Chinese problems in primary schools

Year: Tang Author: Gao Shi School: Four Musts

Like a bird, she still flapped her wings and felt sorry for herself, leaving Beijing for more than ten years.

A gentleman is poor, who wants to meet today without paying for drinks?

Six purlins drifted away mercilessly, and one left Luo Jing for more than ten years.

It shouldn't be enough for my husband to be poor, and I can't afford to drink when I meet you today.

In the farewell poems of the Tang Dynasty, those sad and touching works are certainly touching, but another kind of generous and sad poem from the heart, with its sincere friendship and firm belief, painted another heroic and bodybuilding color for the willow color of Baqiao Bridge and the wind and rain of Weicheng City. Gao Shi's Don't Move Big is a masterpiece of the latter style.

As for Dongda University, all the annotations think that he may be a famous pianist in the Tang Xuanzong period, and he is a "but how can fame and fortune be a genius?" Musician. When Gao Shi wrote this poem, it should be in the period of unsatisfied idleness. No.2 of his "Don't Move Big" said: "Six ao went wandering mercilessly, and one left Luo Jing for more than ten years. My husband's poverty should not be enough. I have no money to buy wine today. " It can be seen that he was still in a "poor" situation of "no money to drink". This farewell work when I was dissatisfied in the early days can't help but "borrow someone else's cup and pour my own foundation." But the poet hopes to give people a feeling of self-confidence and strength in comfort.

In the first two sentences, write the current scenery directly and draw it with pure lines. With its inner truth, write the mood of parting, so it can be profound; Only with a broad mind can we tell the scenery in front of us and be solemn and stirring. "Yi", that is, refers to the dim scenery at sunset.

Huang Yun in the sunset, the vast wilderness, only the northern winter has this kind of scene. This kind of situation, if slightly carved, will inevitably hurt the spirit. Height suits this. It's dusk and it's snowing heavily. In the north wind blowing wildly, only geese and Leng Yun appeared in the distance, which made it hard to stop the feeling of cold and wandering. Being reduced to this level by talent makes people cry, and that's the only way. Friends can't be content with the status quo. The first two sentences, by telling the scenery, can see the inner stagnation. Although it has nothing to do with people, it has made people feel like they are in the snow, as if there are strong men whistling on the top of the mountain. If you don't do your best here, you can't see the wonderful turning point below, and you can't see the smoothness, good intentions, deep friendship and other meaning's sadness in the following words. The last two sentences are full of confidence and strength in comfort. Because he is a bosom friend, he speaks simply and generously. Because of its decline, it takes hope as comfort.

The reason why this poem is outstanding is that Gao Shi "has a thousand words in his heart, but also has a noble spirit" (Yin Kun's Heroes of He Yue) and "exalts himself with temperament" (Chronology of Tang Poetry), so it can add color to people with lofty ideals and wipe tears for wanderers! If it weren't for the poet's inner depression, how could he make his parting words so considerate and firm? How can we make this unpretentious language cast such a beautiful, mellow and moving poem?

When sending Yuan Er to Anxi

Year: Tang Author: Wang Wei Type: Seven Categories: Farewell

The rain in the early morning moistened the dust of the land, the inn of the inn, the branches and leaves of the inn, and a new leaf

Sincerely advise friends to drink a glass of wine, and it is difficult to meet their relatives when they go out to the sun.

A work "Weicheng Qu"

Weicheng, the old city of Xianyang, is in the northwest of Chang 'an, on the north bank of Weishui. Emperor Gaozu changed to a new city, and Emperor Wudi changed his name to Weicheng. People who traveled west from Chang 'an in the Tang Dynasty mostly bid farewell here. The first two sentences of the poem describe the scenery. It's raining in the morning, the dust hasn't started, the willow color is green, and the feeling of parting has been seen in the landscape. The last two sentences say goodbye, expressing the deep friendship between friends. The whole poem is "a farewell song" (Tang Ruxun quoted "The Forest of Tang Poetry").

Su Shi once commented on Wang Wei's poems and paintings, saying that "there are paintings in poems, which are fascinating; Look at the picture, there are poems in the picture. " The last two sentences of the poem (Dongpo's inscription and postscript, book extension Lantian misty rain map) are really a farewell picture, but the poet omitted all kinds of situations before and after the farewell banquet and only cut out a detail at the end of the banquet, which is the most expressive detail. It not only expresses timeless feelings, but also shows the mystery of deleting complexity and simplifying. Do it again. Try your best to finish the wine, and then do this glass of wine. Yangguan, named after the Han Dynasty, is located in the west of Dunhuang, Gansu, south of Yumenguan, so it is called the gate of the ancient castle. Of course, this place is also the only place for Yuan Er, a poet's good friend, to go to Anxi (the abbreviation of Anxi Dudufu, which was set up by the central government of the Tang Dynasty to govern the western regions and is located in Kuqa, Xinjiang today). Old friends, old friends. There is no reason to go out of Yangguan in the west, and there is no old friend in the west. Tang Poetry: "Yangguan is outside China, and Anxi is even more outside Yangguan. It is said that there is no one in Yangguan for no reason. What about Anxi? " Poetry blurts out, not profound, but full of emotion. First of all, when parting is imminent and sadness is full, there will often be relatively quiet scenes. In this case, "Simon made a glass of wine", which broke this unbearable embarrassment. Secondly, parting is imminent, but what I want to say has already been said. In this case, "advise you to drink more wine" naturally delays the parting moment. Third, it is conceivable that the west is out of Yangguan, the vast Gobi Desert and the desert are unique, difficult and helpless. "Advise you to drink more wine" not only contains the poet's anxiety, but also contains the sincere expectation and good wishes for the "old friend": take care of the road ahead!

The evaluation of this poem in Tang Poetry is: "Point to different scenes first, and then write different feelings." There were many quatrains in the Tang Dynasty. After all, this poem is the first, but it is calm and meaningful, and there is no other reason. " "Ou Bei Shi Hua" says: "Everyone has everything in his heart, but it has never been humane. As soon as he says it, everyone can say whatever they want. It's easy to spread, and everyone will know it then. For example, Li Taibai's "Today's people don't see Gu Yue, but this month they were like the ancients" and Wang Mo's "Advise you to drink more and go out to Yangguan for no reason" are still popular and won the hearts of the people. This poem was later included in Yuefu and sung as a farewell song. For example, Liu Yuxi's He Kun: "Only He Kun is here, singing Fortress Besieged is more diligent." Bai Juyi's four poems "Looking for Shen with Wine in Late Spring": "I remember the song of Yangguan, a string of songs of Pearl." Drinking: "Don't refuse to get drunk when you meet each other, sing the fourth tone of Yangguan" (Note: "The fourth tone, I advise you to drink more wine, and it makes no sense to go to Yangguan in the west." ) Li Shangyin's "Drinking at a Banquet, Giving to My Roommate": "Singing" Yangguan "is infinitely stacked, and half a cup of pine leaves is quite frozen."

This is a poem to send a friend to the northwest frontier. Anxi, the abbreviation of Anxi Duhu, was established by the central government of the Tang Dynasty to govern the western regions, located in Qiuci City (now Kuqa, Xinjiang). The friend named Yuan went to Anxi on the orders of the imperial court. In the Tang Dynasty, most people who traveled westward from Chang 'an saw them off in Weicheng. Weicheng is the old city of Xianyang, Qin Dou, in the northwest of Chang 'an, on the north bank of Weishui.

Write the time, place and atmosphere of farewell in the first two sentences. In the morning, the Acropolis Guest House extends from east to west, and the postal road has no end. Willow trees surround the guest house and the postal road is on both sides. All this seems to be a common sight, but it is picturesque and picturesque. Yu Chao plays an important role here. The rain didn't last long in the morning, but it stopped as soon as it got wet. On the main road from Chang 'an West, cars and horses usually cross and the dust is flying, but now the rain has suddenly stopped, the weather is fine and the road looks clean and refreshing. The word "light dust" means wet, and it is used in a measured way here, indicating that the rain is clear and the dust is not wet, just right, just like God's will, and a light dust road is specially arranged for people who travel far away. Hostel is originally the companion of travelers; Willow is a symbol of parting. Having chosen these two things, I naturally intend to end my farewell. They are usually associated with sadness and hatred, showing a feeling of ecstasy. However, today, because of a shower of morning rain, there is a clear and fresh look-"the guest house is green and willow is new." On weekdays, the roads are dusty, and the color of willows on the roadside is inevitably shrouded in gray dust and fog. It takes a rain to wash its green color again, so "new" is because of the new willow color, which reflects the green guest house. In a word, from clear skies to clean roads, from green guest houses to green willows, a picture with fresh and clear colors has been formed, which provides a typical natural environment for this farewell. This is a affectionate parting, but it is not a sad parting. Instead, it reveals a light and hopeful mood. Words such as "light dust", "green" and "new" have soft and lively voices, which strengthen readers' feelings.

There are strict restrictions on the length of quatrains. This poem, about how to hold a farewell banquet, how to raise glasses frequently at the banquet, how to say goodbye euphemistically, how to be reluctant to part with it, how to look forward and backward after boarding the ship, etc., was all given up, and only the host's toast was cut at the end of the farewell banquet: if you drink this cup again, you will never see your old friend again when you leave Yangguan. The poet, like a clever photographer, took the most expressive photos. The banquet lasted for a long time, and the wine full of special feelings was drunk too much. The words of polite farewell were repeated many times. The time for friends to go on the road is finally coming, and the feelings of farewell between host and guest have reached its peak at this moment. The toast that the host seems to blurt out is the concentrated expression of the strong and profound farewell feeling at this moment.

Three or four sentences are a whole. If you want to deeply understand the deep feelings contained in this parting consolation, you can't help but involve "going west to Yang Guan". Yangguan, located at the western end of Hexi Corridor, is opposite to Yumenguan in the north. Since the Han dynasty, it has been the channel for the mainland to go out of the western regions. The national strength of the Tang Dynasty was strong, and there were frequent exchanges between the mainland and the western regions. Joining the army or going to Yangguan is a desirable feat in the eyes of the prosperous Tang people. But at that time, the western part of Yangguan was still poor and barren, and the scenery was very different from that of the mainland. Although it is a feat, my friend's "going out to the west" can't help but go through the long March and prepare for the hardships and loneliness of going alone. Therefore, when he left, "advise you to drink more wine" was like a cup of nectar full of rich emotions, which soaked all the rich and profound friendship of the poet. There are feelings of parting, deep consideration of the traveler's situation and mood, and cordial wishes for cherishing the road ahead. For the farewell party, persuading the other party to "have more drinks" is not only to let friends take away more friendship, but also to delay the breakup intentionally or unintentionally and let the other party stay for a moment. Does the feeling of "going out of Xiyangguan for no reason" belong only to walkers? Parting, I have a lot to say, but I don't know where to start at the moment. On this occasion, there is often silence. "Advise you to drink more wine" is a way to unconsciously break this silence and express the rich and complicated feelings at the moment. What the poet has not said is much richer than what he has said. In short, although three or four sentences are only moments, they are extremely rich moments.

This poem describes the most common parting. It has no special background, but it has its own deep feelings of farewell, which is suitable for most people to sing outside the banquet. Later, it was compiled into Yuefu and became the most widely circulated and longest-lasting song.