What is IPA?

IPA has many explanations. I don't know what environment the landlord uses, as follows:

International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)

The International Phonetic Alphabet, whose original meaning is "International Phonetic Alphabet" or IPA for short, was formulated by the International Phonetic Association.

1888, initiated by British H~ West, completed by French P~ Passy and British D~ Jones, was published in Phonetic Teachers (the predecessor of the International Phonetic Association, Journal of Phonetic Teachers Association), which is the first international phonetic symbol in history. After many revisions, the current revision scheme is 1979.

The International Phonetic Alphabet strictly stipulates the principle of "one symbol and one sound", that is, "one phoneme, one symbol and one phoneme". Based on the Latin alphabet, but due to the huge differences in human pronunciation, the limited Latin alphabet is far from enough, so we change the font and borrow letters from other languages to supplement it. Pronunciation, in order to take care of habits, most symbols are based on the principle of still reading the original sounds of Latin or other languages.

The International Phonetic Alphabet was created by British and French scholars, which is mainly applicable to the annotation of Indo-European languages, African languages and some minority languages. After its publication, it became popular in European linguistics. Most Americans still use their own symbols to learn the language of American Indians.

Consonants in the International Phonetic Alphabet that are the same as Latin letters are [p], [t], [d], [k], [g], [m], [n], [f], [v], [s], [h], [z], [l] and [w]. [u], their usage is closer to the pronunciation in Spanish or Italian, such as I in English piece and oo in English food.

The International Phonetic Alphabet is the most important tool for recording pronunciation, and it is also an indispensable tool for learning a language.

international photographic association

international photographic association

The International Photography Association is an academic, professional, non-political and non-religious global photography organization composed of photographers and photography groups from all over the world.

Purpose of the association: to record history, spread civilization, unite film friends, enhance friendship, exchange skills and promote the prosperity and development of international photography.

The main tasks of the Association are: to actively promote and support photographers and photography organizations from all over the world to carry out photography creation, exchange photography skills, study photography theory, develop photography education, actively develop photography culture industry, build a bridge between producers of photographic equipment, producers and users of photographic works, and devote themselves to promoting international photography cultural exchanges, expanding friendly exchanges and enhancing mutual understanding; Planning and organizing international photography exhibitions, competitions and awards, rewarding and commending outstanding photographers, important photography creation achievements, theoretical research achievements of photography culture, and members who have made outstanding contributions in photography organization, education and editing; Establish organizations to protect members' rights and interests, and safeguard members' rights and interests according to international laws and organizations.

International professional certification association

International Certification Association International Vocational Certification Association (IPA) is an international functional organization specializing in international vocational qualification certification and business standard certification of industrial organizations. Up to now, IPA has held the 2nd1Congress all over the world, with nearly 80 member organizations including the United States, Britain, France, Germany, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Japan and Singapore.

The International Certification Association has established worldwide professional grade certification examinations with nearly 100 world-renowned institutions of higher learning and certification institutions such as European Business School, Harvard University, Cambridge University, Yale University and Stanford University, and provided professional training and certification services for senior managers of hundreds of multinational companies.

IPA has been widely recognized and welcomed by UNESCO, the U.S. Department of Education, the World Bank and government agencies and markets at all levels in China. IPA certificate is the only comprehensive certificate of China Embassy in the United States, and IPA international vocational qualification certificate is recognized by the Ministry of Education. With IPA certificate, students can apply for the qualification certificate of enterprise management talent pool of the Ministry of Personnel and the certificate of Chinese Embassy in the United States.

International pharmaceutical abstracts

IPA refers to international pharmaceutical abstracts in information retrieval, that is, international pharmaceutical abstracts.

Isopropyl alcohol

Alias: dimethyl methanol; -Propanol; Dimethyl methanol; Isopropyl alcohol

English name: iso-Propyl alcohol, commonly known as IPA.

Molecular formula: C3H8O

It is an isomer of n-propanol CH3-CH2-CH2OH.

InChI 1/CH4N2O/C2- 1(3)4/h(H4，2，3，4)/f/h2-3H2

The molecular weight is 60.07 g/mol.

Si Nuo. [57- 13-6]

Physical and chemical properties:

Colorless and transparent liquid with the smell of mixture of ethanol and acetone.

Solubility: Soluble in most organic solvents such as water, alcohol, ether, benzene and chloroform.

Colorless orange liquid.

It is miscible with water, alcohol and ether.

Its steam and air will form an explosive mixture.

The allowable limit is 8% by volume.

Toxic.

Mp -88.5℃，bp82.5℃。 Fp (closed cup) 53℃(.7℉)n20D 1.3772.

Main uses:

Important chemical products and raw materials. Mainly used as dehydrating agent and cleaning agent in medicine, cosmetics, plastics, spices, coatings and electronics industries. Reagents for determination of barium, calcium, magnesium, nickel, potassium, sodium and strontium. Chromatographic analysis of reference materials. For the electronics industry. Solvent.

Production of isopropanol:

Firstly, 90 ~ 95% sulfuric acid is used to absorb propylene CH3CHCH2 (separated from pyrolysis liquefied petroleum gas), then water is added to decompose isopropyl sulfuric acid, and then isopropanol is distilled.

Packaging, storage and transportation:

First-class flammable liquid. Sealed and preserved. 150Kg barrel, which should be stored in a cool and ventilated special warehouse, far away from the fire source, and stored and transported according to the regulations of flammable chemicals.

Apple application file format

Xxx.ipa is the format of application files under Apple app store. You can sync to your iphone or itouch through itunes.

Hope to adopt!