Segmentation of Suzhou Gardens

Section 1 of Suzhou Gardens (paragraph 1): Explain the important position of Suzhou Gardens in China Gardens Art.

The second part (paragraphs 2-9): The author expounds the general characteristics of the beauty of Suzhou forest garden pictures from all aspects of garden building facilities. This part is divided into two levels.

The first floor (the second paragraph) summarizes the characteristics of Suzhou forest gardens.

The second layer (paragraphs 3-9) elaborates the characteristics of Suzhou forest gardens.

The third part (paragraph 10) points out that the beauty of Suzhou gardens is unknown, and the end of the full text is intriguing.

Suzhou Gardens Section 1 (paragraph 1): Explain the important position of Suzhou Gardens in China Garden Art, OK?

The second part (paragraphs 2-9): The author expounds the general characteristics of the beauty of Suzhou forest garden pictures from all aspects of garden building facilities. This part is divided into two levels.

The first floor (the second paragraph) summarizes the characteristics of Suzhou forest gardens.

The second layer (paragraphs 3-9) elaborates the characteristics of Suzhou forest gardens.

The third part (paragraph 10) points out that the beauty of Suzhou gardens is unknown, and the end of the full text is intriguing.

Suzhou Garden means 1. The overall impression of Suzhou gardens is 2. This paper introduces the common characteristics of Suzhou gardens. The layout of Suzhou gardens is 4. The art of rockery and swamp pond is 5. The flowers and trees set off (picturesque) 6. The level of close-up and prospect 7. Introduction to the beauty of pictures in small corners 8. Design and carving of doors and windows. Interior color decoration 10. conclusion

Reading Chinese in Suzhou Gardens 1. Can't be interchanged, because you have to plant first and then prune. The order cannot be reversed.

The writing is not good. These two alternations are repetitive. Idioms are full of vitality.

3。 Probably asymmetric and unconventional layout. Because the pagoda-like pines and cypresses and the parade-like roadside trees are all quite satisfactory.

4。 The code word is more vivid.

5 from general description to sub-description?

The center is: Suzhou gardens also focus on painting when planting trees and pruning. (The first sentence is the central sentence)

I haven't done Chinese problems for a long time. Is this a primary school or a junior high school?

The first part (1 section) is the introduction, explaining the writing motivation.

The second part (section 2 to 10) is the main body, focusing on the characteristics of Suzhou gardens. The author first puts forward a general point of view, and then introduces it by classification.

The first layer, including the second and third sections, talks about the general principles of Suzhou garden design from the overall impression of China gardens. Let's start with the general impression: "Suzhou Gardens are specimens of gardens in China." This is the author's experience of visiting more than ten gardens in Suzhou, and it is also the result of comparison with other gardens. The word "specimen" accurately states the position and influence of Suzhou gardens in China garden art, and points out the importance of appreciating Suzhou gardens. Predecessors have long said that "Jiangnan gardens are the best in the world, and Suzhou gardens are the first in Jiangnan". This can be confirmed by the impression of Elymus.

Explanatory texts often make the characteristics of things clear in concise language. There are many gardens with different styles in Suzhou, such as Canglang Pavilion, Lion Forest, Humble Administrator's Garden and Lingering Garden, which respectively represent the different garden styles of Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is not easy to summarize their characteristics. Ye Lao has a high artistic accomplishment and has long-term appreciation and research on Suzhou gardens, so it is not difficult to sum up their characteristics. He believes that Suzhou gardens, large and small, "seem to be pursued by designers and craftsmen alike: to ensure that no matter where tourists stand, there is always a perfect picture in front of them." In order to highlight this point, the author gave a general explanation with the words "Attention ……", then concluded with the sentence "Everything must exist to form a perfect picture, and it can't damage the failure of beauty", and finally proved his point of view is correct with the reaction of tourists.

Second floor, from section 4 to section 10. This paper expounds the characteristics of Suzhou gardens from the aspects of layout, landscape treatment, flowers and trees, and even the colors of walls, corridors, doors and windows. It is obviously not enough to explain such complicated things as gardens in general, but also to explain them in categories. Classified description can make readers understand the explained things and reasons more thoroughly and concretely. Let's choose a few plates to talk about.

The fifth section introduces rockeries and ponds. Suzhou gardens are inseparable from mountains and water. The treatment of these two kinds of scenery can best reflect the characteristics of Suzhou gardens. The author focuses on them.

Let's talk about rockery first. The idea of overlapping mountains in Suzhou gardens is very clever, "making tourists look at the meticulous paintings of Song and Yuan Dynasties or Ni Yunlin's sketches from a distance, forgetting that they are in Suzhou city when climbing or watching rockeries, and only feeling that they are in the mountains". The scenery of the lion forest is dominated by mountains, all piled up with Taihu stones, some majestic, some thin and beautiful, embedded in the air exquisitely, hovering and winding. There are several hills piled up in Canglang Pavilion, which are ups and downs and extremely euphemistic. Ye Lao summed up these various rockeries with "mountains and mountains", which is by no means flattering. Tan Wei wrote in the scene of Lion Forest in Yuan Dynasty: "Birds sing and flowers fall in the west and east of the house, and cypress smoke is green and taro is red. Human nature lives in the city, and I suspect that I am in the mountains. " This can be used as evidence of Ye Lao's statement. Plant a few bamboo trees on several hills. In spring, all the trees are lush and green, which looks rocky. In late autumn, when all the trees are depressed, it will become a cold mountain. The author points out that these artistic creations are the result of "many experiences in one's life" of designers and craftsmen, which is very profound.

Secondly, talk about the pond. There is much water in the south of the Yangtze River, which adds color to the garden. The spacious pool and the mirror-like Ming Che are important factors for the beautiful scenery of the garden. The author points out that the water in Suzhou pond is "mostly living water" and full of vitality. The water in each garden has different conditions, full of artistic talent and creative ability, and according to the characteristics of the pond, it constitutes a moving picture. One is that "the pond is the center of the whole garden, and other scenery is arranged in harmony", and Netscape Garden is a typical example. Its garden is small, but the pavilions around the pond are particularly interesting and attract many tourists. One is that water is like a river, such as Humble Administrator's Garden. Along the longitudinal pool surface, several buildings are dotted with smart bridges and flowing water, and there are some lakes and stones, or scattered flowers and trees are planted, just like the water town in the south of the Yangtze River. If you walk along the pool, "it looks like a painting from all angles." Lotus and goldfish are often planted in the pond, which is "another landscape". There are the most varieties of lotus in Humble Administrator's Garden. In summer, when the wind blows, the fragrance is far clear, which is simply a lotus world. Lotus in Yiyuan Garden has a unique flavor. "Only a few days ago, the stone springs were thin, and the water cheese was like a wheel. When the stone building rains a foot of peach blossoms, there must be red fish jumping green duckweed. " (Li Hongyi's "Yiyuan Garden") This poem vividly depicts a "lotus leaf picture of a fish play".

Section 7, write about the flower wall and porch. These two things seem to be accessories, but they can also reflect the characteristics of Suzhou gardens. Flower walls and porches make the whole garden quiet, melodious, cheerful, on-off and on-off, interspersed with each other, increasing the level and depth of the landscape. Therefore, the author said: "There are walls and corridors. The more levels, the deeper the scenery." There are many cloisters in the Lingering Garden, which are more than 700 meters long. There is no place to lean on on either side, and there are all kinds of hollowed-out patterns on the floor (called leaky windows, also called window grilles). The beauty lies in "never leaving, never ending", which makes tourists feel overwhelmed by twists and turns, and sometimes there is a feeling that "there is no road to doubt, and there is another village in the dark." Canglang Pavilion uses a corridor to connect the water outside the wall with the water inside the wall, which is a good example of borrowing scenery.

The leaky window in Suzhou itself is a pattern painting, and there are more than 100 kinds of leaky windows in Canglangting Corridor. And browsing the looming beauty through the leaking window is really like an excellent landscape painting, which makes people feel endless.

The purpose of adding flower walls, porches and leaky windows in the garden is to increase the viewing points, and strive to create more beautiful artistic conception from the limited space, so that viewers can feel the beauty.

The eighth section explains that "Suzhou gardens pay attention to the beauty of every corner". As a whole, Suzhou gardens are dense and alternate, with clear priorities, forming a complete artistic whole; As far as each area is concerned, it is also specially decorated, and it is difficult to find flaws. Taking books and grass beside the steps, Parthenocissus tricuspidata, roses and woody plants on the walls, and bamboo poles or plantains under the walls as examples, the author shows that the scenery can be arranged in a small range, which makes people appreciate it beautifully.

10 explains that the color of the building is also an important factor in the formation of aesthetic feeling. Beams, wooden windows and railings are dark red, walls are white, square tiles are light gray, roof tiles and eaves are light gray, and the surrounding vegetation is green. These colors are very harmonious and unified, thus giving people a feeling of "tranquility and leisure". At the flowering stage, flowers set each other off and become interesting, making the flowers more "bright and beautiful".

The third part is the end of the article.

Suzhou Garden, Section 6, 1. Because the flower walls and promenades in Suzhou gardens are unique, even if it snows heavily in autumn, you can appreciate the taste of life as long as you see it in Suzhou gardens.

I think the similarities between Qingyunpu Scenic Resort scenic spots and Suzhou garden buildings should be that they both pursue natural beauty and don't pay attention to symmetry.

From every place, it is a landscape painting with artistic style.

Ye Shengtao, Suzhou Garden Language Zone, Suzhou, China

1956, Tongji University published Suzhou Gardens compiled by Professor Chen Congzhou. There are as many as 195 photos of the garden, all of which are exquisite works of art: this can be said to be a pioneering work in the field of architecture and photography. I mailed this album and opened it after work. Always feel fresh and delicious, and seeing it once is a pleasant enjoyment. Eighteen years later, I began to get to know Professor Chen Congzhou, only knowing that he was still good at painting. He gave me many paintings of pine, bamboo, orchid and chrysanthemum, all of which are excellent works, and the charm is revealed between pen and ink. I once wrote a poem "Song of Fairy Cave" to thank him. In the first half, I wrote a book about his Suzhou gardens, and now I copy it here: "Wonderful gardens are rare for many years. I am deeply worried about all the plans of the government. Miss Tong often plays with window friends and traces all over the pavilion bank of the mountain path. " This means that Suzhou gardens remind me of my childhood. It is said that there are more than one hundred gardens in Suzhou, and I have been to more than ten. I have also been to some gardens in other places. If I have to say a general impression, I think Suzhou Gardens are specimens of gardens in China, and gardens in China are more or less influenced by Suzhou Gardens. Therefore, if anyone wants to appreciate the gardens in China, Suzhou Gardens can't be missed.

Designers and craftsmen are different in adapting to local conditions, ingenuity and success in gardening. But all the gardens in Suzhou have one thing in common. It seems that designers and craftsmen are pursuing the same thing: to ensure that no matter where visitors stand, there is always a perfect picture in front of them. In order to achieve this goal, they pay attention to the layout of pavilions, the coordination of rockery ponds, the foil of flowers and trees, and the level of close-up vision. In short, everything must exist in order to form a perfect picture, and it can't hurt the failure of beauty. They just want tourists to get the real feeling of "being there", and their achievements have realized their wishes. When tourists come to the garden, no one does not think of saying "in the painting" verbally.

The buildings in our country, from ancient palaces to modern ordinary houses, are mostly symmetrical, no matter what happens on the left, so is the right. Suzhou gardens can never pay attention to symmetry, as if deliberately avoiding it. There are pavilions or cloisters in the East, and there will never be the same pavilions or cloisters in the West.

Why is this? I think, for example, with pictures, symmetrical buildings are pattern paintings, not art paintings, and gardens are art paintings. Artistic painting requires natural interest, not symmetry.

There are rockeries and ponds in Suzhou gardens. The piling of rockeries can be said to be an art, not just a technology. Or mountains overlap, or several hills with bamboo and flowers. It all depends on the life experience of designers and craftsmen, and there are mountains and valleys in the chest. Only in this way can tourists look from a distance, as if they were watching the sketches of Yunshan or Ni Yunlin in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, forgetting Suzhou City when climbing the mountain, and only feeling that they are in the mountains. As for ponds, most of them refer to running water. Some gardens have spacious ponds, so the pond is the center of the whole garden, and other scenery is arranged in harmony. If the water looks like a river, bridges are usually arranged. If more than two bridges are arranged, they will be the same, not the same. There are few neat stone dikes beside ponds or rivers, and they are always left to their own devices. Still decorate a few delicate stones there, or plant some flowers and plants:

This is also to achieve the effect of looking at a picture from all angles. Goldfish or carp of various colors are kept in the pond, and lotus flowers or water lilies are in full bloom in summer and autumn. What tourists see is "fish playing between lotus leaves", which is another painting.

Painting is also the main way to plant trees and prune trees in Suzhou gardens. Tall trees and short trees are pitching. Deciduous trees and evergreen trees alternate with each other, and different kinds of flower trees alternate with each other when they bloom, so that you don't feel lonely all year round. There are no pines and cypresses trimmed like pagodas, and there are no roadside trees like parade: because from the aesthetic point of view of Chinese painting, it is not worth taking. Several gardens are full of Gu Teng, and the winding and rugged branches are a good painting. When the flowers bloom, they are full of jewels, which makes tourists feel infinite prosperity and joy, but they can't elaborate.

Visiting Suzhou gardens will inevitably pay attention to flower walls and promenades. Across the wall, with the corridor as the boundary, there are more levels and deeper scenery. However, there are various hollow patterns made of bricks on the walls, and most of the sides of the corridor are borderless. In fact, it is separated but not separated, and the boundary does not exist, thus increasing the depth of the scene. Several gardens have also installed a large mirror in a proper position, which is more hierarchical and almost doubles the whole garden.

Of course, tourists will not ignore another point, that is, Suzhou gardens pay attention to the beauty of every corner of the picture. There are some books with grass beside the steps. The wall is covered with ivy or rosewood. If the window is facing the white wall, it will be too monotonous. Add some bamboo or bananas. By analogy, only tourists can enjoy the beautiful scenery even if they only look at a small area.

The doors and windows, pattern design and carving skills in Suzhou gardens are all top arts and crafts. Generally speaking, those doors and windows are as exquisite as possible, not vulgar, even if they are simple and ingenious, four doors, eight doors and twelve doors, combined, everyone will admire that this is a highly beautiful pattern. Photographers like these doors and windows very much. They took light and shadow into consideration and took satisfactory photos.

Unlike Beijing, Suzhou gardens rarely use paintings. Beams and columns, as well as doors and windows, are mostly painted widely and are not dazzling colors. The walls are white. Some indoor walls are paved with square bricks in the lower half, with light gray and white as contrast. Roof tiles and eaves are light gray. These colors match the green of the vegetation, which makes people feel quiet and leisurely. When it comes to all kinds of flowers, it is even more beautiful.

Of course, I can say more than I write. I am still physically and mentally weak after my illness, and I don't want to write more. I have never seen this volume of Suzhou Gardens published by Landscape Pictorial Publishing House. Since I was asked to make a preface, I will briefly talk about my thoughts and feelings. I think the publication of this volume is a continuation of Professor Chen Congzhou's Suzhou Gardens, and there must be many photos in it to confirm my words.

The analysis of Suzhou garden fragments adopts the method of comparative explanation, which shows that Suzhou garden is asymmetric. In the second half, a metaphor is used to illustrate that Suzhou gardens are asymmetric.

Description of Suzhou Gardens Ye Shengtao Suzhou Gardens are said to have more than 100 places, but I have only been to more than 20 places. I have also been to some gardens in other places. If I have to say a general impression, I think Suzhou Gardens are specimens of gardens in China, and gardens in China are more or less influenced by Suzhou Gardens. Therefore, if anyone wants to appreciate the gardens in China, Suzhou Gardens can't be missed.

Designers and craftsmen adapt to local conditions, and successful gardens are certainly different. But all the gardens in Suzhou have one thing in common. It seems that designers and craftsmen are pursuing the same thing: to ensure that no matter where visitors stand, there is always a perfect picture in front of them. In order to achieve this goal, they pay attention to the layout of pavilions, the coordination of rockery ponds, the foil of flowers and trees, and the level of close-up vision. In short, everything must exist in order to form a perfect picture, and it can't hurt the failure of beauty. They just want visitors to get the aesthetic feeling of "picturesque", and their achievements have realized their wishes. When tourists come to the garden, no one does not think of saying "as in painting" orally.

Most of the buildings in China, from ancient palaces to modern ordinary houses, are symmetrical, no matter what the left side is, so is the right side. Suzhou gardens can never pay attention to symmetry, as if deliberately avoiding it. There are pavilions or cloisters in the East, and there will never be the same pavilions or cloisters in the West. Why is this? I think, for example, with pictures, symmetrical buildings are pattern paintings, not art paintings, and gardens are art paintings. Artistic painting requires natural interest, not symmetry.

There are rockeries and ponds in Suzhou gardens. The piling of rockeries can be said to be an art, not just a technology. Whether it is a mountain or a hill with flowers and trees, it is the life experience of designers and craftsmen and the high valley in their hearts, which makes tourists forget Suzhou City when climbing and only feel that they are in the mountains. As for ponds, most of them refer to running water. Some gardens have spacious ponds, so the pond is the center of the whole garden, and other scenery is arranged in harmony. If the water looks like a river, bridges are usually arranged. If more than two bridges are arranged, they will be the same, not the same. There are few neat stone dikes beside ponds or rivers, and they are always left to their own devices. There are also some exquisite stones arranged there, or some flowers and plants are planted: this is also to achieve the effect of looking at a painting from all angles. Goldfish or carp of various colors are kept in the pond, and lotus flowers or water lilies are in full bloom in summer and autumn. Visitors can see "fish playing between lotus leaves", which is another painting.

Painting is also the main way to plant trees and prune trees in Suzhou gardens. Tall trees and short trees are pitching. Deciduous trees and evergreen trees alternate with each other, and different kinds of flower trees alternate with each other when they bloom, so that you don't feel lonely all year round. There are no pines and cypresses trimmed like pagodas, and there are no roadside trees like parade: because from the aesthetic point of view of Chinese painting, it is not worth taking. Several gardens are full of Gu Teng, and the winding and rugged branches are a good painting. When the flowers bloom, they are full of jewels, which makes tourists feel infinite prosperity and joy, but they can't say it.

Visiting Suzhou gardens will inevitably pay attention to flower walls and promenades. Across the wall, with the corridor as the boundary, there are more levels and deeper scenery. However, there are various hollow patterns made of bricks on the walls, and most of the sides of the veranda are borderless. In fact, it is separated but not separated, and the boundary does not exist, thus increasing the depth of the scene. Several gardens have also installed a large mirror in a proper position, which is more hierarchical and almost doubles the whole garden.

Of course, tourists will not ignore another point, that is, Suzhou gardens pay attention to the beauty of every corner of the picture. There are some books with grass beside the steps. The wall is covered with ivy or rosewood. If the window is facing the white wall, it will be too monotonous. Add some bamboo or bananas. By analogy, only tourists can enjoy the beautiful scenery even if they only look at a small area.

The doors and windows, pattern design and carving skills in Suzhou gardens are all top arts and crafts. Generally speaking, those doors and windows are as refined as possible, never vulgar, even if they are simple and ingenious. Four, eight, twelve. Taken together, everyone must admire this is a high degree of pattern beauty. Photographers like these doors and windows very much. They took light and shadow into consideration and took satisfactory photos.

Unlike Beijing, Suzhou gardens rarely use paintings. Most of the beams and columns, as well as the railings of doors and windows, are painted widely, which is a non-dazzling color. The walls are white. Some indoor walls are paved with square bricks in the lower half, with light gray and white as contrast. Roof tiles and eaves are light gray. These colors match the green of the vegetation, which makes people feel quiet and leisurely. When flowers bloom, all kinds of flowers are more vivid.

Of course, you can say more than that, so I won't write much here.

The second part of Suzhou Garden is layered. 2. No, this reflects the accurate and thorough wording of the explanatory text.