Still life painting technique

The main content of sketching still life techniques: Sketching is an important form of expression in plastic arts. From an academic point of view, there are many schools of sketch and its appearance is changeable. People have different understandings of it, and there are differences and disputes. Different views on sketch reflect the unique law of art itself: without a fixed model, art will lose its vitality. This paper introduces the basic still life sketch of art major for your reference.

Draw still life pictures

Still life painting can be creative or practical. The former is a creative genre, that is, reflecting a theme through still life themes. For example, there is a still life creation called "Soldier's Relics", which combines the relics used by fallen soldiers in war life, such as helmets, backpacks and kettles. It turned into a still life, which made the audience deeply miss and respect the young soldiers who died for their country. As the basic study of gouache, still life sketch is different from creation. Is a subject with teaching and research significance, mainly to understand the performance of gouache, master tools skillfully, and use color rules. This is a teaching activity aimed at training skills. The content, progress and requirements of still life sketch must be based on the proposed teaching plan. This is the essential difference between still life sketching and still life creation.

First, how to organize still life

(1) In still life sketching, special attention should be paid to the design and layout of the sketched still life. In addition to the teacher's experience and accomplishment in this field, there must be enough props and equipment, including all kinds of vessels with perfect shapes, different shapes, sizes, colors and textures, as well as interlining with different colors, purity, brightness, cold and warm, and textures. Designing and arranging a group of still life sketches with artistic conception will certainly stimulate students' interest and enthusiasm in learning and help to obtain better teaching results.

(2) Decorative color sketch still life, first of all, establish the theme, and then select various objects that meet the requirements of the theme. A theme is the central content of a group of still lives. A group of still life can't contain too many miscellaneous contents, especially can't put together items that are unrelated in meaning and uncoordinated in form. The unity of content and form is an important principle of still life. If the still life is mainly related to farm life, you can choose fruits and vegetables, farm household pottery, blue and white porcelain pots, hats and aprons to produce rustic pastoral flavor and emotional appeal and form a still life; If you use a still life composed of milk bread, glass basin, tableware, glass bottle and coffee set, you will think of western style. Two different groups of still life, the content of the selected object, are closely related to different themes. If you put coffee set, knife and fork in the first group of still life, and put a pumpkin in the second group of still life, it will be extremely uncoordinated. Therefore, to combine still life, we must first make clear the theme, select related objects, and then arrange them according to the coordinated formal rules, so as to make the whole unified and beautiful.

The display of commonly used still life and daily utensils is mostly designed by practical artists through modeling and decoration according to practical and aesthetic requirements. It often reflects people's living customs, aesthetic tastes and artistic styles in different times, nationalities and regions. If there are different characteristics of classical, modern, oriental and western. In style, there are elegant and simple, simple and simple, full and solemn, light and beautiful, magnificent and exquisite and so on. When combining still life, we can't ignore these characteristics. We should try our best to fully show different styles through the choice of utensils, color, composition and other means. Still life often requires temporary purchase of fresh fruits, flowers and other items as the main object of still life. When buying this kind of fruit, we should consider whether the shape and color meet the requirements of sketch. Generally, there are more round fruits. In order to avoid single shape, we can mix them with bananas, grapes and other varieties with different shapes to achieve better results. Pumpkins, tomatoes, eggplants, green onions, radishes, corn on the cob, vegetables in agricultural products, and various fish and crabs in aquatic products are all very good subjects for sketching. Of course, fresh items, which take a long time to sketch, are easy to deteriorate and need to be replaced halfway. You can draw the perishable items first.

(3) When arranging still life, we must first determine the basic pattern of composition, and first determine the position of larger objects in the main objects. Generally, large objects are an important factor in composition and a part of the picture. From the perspective of beauty, its position cannot be placed in the middle of a completely balanced state to avoid the disadvantages of rigidity; If placed too far away from the edge of the picture, it is easy to make the composition feel unstable. The cooperation of various utensils should be not only different in size, but also different in shape, such as square, round, vertical and equal. In order to arrange the change of utensils, the utensils can also be placed upside down, which will have a unique contrast effect with the upright ones. In the combination of utensils, the choice of size and placement should be very particular, and the design and decoration are diverse. Triangular patterns are the most common, because triangles can produce the most stable effect visually. Others can have horizontal composition that spreads left and right, vertical composition that spreads up and down, and so on. No matter what composition format you design, you should consider stability, novelty, vividness and unconventional.

(4) There should be a primary and secondary relationship between objects and density, that is, some objects should be concentrated, so that the front and back of the objects are partially blocked to show the effect of the thickness and depth of the objects. The central part of the theme is generally concentrated. Other utensils can be put away and scattered; If the objects are too concentrated and there is no proper space between them, they will feel not loose and closed; On the other hand, if there is no relatively concentrated placement, the objects do not seem to echo each other, or the primary and secondary are not divided, and the composition is loose and dull, which cannot form the center of the picture. The density of composition is one of the factors that make the picture have a sense of rhythm, so it is necessary to repeatedly scrutinize the position, up and down, left and right, and distance of each object in order to achieve an ideal and perfect layout effect.

(5) Almost all utensils, such as bottles, cups, bowls, pots, pots, etc. Their mouths are facing up. If a plurality of such vessels are arranged in the same composition, one of them should be placed in a suitable place to form a contrast change in different directions, so that there will be no monotonous feeling. Apples, pears, melons, etc. There are also orientation problems. The change of orientation is related to whether the composition is scattered or concentrated and the vividness of the composition. In still life decoration, porcelain pots are often used to place fruits. This porcelain jar can be laid flat on the table. If placed slightly inclined to the composition center, there seems to be more echo and connection between objects, which increases the vivid effect.

(6) In addition to the shape and position, we should also consider the tone of this group of still life, including gorgeous, simple, rough, rich, elegant, elegant, brilliant, deep, warm, desolate, active, cheerful and simple. These tones show the mood that accords with different themes. In terms of tone, there are different tones such as dark, midrange, bright, warm, cold, bright and dark. The still life of sketch practice should be considered according to the teaching intention of still life, and various topics with different contents, different interests and different color changes should be arranged for practice, so as to fully obtain the skills of color expression.

(7) Objects with different shapes and textures and the folds of interlining have lines with different properties: straight lines, curves, oblique lines, lines with different thicknesses, lines with both rigidity and flexibility ... These lines show the structure of the body, and also form the contrast in the whole picture structure, resulting in certain expressiveness and formal beauty. In Cezanne's still life layout, objects with arcs are often used to form the center of the main body, such as bottles, cans, fruits, flowers, interlayers, etc., while in the corner of the background or desktop, several powerful parallel or vertical straight lines are always handled to contrast with the main body to enhance the effect. And make the picture have a sense of stability and highlight the theme. Line is a very important factor in the composition of picture form, which can not be ignored in the layout of still life.