Why do you want to shoot a manuscript?

The split-shot manuscript of science and education TV programs is to split the shot according to the literary script, and then write the content of the split shot on a special table to become a manuscript for shooting and recording. Rewriting a literary script into a lens manuscript is an important task for a director to transform written materials into visual images. The split-shot draft not only allows the director to determine the shooting plan in advance, but also allows the team work of the whole production team to have the basis of coordination and cooperation and the goal of joint efforts.

The manuscript is not a translation of the literary script, but an artistic creation of the work by the director on the basis of understanding the literary script. He carefully considered the shooting scheme of each shot in the work and the combination mode between shots, and listed the processing methods of all the elements that make up each shot in the form of a table, as shown in Table 4- 1.

Table 4- 1 shot manuscript format

┌——┬——┬——┬——┬——┬————┬————┬——┬——┬——┐

│ Mirror number │ Machine number │ Mirror identification │ Skill │ Time │.

Picture │

Comments, audio, music and comments

├——┼——┼——┼——┼——┼————┼————┼——┼——┼——┤

│

│

│

│

│

│

│

│

│

│

│

├——┼——┼——┼——┼——┼————┼————┼——┼——┼——┤

│

│

│

│

│

│

│

│

│

│

│

└——┴——┴——┴——┴——┴————┴————┴——┴——┴——┘

The meanings of the columns in the table are briefly described as follows:

Lens number: that is, the serial number of the lens in the sub-lens manuscript, which is expressed by numbers. This order is determined by the literary script, so the number of shots does not represent the shooting order, but the editing order.

Machine number: the number of the camera used for shooting. Because in the actual shooting process, many cameras are often used to work at the same time, the calibration of machine number can make shooting and post-editing of shooting materials more convenient. If you use a single camera, you don't need to fill in this item.

Scenery: Scenery is formed due to the different distances between the camera and the subject or the different focal lengths adopted, including distant view, panoramic view, middle view, close-up view and close-up. However, when shooting with a moving lens, the scene will change. At this point, the initial and final state of the scene should be indicated in this column. If you push the lens, start with the panorama and then push it to the close-up end. In this way, the column of Jingbie should be filled with "all special"; Similarly, if you draw a distant view from the close-up of the main object, you should write "near-far" It is one of the important factors that affect the shooting to make the manuscript clear.

Skills: TV skills include shooting skills and assembly skills. Shooting skills are the operation skills of the camera in the shooting process, including pushing, pulling, shaking, moving, following and other action skills and focus adjustment skills. Combination technique is the combination of shots, such as fading out and overlapping.

Time: the length of the lens, usually expressed in seconds.

Screen content: that is, the content of a specific screen described in words. The description of the picture should be as specific and detailed as possible, highlighting every detail. Sometimes for the convenience of description or for the accuracy of shooting, it can also be marked in the application of photo shooting skills.

Commentary: Commentary often corresponds to a long shot or a group of shots. Therefore, we should pay attention to the corresponding relationship with the lens when marking the commentary.

Sound effect: indicates the sound effect used in the corresponding lens.

Music: indicate the starting and ending position, content and style of music.

Remarks: This column provides a special place for the director to mark special items, and the above items cannot be displayed. Such as the location and time of shooting.

A shot-by-shot manuscript is the basis of program production, but it does not mean that all programs are shot in strict accordance with the shot order in a shot-by-shot manuscript, and the number of shots represents the order of editing. Generally, programs with huge content, complex plots and high artistic requirements are not shot in the order of the split-shot draft, but the shots in the split-shot draft are shot in stages according to the scene or time. For example, the TV series Hanwu the Great has 64 episodes, and the characters and scenes involved are very complicated. Shooting such a series requires not only detailed shooting manuscripts, but also analysis according to the scene and time. The preparation for this shooting is rather heavy, but in the actual production process, the work efficiency will be greatly improved.

It doesn't mean that all programs have to have a shot draft. Some programs like news reports emphasize timeliness and documentary, so people can't predict the scene, so it is impossible to write the manuscript in detail. However, before shooting news programs, it is still necessary to predict the possible situations and plan the required shots. For example, when reporting the news of a sudden traffic accident, the producer should make a prediction on the scene, make a preliminary plan for the content to be filmed, including the damage degree of the vehicle, the casualties of the victims, the rescue situation, the onlookers, and even plan to interview witnesses.

Split-shot draft is the basis of making TV programs. Therefore, before making TV programs, it is generally necessary to carefully write the shot manuscript.