What kinds of classifications can trademarks be divided into?

What kinds of classifications can trademarks be divided into?

I. Classification by trademark structure

1, prefix

Refers to trademarks composed only of characters, including China Chinese characters and minority languages, foreign languages and Arabic numerals, or trademarks composed of various languages;

2. Graphic trademarks

Refers to a trademark consisting only of graphics. Among them, it can be divided into:

(1) Mark trademark: refers to a trademark with simple symbols;

(2) Geometric graphic trademarks: trademarks composed of abstract graphics;

(3) Natural graphic trademark: it is a graphic trademark composed of natural images such as people, animals and plants, and natural scenery. Some are physical photos, and some are processed, refined, summarized and exaggerated natural graphics.

3. Alphabetic trademarks

Refers to a trademark with pinyin or phonetic symbols as the minimum writing unit, including pinyin and foreign letters such as English letters and Latin letters;

4. Digital trademarks

Trademarks consisting of Arabic numerals, Roman numerals or Chinese capital numerals;

5, three-dimensional logo trademark

Also known as a three-dimensional trademark, a trademark symbol composed of three-dimensional objects with length, width and height is different from the trademark patterns we usually see on the plane, but appears in a three-dimensional material form, which may appear in the shape of goods, or in containers or other places of goods. This is a new content added in the newly revised Trademark Law of 200 1, which will make

6, color combination trademark

A color combination trademark refers to a trademark formed by arranging and combining two or more colors. A trademark composed of words, patterns and colors is not a color combination trademark, but a general combination trademark.

7. Combination trademark (1~6 or above)

Refers to a trademark composed of two or more ingredients, also known as a composite trademark;

8. Audio trademarks

A group of music composed of notes or a trademark that uses special sounds as goods or services is an audio trademark. For example, a record company in the United States uses 1 1 notes to form a group of music and records it at the beginning of the tapes they sell as a sign to identify their products. The company applied for registration to protect the exclusive rights of its audio and prevent others from using or copying it. At present, audio trademarks are only recognized in a few countries such as the United States. It cannot be recognized in China.

9. Smell trademark

Smell trademark is a trademark that uses a special smell to distinguish different goods and services. At present, this trademark is only recognized as a trademark in some countries, but it cannot be registered as a trademark in China.

2. Classification by trademark users

1, trade mark

Commodity trademark is the symbol of commodity and the most basic form of trademark. Trademarks usually refer to commodity trademarks. Among them, commodity trademarks can be divided into industrial trademarks of commodity producers and commercial trademarks of commodity sellers;

(1) Industrial trademark: Also known as manufacturing trademark, industrial trademark and production trademark, it refers to the trademark that clearly indicates the producer of goods and is the main use form of enterprises. This kind of trademark has the same meaning as "manufacturer's name", which makes the goods produced by commodity producers bear the producer's mark, thus distinguishing them from other producers and conveying the information and source of a commodity producer to consumers. Trademark manufacturing is the most common in China;

(2) Commercial trademarks: also known as sales trademarks and promotional trademarks, refer to the trademarks used by sellers (operators) to sell goods. The focus of this trademark is to promote the logo of commodity sellers, not commodity producers. It is often some commercial enterprises with high reputation and strong strength that use this trademark to produce goods with their own trademarks through licensing, thus ensuring the credibility of consumers;

2. Service marks

Service marks refer to marks used to distinguish them from other similar services, such as those used by aviation, tour guides, insurance and finance, posts and telecommunications, restaurants, television stations and other units.

3. Collective trademarks

It refers to a sign registered in the name of a group, association or other organization for members of the organization to use in business activities to show the membership of users in the organization;

4, ownerless trademark

For some reason, the trademark registrant no longer exists, and the trademark is ownerless.

Third, according to the use of trademarks.

1, trade mark

It refers to a trademark in which producers or business operators use a specific logo or enterprise name on the goods they manufacture or operate. Some people call this logo "factory logo", "store logo" or "company logo";

2. Certification trademark

Refers to the marks controlled by organizations with the ability to supervise goods or services and used by units or individuals outside the organization to prove the origin, raw materials, manufacturing methods, quality or other specific qualities of the goods or services; Such as: green food logo, leather logo, pure wool logo, electrician logo, etc.

3. Grade trademarks

Grade refers to the same trademark or different trademarks used on goods of different quality, specifications and grades. Some of these trademarks have the same names, but the graphics or text fonts are different. Some graphics are the same, but in order to distinguish the quality of different goods, different colors, different papers, different printing techniques or other signs are used to distinguish them, while others are distinguished by different brand names or graphics. For example, Shenyang Brewery uses different trademarks to distinguish grades, so it is called grades.

4. Combined trademarks

A collective trademark refers to several trademarks used to distinguish similar goods because of different varieties, specifications, grades and prices, and these trademarks are regarded as a group of one-time applications for registration. A collective trademark is similar to a hierarchical trademark.

5. Family trademarks

Family trademark is a trademark based on a certain trademark, combined with various words or graphics, used on various commodities of the same enterprise. They are also called "derivative trademarks". For example, American KOBAK Company created and derived trademarks such as "KOBACHROME", "KOBAGRAPH" and "KOBASCOPE" based on this trademark, which are family trademarks;

6. Alternate trademarks

Standby trademarks, also known as storage trademarks, refer to the simultaneous or separate registration of several trademarks on the same or similar goods. After registration, they may not be used immediately, but they will be stored first and then used when needed. From the perspective of trademark strategy, there are three main considerations for registering standby trademarks: first, once the goods are put into production, they can be used in time without affecting product sales; Second, in order to ensure the reputation of brand-name trademarks, once the quality of goods fails to meet the requirements for some reason, they can be temporarily replaced by standby trademarks (so-called sub-standards); Third, if the brand is smashed, the spare trademark can be replaced in time;

7. defensive trade mark

Defensive trademark refers to the owner of a well-known trademark, in order to prevent others from using his trademark on different kinds of goods, and register his trademark separately on non-similar goods. This trademark is called defensive trade mark. According to international practice, it is generally difficult to register this trademark in China's current trademark law. However, once registered, it will not be revoked by the State Trademark Office because it is idle.

8. Joint trademark

A joint trademark refers to a number of identical or similar trademarks registered by the same trademark owner on the same or similar goods, some of which are similar in words and some in graphics. These trademarks are called joint trademarks. These mutually similar trademarks may not be used after registration, and their purpose is to prevent others from counterfeiting or registering, so as to protect their own trademarks more effectively. The joint trademark is one of them, which is called the main trademark. Also known as the original trademark. Due to the particularity of the function and function of the joint trademark, one of them is idle and will not be revoked by the State Trademark Office. As the overall function of the joint trademark is similar, the joint trademark shall not be used or transferred across categories.

9. Advertising trademarks

Advertising trademark is a trademark specially used for advertising;

Four, according to the degree of trademark reputation classification

1, common trademark

In general, most trademarks that are not protected by special laws are used;

2. Well-known trademarks

Refers to a well-known trademark in a small geographical area (such as prefecture-level and county-level areas). It is only a kind of praise for some trademarks that often appear in China. It is only used in the selection of honorary trademarks at the prefecture, city and county levels in China and often appears in local legislation or local administrative legislation.

3. Famous trademarks

Refers to a well-known trademark in a geographical area (such as a provincial area). It is not a special term in the world, but is often used in the selection of honorary trademarks at the provincial (city) level in China, and often appears in local legislation or local administrative legislation;

4. Well-known trademarks

It refers to a trademark that enjoys a high market reputation in a large geographical scope (such as national and international), is widely known by the relevant public, has a good quality reputation and enjoys special legal protection.

5. Whether the trademark is registered or not.

1, registered trademark

Refers to a trademark registered with the State Trademark Office in accordance with legal procedures and approved for registration after examination;

2. Unregistered trademarks

A trademark used on goods or services without trademark registration is an unregistered trademark.

Six, according to the meaning of the trademark classification

1, a meaningful trademark

A meaningful trademark refers to a trademark whose words, figures or their combinations express and imply a certain meaning or thing, which is called a meaningful trademark. If its words have a certain meaning, it can also be called an implied trademark. If its graphics are descriptive, they can also be called indicative trademarks. 2. meaningless trademarks.

Meaningless trademark refers to the mark that the words, graphics or their combinations that constitute a trademark do not directly express any substantive content. Characters include Chinese, foreign languages, China minority languages, Chinese Pinyin, etc. Graphics refer to abstract patterns such as patterns or geometric figures that do not express any objective things.

A small trademark, just its classification is a complex system, its knowledge is far from as simple as we know, its value and significance are far-reaching, and some are passed down from generation to generation.