assistant exam was held in Paris, and Mary climbed to the top again. Since then, she has become a young female teacher in various universities in Paris.

Mary studied hard and got excellent grades, which won glory for the Poles who were still in the Tsar colony.

It was named polonium in memory of the great Poland.

Mary married pierre curie, a physicist. Since then, the husband and wife have devoted themselves to the study of radioactive elements.

Marie Curie tested the radioactivity of many substances with an electroscope, and found that pitchblende was extremely radioactive. It was preliminarily inferred that it must contain radioactive substances much stronger than uranium. So she was determined to extract it. However, it is easier said than done. First of all, asphalt ore must be decomposed, and then after numerous separation and purification, it is possible to capture new elements. This job is like looking for a needle in a haystack.

However, the most difficult thing is not difficult for female scientists. In the absence of funds and equipment, Marie Curie asked her husband, Curie, to give up physical research for the time being and fully assist her in the battle to capture new elements. In order to realize his wife's ambition, Curie resolutely agreed to her request, and * * * undertook the work of handling a large number of pitchblende.

Tons of pitchblende have arrived from Austria, but there is really no laboratory that can handle such a large amount of uranium. Therefore, Marie Curie had to borrow a damp and unventilated warehouse from the school as a laboratory. The room temperature is only 6℃ in winter, and it is hot and stuffy in summer. When the Curies were nervous at work, they had to eat cold bread and drink cold milk to satisfy their hunger. They have created world-class scientific research results in this humble laboratory.

Pitch uranium ore contains a lot of impurities, including bismuth, copper, lead, iron, uranium, thorium and other dozens of compounds, which must be dissolved with acid first, then precipitated with hydrogen sulfide and separated one by one. Finally, a new radioactive element was found in bismuth sulfide precipitation. This is the result of their couple's efforts for several years.

What is the name of the new element?

Marie Curie said to her husband, "Although I married you and became a French citizen, I still cherish my bitter motherland, Poland, which gave birth to me, raised me and nurtured me. Let me name it polonium to commemorate that great and bitter motherland! " Curie fully understood his wife's painstaking efforts and readily agreed.

Don't be a millionaire, dedicate your scientific achievements to mankind.

From the day polonium was discovered, Mary and Curie started a new job. Because the couple have found the trace of a new element, they are ready to make persistent efforts to seize it. Because according to the traditional concept, to confirm the discovery of an element, you should provide a sample of compounds or simple substances that can be witnessed. Just as the great achievement was about to be completed, something unfortunate happened. 1April 906 19 pierre curie died in a car accident, which made Mary lose one of her most loyal and intimate comrades. However, she was not discouraged and turned her grief into strength. The next year, she extracted a small amount of pure radium salt from several tons of uranium residue, and finally caught a new element-radium.

Radium can be used to treat cancer. When pierre curie was still alive, many capitalists knew that radium would be used for medical treatment and could make money. Therefore, they sought audience with the Curies one after another and were willing to pay a high price for their inventions. At that time, there were two choices before the Curie couple: first, turn the results into patents and make yourself a millionaire; The second is to make scientific research results free and open to all mankind.

One day, Madame Curie said to his wife, "Dear, we must decide which of the following two options to choose at once, either making our achievements public or registering the patent right at once." So, Mary said firmly, "We must never go against the scientific spirit and never profit from it. I decided to dedicate it to all mankind. "

Marie Curie kept her promise. At the moment of her husband's death, she refused all the businessmen who bought the results and provided technical materials to the French radium smelter for medical use free of charge. She pioneered radiotherapy and saved millions of lives, and she took nothing. How noble and noble her spirit is!

Devote oneself to science

The radioactive elements discovered by Marie Curie were quickly used to treat cancer and saved countless lives, but she gave her precious life for it.

Although radioactive elements such as radium can be used to treat cancer, a healthy and normal person can easily get cancer if he is exposed to radioactive elements for a long time. The reason is that human cells are exposed to radiation from radioactive elements for a long time, which will mutate and cause cancer.

In Marie Curie's time, the understanding of the harm of radioactive elements was not as clear as it is now. Now, people who are exposed to radioactive elements and X-rays should wear protective clothing to protect themselves. Marie Curie didn't take any preventive measures at that time, which made Marie Curie suffer from leukemia, a blood cancer, who had been dealing with radioactive elements for a long time.

The suffering of leukemia forced Marie Curie to live in a nursing home in June 1934. A month later, on July 4th, Marie Curie gave her precious life for the cause of human science.

The story behind Madame Curie's success

As an outstanding female scientist, Madame Curie once won the highest scientific laurels in two different disciplines-the Nobel Prize in Physics and the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in just eight years. Elena, her eldest daughter, is a nuclear physicist, and Iorio, her husband, won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for discovering man-made radioactive substances. The second daughter Eve is a musician, biographer and her husband.

As the Director-General of UNICEF, Dave accepted the Nobel Peace Prize awarded by the King of Sweden (1965).

The story behind Madame Curie's success: her childhood under the war stimulated her thirst for knowledge, and Madame Curie's young mind understood that "oppression will produce resistance" and "knowledge is power"

Madame Curie 1867 was born in Warsaw, Poland, when Poland was under Russian rule. Her parents are both teachers. After they lost their jobs, they contracted the student canteen, and the young Madame Curie also helped with the cooking. Little Mary, who was born under oppression and grew up under the iron hoof, didn't understand why Polish children were not allowed to learn Polish and read Polish books, but also to study under the supervision of Russian inspectors. Her father and brother told her that "oppression will produce resistance" and "knowledge is power", which aroused her strong desire to pursue knowledge and improve her academic performance. From then on, little Mary buried her love for the motherland and hatred for the invaders in her heart. The idea of studying for the liberation of the motherland stirred in her heart. After graduating from middle school, she became a tutor. However, the thirst for knowledge has never changed. But in Poland with colonial and feudal shackles, universities don't accept girls, so she dreams of studying physics and chemistry in Paris, and her sister dreams of studying medicine in Paris. They are saving the cost of studying in Paris bit by bit. Finally, my sister went to Paris first, and she stayed in Poland to earn money for her sister to go to school.

Mary not only taught herself hard, but also went to the Polish countryside to teach children scientific knowledge and spread Polish culture among factory women workers. She may be discovered by spies and taken away by Russian inspectors at any time. However, Mary has only one idea in her heart: to serve the oppressed motherland and study for the liberation of the motherland. As she said in her letter to her childhood friend, "I have tried my best to cope with all this and make persistent efforts ... I have an overriding principle: never give in to people and things!" ...... "Five years later, my sister got her doctorate, and Mary came to Paris to study at Sorbonne College, wearing shabby clothes, living in a humble hut and eating bread and tea. The university library attracted Mary deeply. Once, she forgot to eat and fainted in the library. Mary is like a greedy sponge, sucking the milk of knowledge desperately. Forgetting to eat has become a common thing for Mary. Every night, I leave the library and go back to my cabin. I continued to study hard under the kerosene lamp until two o'clock in the morning. When she was lying in bed, she was so cold that she had to get up, put on all her clothes one by one, and then lie down. Hard life and hard study made the young girl pale and haggard. In the degree examination of Solburn College, Mary won the first place in physics with excellent results.

The famous scholar Einstein once commented on Madame Curie: "Among all the celebrities I know, Madame Curie is the only one who is not reversed by fame."

Madame Curie was poor for most of her life, and the arduous process of extracting radium was completed under harsh conditions. Madame Curie refused to patent any of his inventions and used the Nobel Prize and its prize money for future research. After the Curie couple discovered radium, when a glittering gold medal worth millions of francs smiled at her; When success, honor and congratulations flood in, it shows that they have noble qualities: no boasting, modesty and selflessness! A newspaper reporter came to interview her and wanted to report her story. She replied firmly: "What matters in science is what has been studied, not the individual of the researcher." Several friends suggested that they apply for a patent right to produce radium. Marie Curie made this decision on behalf of her husband: "This should not be done. This is against the scientific spirit. We should not take advantage of this to make a profit. " They used this great discovery widely in industry and medicine without seeking any personal gain.

For Madame Curie, who has always been poor, the huge Nobel Prize is not rare, but a lot of prizes are given to Polish college students, poor girlfriends, laboratory assistants, female students who have no money, teachers who have taught her and relatives who have helped her. Many friends blamed her for not leaving this property to her children, but what she left them was the spirit of independence and the noble character of despising utility.

19 14 When the German invaders approached Paris, Madame Curie resolutely took her eldest daughter to the battlefield of the anti-aggression war. Madame Curie studied the use of the engine in the car to generate electricity, and installed a set of X-ray equipment in the car. The soldiers affectionately called it "Little Curie". One morning, Madame Curie's "Little Curie" suddenly had an accident and fell into a ditch by the roadside. Madame Curie was knocked unconscious, which frightened the young driver and never dared to drive again. Madame Curie began to study driving skills hard. A few weeks later, she became a qualified driver again. From then on, Madame Curie herself drove tirelessly from one clinic to another. As soon as she got off the bus, she threw herself into the fierce battle between perspective and photography. ...

For decades, Madame Curie has been engaged in the research of radioactive substances for a long time. Coupled with the harsh experimental environment and lack of strict protection for her body, she is often attacked by radioactive elements, which gradually damages her blood and causes leukemia. She also suffers from lung disease, eye disease, gallbladder disease, kidney disease and even insanity. In Madame Curie's view, scientific research is more important than her own health. In order to attend the World Physics Congress, she asked the doctor to postpone the kidney operation. She returned to China to attend the opening ceremony of the Radium Institute. She once endured the fear of blindness and stubbornly carried out scientific research. Until the last breath of her life, she was lying in bed with pernicious anemia and high fever. She still asked her daughter to report to her about the work in the laboratory and proofread the book Radioactivity for her. Madame Curie passed away on July 4th, 934. She devoted her whole life to the great cause of science.

Madame Curie realized a truth from the whole scientific career and life path: the achievement of human intelligence depends largely on quality?