Urgent! Urgent! Urgent!

To the village to the field, to the hut to the market town; To the southeast and northwest, to the ends of the earth; Go to nature to feel fresh, observe the people's feelings in the crowd ~ ~ ~ travel and enjoy the scenery, enrich your life and improve yourself. It's fun and beautiful!

Comprehensive study, writing and oral communication to get rid of folk customs

I. Activity objectives

1. Guide students to pay attention to life, think about life, appreciate life and love life through collecting wind.

2. Cultivate students' ability to use questionnaires, interviews, collecting and sorting out documents.

3. Cultivate students' oral expression ability, written expression ability and the ability to process and analyze data.

II. Contents, methods and forms of activities

Method:

1. Questionnaire survey

Visit the forum

Literature review

4. Photographic video

Activity form:

1. Role-playing

Discussion and debate

Write newspapers and periodicals

teach

hold an exhibition

Activity content: See the textbook.

Three. Activity suggestion

1. Adjust measures to local conditions, vary from person to person, determine the theme of the activity according to local conditions and students' actual situation, strive to be effective, strive to fully stimulate students' interest, actively and seriously participate in activities, increase their knowledge and enhance their ability, especially their life experience, so as to make up for the lack of classroom teaching.

2. The topic selection should fully respect students' autonomy. Many activities in this unit (hometown sketch, understanding dialects, local discovery, festivals, etc. ) students should choose the combination freely, and teachers should not force it.

Teachers should give more guidance and less intervention. Guide students to make plans according to topics, guide students to adopt research methods, provide help for students to consult materials, and encourage students to express their achievements in creative ways. The whole process should be completed by the students themselves.

4. Pay attention to evaluation. Don't let it go. Evaluation criteria: Pay attention to attitude, process (60%) and activity results (40%). Evaluation methods: ① identification; 2 exhibition; ③ Students' self-evaluation; ④ School and social evaluation (such as campus window display and news media reports).

Four. Examples of programmes of activities

Example 1: Collect "local folk proverbs"

① Determine the research direction and objectives.

② Research methods and tools: audio recording, audio recording, literature retrieval and expert interview.

③ Formulating activity procedures: collecting folk proverbs-reading comprehension-in-depth investigation-writing papers.

(4) Collating relevant materials and forming the final result (or performing, or writing a dictionary, making a report or writing a paper) depends on the interests and research results of the participants.

Specific process:

1. Collect folk proverbs

Because folk proverbs come from rural areas, with the development of science and technology, many agricultural proverbs have lost their value of existence and gradually been forgotten by people over time. Therefore, in order to really get first-hand information, we should pay special attention to those elderly people.

In order to facilitate their interview, I first gave my classmates a lesson on civilized etiquette, teaching them how to conduct in-depth investigation, how to conduct civilized interviews, and how to use interview tools (tape recorders, cameras, etc. ), how to respect the elderly and so on. In order to facilitate our work, we also invited local literature and history researchers to guide them to determine the collection location and interviewees.

2. Reading comprehension

Teaching students how to read folk agricultural proverbs and theoretical articles collected by themselves is not a trivial matter. In the process of reading, we ask students not to engage in information blockade and advocate resource sharing. Through mutual communication, we can broaden our reading horizons. We patiently explain to them the general characteristics of agricultural proverbs, the basic methods of reading, how to compare, how to appreciate and so on. Among them, the evolution of dialects is a big problem in our research, because some collected folk proverbs are too old for modern people to accurately understand their inner meanings. To this end, we specially invited local dialect research experts to help students read and understand.

3. in-depth study

On the basis of full reading, we divide the students into several groups and let them discuss in groups. Problems they don't understand, such as the historical evolution, characteristics of the times, characteristics of people and regional characteristics of agricultural proverbs, should be explained in time. After discussion and research, students' views are basically the same, so teach them how to sum up their views. The students get together and paint and change. Soon, a "summary view map" was born.

Write a paper

How to write your own research results in words? At this time, teachers should play a leading role, appreciate their research results and put forward relevant requirements for thesis writing. Of course, we can never be measured by the standard of academic papers, as long as students have their own unique perspectives, independent thinking and unique opinions in the articles, even if they are whimsical (of course, it is impossible to make them up without practice). Because the life experience and research experience they have gained may never be learned in books.

Attachment: Students' Research Learning Achievements

Comment on the rural agricultural proverb "Jiujiu Song" in Shuyang

During the winter vacation, we went to collect folk songs. With the help of several old people, we collected two agricultural proverbs-Jiujiu songs in Shuyang. After careful reading, we are deeply impressed by the charm and can't help but marvel at the wisdom of our ancestors. Although Shuyang is not an outstanding place, it also has a profound cultural heritage. For thousands of years, our ancestors worked hard on this land and created splendid national and local cultures. The two songs we collected are not only very convenient to calculate the climate season, but also popular in image, rich in content, wide in coverage and scientific and accurate to some extent. It fully demonstrates the wisdom of the ancient working people and reveals the profound connotation of Shuyang local culture.

One of "99 songs"

September 19, 29, freezing; Sanjiu sharp mouth nine, dripping into frozen Ryukyu;

The coldest is April 9, when pedestrians walk in groups on the ice; Returning to Yangjiu in May and September, inserting willows by the river;

Thaw nine in June and September and gradually let go of your hands; Flexion index 79, take off the cotton-padded clothes and go on the road;

When the season ends, every household plows and harrows; Open your mouth and say 99, the bullwhip is everywhere;

Nine times out of ten, winter goes and spring comes.

99 songs (2)

Ban Zhi counted nine cold winds, sweaters and ski shirts. 2. The weather changes in September, and the fur cap of the coat is tired (cold);

3949 frozen river, reading newspapers and periodicals by the fire; In the 59 th animal pen, cows give birth to new calves and chickens lay eggs;

Spring is new in 5679, leeks and vegetables are green; 1989, the wind is not cold, and farm tools are busy producing;

On the count of nine, the grass is green, and there are red, green and green Chinese New Year shirts.

Through reading and analysis, we can easily find that these two folk proverbs have the following characteristics:

First, rich cultural connotation.

These two agricultural proverbs are only 97 sentences each, but they contain rich cultural connotations.

The naming of Jiujiu Song reflects the cultural value orientation of Shuyang people. Our Chinese nation has always regarded "nine" as the most auspicious number, such as "Double Ninth Festival", "ninety-nine unity", "honor of the Ninth Five-Year Plan" and "keeping the word". It's called "99 Songs", and the first song is exactly nine sentences, which coincides with the meaning of "99". Because the weather didn't change much in May 679, the second song was combined into one: Spring is new in May 679, leeks and vegetables are green. More concise and easy to read.

In addition, from some sentences, we can see through the aesthetics of working people in ancient China. We know that "red" is a symbol of happiness and "green" is full of vitality. The collocation of red and green not only conforms to the color matching law of nature, but also has certain artistic charm. The wise people of Shuyang may have discovered this law long ago. There is a saying in Shuyang proverb that "red matches green (the pronunciation of Lu dialect is never tired of listening)". Therefore, the second proverb has the saying "red, green and green Chinese New Year shirts".

Second, vivid language.

Many dialects and proverbs are used in the two agricultural proverbs, which make the local people read more kindly and naturally, and fully demonstrate the simplicity and profundity unique to the local language, so that even foreigners can taste the vividness and image of their language. Such as "sharp mouth nine, cross, frozen Ryukyu" and other words. "Sharp mouth" means "fierce and mean" in Shuyang dialect, such as "this person has sharp lips and hair", which fully shows the dry and cold weather here; "Jiao" means "Tao" in Shuyang dialect, for example, "He will be eighteen in the New Year". "Frozen Ryukyu" refers to icicles hanging under the eaves in winter rain and snow. It is also commonly used locally to refer to transparent objects, such as the "Ryukyu" of glass balls.

There are also some words that represent objects, which accurately show the different performances of people and things in different seasons in a few days. Some reproduce the cold of nine winters, such as: dripping into beads and freezing Ryukyu. Some wrote about the difficulty of people moving in the cold winter, such as pedestrians walking in groups on the ice. Some wrote about the joyous atmosphere of spring returning to the earth and the New Year, such as: willows planted by the river, flowers and plants in winter and flowers in spring. After counting for nine times, the New Year shirts were all green, red, green and green.

In terms of verbal expression, two agricultural proverbs fully embody the simple, naive and lively characteristics of folk songs. If there are places where personification rhetoric is used to express meaning, for example, the weather changed on February 9. I wrote that the weather in February of 29 was cold, ruthless and changeable. Sometimes the wind was cold and hard to move, and sometimes the north wind roared and dripping into ice. We can also imagine people shrinking their sleeves in the wind, vivid and profound.

Third, true and unique feelings.

These two agricultural proverbs vividly describe the different feelings people get through various senses in different seasons. For example, write vividly the changes of the scenery in the four seasons, such as: winter goes to spring, flowers and plants are dense, leeks and vegetables are green, and the number of trees and flowers is green; Through the sense of touch, people's helplessness in the coming of winter and joy in the return of spring to the earth are written: the cold wind strikes, the sky is chilly, their hands are gradually opened, and the wind is not cold in August and September; From the perspective of hearing, the unique feeling that the cold current goes south and the north wind howls after winter is written: September 19, 29, it is freezing; There is also the endless sound of bullwhip when spring returns to the earth: there is bullwhip everywhere.

These two proverbs also vividly show the "feeling" of winter through all the clothes that people change at any time after winter, such as sweaters, jackets, ski shirts, coats and hats that are not cold, taking off cotton-padded clothes and going on the road, and red and green Chinese New Year shirts.

Fourth, distinctive characteristics of the times.

What is particularly gratifying is that although the two agricultural proverbs are in the same place, they are exactly the same in form, but their contents are different, which can reveal the people's nature and the characteristics of the times of folk songs.

For thousands of years, agricultural production has been the basis for the survival and development of Chinese children. A year's plan starts with spring. As an industrious farmer, the most important thing is to plow and work in time. Farming is more important than everything else, and it is necessary to "plow and rake every household, pack up farm tools and be busy with production, and the bullwhip is ringing everywhere." Of course, this also fully reflects the low level of people's productivity in the past, and agricultural production still depends on clumsy wooden farm tools and extremely inefficient cattle. In the second song, however, there are modern fashion terms with distinctive characteristics of the times: sweaters, jackets, ski shirts, and reading newspapers and periodicals by the fire. The appearance of these nouns fully illustrates the improvement of people's living standards and the pursuit of spiritual civilization. The contrast before and after is really earth-shaking, earth-shaking!

Verb (abbreviation of verb) is a scientific and accurate conclusion.

These two agricultural proverbs also vividly reveal the relationship between biological periodicity and seasonal climate, which coincides with the theoretical research results of phenology of modern scientist Zhu Kezhen, such as: returning to Yangjiu in May, inserting willows by the river; Nine times out of ten, winter goes and spring comes.

There is a scientific basis in the agricultural proverb "Returning to Yang on May 9th and inserting willows by the river". Studies in geography and astronomy show that since the winter solstice, that is, the day when counting begins at nine, the sun has gradually shifted from the tropic of Capricorn to the equator. In the season of May 9, the weather became warmer obviously, and the sun was getting closer and closer to people. The "theory of returning the sun" of local farmers coincides with this.

From the actual investigation of climate, phenology and agricultural activities, these two songs are not only suitable for our Suqian area, but also generally suitable for the Yellow River basin, which has a certain guiding role in agricultural and sideline production and daily life.

"Of course, due to China's vast territory, different degrees of temperature change and cold climate, Jiujiu songs also vary from place to place. There is a saying in Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, Henan and other northern regions: "If you don't reach out in 1929, you will walk on the ice in 3949, watch the willows along the river in 5969, open the river in 79, bring geese in 89, and add 19 in 99, and plow cattle everywhere. There is a saying in southern areas such as Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai: "The former nine are warm, the latter nine are cold, the latter nine are frozen birds, the latter nine are wax hearts, the wax insect essence freezes to death, the latter nine four five, the knife is not buried, the latter nine five four, the latter cold and stuffy, the clothes and hats are ambiguous, 8972, cats and dogs seek shade, 9981, and hundreds of grasses report green leaves. "All these vividly reflect the objective law of temperature change at 8 1 day after winter solstice. But somehow, it doesn't seem to be as kind and natural as these two agricultural proverbs we collected, because there is also a earthy flavor of hometown and a sweet affection in its meaning!

(Source: /wenji.htm)

Example 2: Investigation of Folk Culture

Activity preparation:

1. Start the arrangement: teachers mobilize, make clear the purpose and significance of making "Folk Culture Survey", and let students freely combine according to their actual situation, with 3-5 people as a group, formulate topics and submit them to teachers for review.

2. Requirements: Teachers should teach the scientific nature and production requirements of the topic according to the topics handed in by each group: the cover design should have the title, author's name, production time, class and so on. The content is beautifully typeset, there must be pictures, and the text content should not be less than 3 pages; The production time shall not exceed one semester.

3. Collecting information: Each group collects information according to the requirements and topics, including books, magazines, CDs, etc.

4. Teaching methods: Introduce some computer editing software and its usage.

5. Production of results: designed and produced by using WPS, WORD, PHOTOSHOP, VB and other software.

Activity results:

Because students have a wide range of topics, they have a certain breadth and depth, thus enriching and supplementing the contents of classroom teaching, in the investigation of local local history, special history, cultural history and so on. For example, the history of hometown urban construction, religious architecture, teahouse architecture, folk taboos, two-part allegorical sayings, the evolution of Spring Festival etiquette, snacks, Huizhou cuisine and Huizhou culture, research on Xuan paper history, memorial archway and chastity, ethics and so on.

Students must collect materials and edit exhibitions by themselves. In this process, students must collect materials and learn through various channels, which has changed the monotonous form of homework in the past, which is a qualitative change.