Photography course? How do novices learn photography systematically from scratch

1. hole

The device for controlling the amount of light entering the lens can control the amount of light entering by adjusting the numerical value.

The larger the F value, the smaller the aperture, the less light entering and the darker the photo.

The smaller the f value, the larger the aperture, the more light entering and the brighter the photo.

2. Shutter

Shutter is a device that controls the time when light enters the camera. By controlling the opening and closing time, the time when light enters the camera is controlled, and then the exposure is controlled.

The larger the shutter value, the slower the speed, the more light entering and the brighter the photo.

The smaller the shutter value, the faster the speed, the less light and the darker the photo.

3. Sensitivity

Sensitivity of photosensitive element to light. The larger the value, the brighter the picture, which is represented by ISO on the camera, such as IS 0200, ISO 3200, IS 06400, etc.

Focus mode

1. Single autofocus

A single autofocus is generally represented by AF-S, and a "beep" is heard after half pressing the shutter, indicating that the focus is completed. Press the shutter to shoot, generally suitable for shooting still life, such as commodity shooting, flowers and plants shooting, posing portraits and so on.

2. Intelligent autofocus

It is camera autofocus, represented by AF-A. It is sometimes wrong to choose single HL focusing or continuous focusing according to whether the subject is moving.

3. Servo (continuous) autofocus

Servo focusing, also known as continuous focusing, is represented by AF-C. When shooting a moving subject, you can continue to focus until the shooting is over without pressing the shutter again, which is suitable for shooting moving subjects, such as sports and animals.

Manual focus

Manual focusing is expressed by MF, which is the most accurate focusing method. When autofocus fails, for example, the shooting distance is too close and there is an object blocking, it is necessary to manually focus to adjust. There are also details that the subject needs to pay attention to, such as macro shooting, which needs to be manually focused.

focal distance

The focal length is the distance from the optical center of the lens to the photosensitive element, and 50mm marked on the lens represents a fixed-focus lens with a focal length of 50mm; The marked 24-70mm represents a zoom lens with a focal length of 24-70mm. Focus should understand two things: angle of view and depth of field.

1. Vision

The smaller the distance, the wider the angle, such as 18 mm, and the wider the angle of view, so you can shoot more content in a limited space. The larger the focal length is called telephoto, for example, 300 mm, and the telephoto angle is small, so zoom in and enlarge the subject. When shooting a group of people, you can zoom in and enlarge the subject with a wide angle. When shooting a group of people, you can shoot everyone in the picture with a wide angle and one of them with a telephoto.

2. Depth of field

Manual focusing is expressed by MF, which is the most accurate focusing method. When autofocus fails, for example, the shooting distance is too close and there is an object blocking, it is necessary to manually focus to adjust. There are also details that the subject needs to pay attention to, such as macro shooting, which needs to be manually focused.

white balance

White balance is to restore the true color of the environment, and adjust the color atmosphere by controlling the color temperature.

The easiest way to understand and apply

When you want to be yellow and warm, raise the color temperature k value. When you want to be blue and cool, lower the color temperature k value. When the picture is off color and it is necessary to make the color normal, raise the color temperature K if it is blue, and lower it if it is yellow.

measure

Photometry is to measure the brightness of the picture. There are three main metering modes to provide exposure parameters: evaluation metering, center focus metering and spot metering.

1. Evaluation photometry is the smartest.

Evaluation photometry is the average measurement of light in the picture, and it is the most intelligent. However, it is not suitable for scenes with large illumination ratio, which will lead to deviation of measurement results, such as large areas of light or dark.

2. Central dimming is the most commonly used.

Center focus photometry is to measure the area around 1/3 in the center of the picture. When shooting, the subject is usually placed in the center, which can ensure the correct exposure of the subject and avoid the influence of areas outside the center on the exposure results.

Spot metering is the most accurate.

Photometry is to measure the area of 3% of the picture. When the subject is not in the center, it is the most accurate method to directly measure the light at the subject to ensure the accuracy of the exposure of the subject. Combining the measuring point linkage function is the most perfect shooting method, otherwise it can only be locked after metering, and then focused after exposure.

Ordinary digital exposure

1. When the pore size is preferred

Daily shooting: 1/80s~ 1/200s, car shooting: 1/200s or more, baby/pet shooting:1/200s or more, idolization/athlete:1/kloc. , star orbit: > 2 hours (tripod), light drawing: 15s-30s.

2. When the shutter takes precedence.

Static diagram: F 1.2~4

Close-up of flowers: F 1.2~4

Portrait at night: F2.8~5.6

Arrest: F5.6~F 1 1

Food/Still Life: F8~ 1 1

Fireworks/paintings/star tracks: F 1 1-20

Starry sky: F 1.4~5.6

Landscape photo: F8~ 1 1

3. When using manual M gear.

Daily shooting: 1/80s~ 1/200s car shooting: Dagan 1/200s baby/pet:1/idolized over 200s/athlete: 1/200s.

4. Public parameter exposure

Outdoor portrait:1100s IS0 100F 1.2-2.8 (sunny day)

Indoor portrait: below F2.8 1/80ISO 1500.

Shooting the moon: about 1/500 seconds ISO 200F8.

Shooting the Milky Way: 30 seconds ISO 3200-6400F2.8 or so.