What are the main meridians of the human body?

First, the name of the twelve meridians

(1) naming principle

Internal yin and external yang: the theory of yin and yang runs through the whole theory of traditional Chinese medicine, and the meridian system is also named after yin and yang The meridians distributed inside the limbs are Yin meridians, and the meridians distributed outside the limbs are Yang meridians. One yin and one yang develop into three Yin San yang, and there is a corresponding relationship between them, that is, the front, middle and back of the inner side of the limb, which are called Taiyin, Jueyin and Shaoyin respectively; The front, middle and back of the limbs are called Yangming, Shaoyang and Taiyang respectively.

Zang-fu organs are yin, and fu-fu organs are yang: those zang-fu organs "store essence without diarrhea" are dirty yin, and those "spread and spread" are fu-fu yang. Every yin meridian belongs to a zang-fu organ, every yang meridian belongs to a fu-organ, and every meridian is named after this fu-organ.

Upper and lower limbs: meridians distributed in upper limbs, with the word "hand" as the front; The meridians distributed in the lower limbs are all preceded by the word "foot".

(2) the specific name

According to the yin-yang properties of zang-fu organs connected by meridians and the differences of limbs, the twelve meridians; Specifically divided into three yin meridians of the hand; Three yang meridians of the hand, three yin meridians of the foot and four yang meridians of the foot. "

The twelve meridians's name is: lung meridian of hand Taiyin, pericardium meridian of hand Jueyin, heart meridian of hand Shaoyin, large intestine meridian of hand Yangming, triple energizer meridian of hand Shaoyang, small intestine meridian of hand Taiyin, spleen meridian of foot Taiyin, liver meridian of foot Jueyin, kidney meridian of foot Shaoyin, stomach meridian of foot Yangming, gallbladder meridian of foot Shaoyang and bladder meridian of foot Taiyang. The hand meridians distributed in the upper limbs and the foot meridians distributed in the lower limbs circulate back and forth. The yin meridian distributed inside the limbs (the flexion side of the upper limbs) belongs to the dirty; Yang meridian, distributed outside the limbs (the extension side of upper limbs), belongs to the viscera.

yin channel

Yang meridian (dirty)

Circulatory part (of viscera)

(Yin meridian runs on the inner side and Yang meridian runs on the outer side)

Lung meridian of Taiyin of hand

Jueyin pericardium meridian

Shaoyin Heart Meridian Yangming Large Intestine Meridian

Shaoyang sanjiaojing

The small intestine of the sun passes through the front line of the upper limb.

median

Dorsal line of livestock

Spleen meridian of foot Taiyin

Jueyin liver meridian

Shaoyin kidney meridian Yangming stomach meridian

Shaoyang gallbladder meridian

Front line of lower limbs of taiyang bladder meridian

median

Dorsal line of livestock

Second, the trend and handover law of the twelve meridians.

(a) the direction of the twelve meridians.

The starting point of the three yin meridians of the hand is from the chest, through the breast (the inner muscle of the upper arm) to the finger tip; The three yang meridians of the hand follow the fingers (points) of the arm from the fingers up to the head and face; The foot three yang descends through the head and face, passes through the trunk and lower limbs, and ends between the toes; The three yin meridians of the foot go up between the toes and stop at the chest and abdomen. "The third yin of the hand, walking from the chest; The third yang of the hand, walk from the hand; The foot of three yang, the first line; Foot three yin, self-sufficient to the abdomen. " This is a high generalization of the trend law of the twelve meridians.

(B) the twelve meridians's handover law

The connection between yin meridian and yang meridian: that is, the blocking meridian and yang meridian are connected in four limbs. For example, the lung meridian of hand Taiyin and the large intestine meridian of hand Yangming meet at the index finger end; The heart meridian of hand shaoyin meets the small intestine meridian of hand taiyang at the little finger; The pericardium meridian of hand jueyin intersects with the triple energizer meridian of hand shaoyang from palm to ring finger; The stomach meridian of foot Yangming intersects the spleen meridian of foot Taiyin from tarsal bone (that is, dorsum of foot) to big toe; The bladder meridian of Foot Taiyang runs obliquely from the little toe of foot to the center of foot, and intersects with the kidney meridian of Foot Shaoyin. The gallbladder meridian of foot shaoyang originates from tarsal bone until the big toe meets the liver meridian of foot jueyin.

Yang meridian and Yang meridian meet: that is, three Yang meridians with the same name of hands and feet meet on the head. For example, the Yangming meridian of the hand and foot is connected with the nose, the Sun meridian of the hand and foot is connected with the inner canthus, and the Shaoyang meridian of the hand and foot is connected with the outer canthus.

Yin meridian perineum: that is, the Yin meridian will be in the chest and abdomen. For example, Foot Taiyin Meridian intersects with Hand Shaoyin Meridian in the heart, Foot Shaoyin Meridian intersects with Hand Jueyin Meridian in the chest, and Foot Jueyin Meridian intersects with Hand Taiyin Meridian in the lung.

The trend is also closely related to the handover law. Together, it is: the three yin meridians of the hand, the hand from the chest, and the three yang meridians; Three yang meridians of the hand, starting from the hand and passing through the three yang meridians; Foot three yang meridian, walk, pass three yin meridians; The three Yin meridians of the foot, from the foot to the abdomen (chest), confront with the three Yin meridians, forming a path of "Yin and Yang intersect, like endless life", which is the trend and handover law of the twelve meridians.

In short, the circulation of the twelve meridians, which belongs to the six zang-organs (five zang-organs plus pericardium), is called "Yin Meridian", which mostly circulates in the inner limbs and chest and abdomen. On the inside of the upper limb, it is the Sanyinjing of the hand, and the hand moves from the chest; The person on the inner side of the lower limbs, that is, the three yin meridians of the foot, moves from the foot to the abdomen (chest). All meridians belonging to the six fu organs are called "yang meridians", and most of them run along the outside of limbs, head, face and trunk. The outer side of the upper limb is the three yang meridians of the hand, and the head is walking conveniently; The outer side of the limb is the foot three yang meridians, which run from head to toe: the yang meridians run on the outer side and the yin meridians run on the inner side.

Third, the distribution and exterior-interior relationship of the twelve meridians.

(1) The distribution of the twelve meridians.

The distribution of the twelve meridians on the body surface is regular. Specifically from the following three aspects to elaborate.

Head and face: the three yang meridians of the hand end at the head and face, the three yang meridians of the foot start at the head and face, and the three yang meridians of the hand and foot meet at the head and face, so it is called "the meeting of all yang".

The distribution characteristics of the twelve meridians in the head and face are as follows: (1) The Yangming Meridian of hands and feet is distributed within the denomination; The sun meridian of the hand is distributed on the cheek; The shaoyang meridians of hands and feet are distributed in the temples of ears; The meridians of the foot sun are distributed on the top of the head and occipital neck. In addition, the meridian of foot Jue Yin also runs on the upper part.

The distribution law of the twelve meridians in the head and face is: Yangming is in front, Shaoyang is in the side, and the sun is in the back.

Trunk: The general rule of the twelve meridians's distribution in the trunk is that the Yin San and Yangming meridians of the foot are distributed in the chest and abdomen (front), the Sanyang and Taiyang meridians of the hand are distributed in the scapula, back and waist (back), and the Yin San, Shaoyang and Jueyin meridians of the hand are distributed in the armpit, hypochondriac and lateral abdomen (side).