How to choose colors in photographic design.

Skills of choosing primary colors in photography

Shadow tone in photography comes from music, which comes from the terminology in music, because photography, a picture composed of light and shadow changes, has musical visual rhythm and rhythm.

For photographic works, "hue" is also called the hue or hue of photos. Refers to the relationship between the brightness level of the picture, the contrast between reality and reality, and the hue brightness of the color. Through these relationships, the viewer feels the flow and change of light.

Lines, shapes, colors and other elements in photos are all reflected by hue. For example, lines are the boundaries of different tones on the screen.

All colors in nature (that is, intrinsic colors) have three main characteristics: hue, saturation and lightness. But for black-and-white photos, a variety of visible colors are reflected in black-and-white photos, and only three levels of black, white and gray are formed, and the difference between them is only in brightness, so that the ever-changing colors in nature lose their two most important characteristics-hue and saturation of colors, and only retain brightness (lightness). Scenery with different brightness changes into corresponding black, white and gray levels, forming a light and dark level. Because we don't have the characteristics of color, we call the tone in black and white photography "shadow tone", which is characterized by showing rich and colorful tones.

First, the tone of black and white photos

Shadows are closely related to the light between flowing objects. In photographic pictures, the tone structure now has the following aspects:

First, it shows a gradual change from white (high brightness) to black (low brightness). In black-and-white photography, hue can not only reflect the object image, but also abstractly reproduce the inherent color corresponding to the original scene. For example, red is dark gray, yellow is light gray, there is black in black and white in white. There are many gray levels, and the brightness of the image changes greatly, which is called shades; On the contrary, black, white and gray have a strong transition, which shows a leap change and few gray levels, which is called a single coarse tune.

Secondly, different tones can produce different visual feelings. Rich colors help to produce a feeling of tranquility, gentleness and comfort; Rough tones help people feel strong, powerful, intense and excited.

Thirdly, the gray tones visually observed by people in nature are infinitely many 9-order gray scales. Chromatograms are used to roughly classify tones and serve as the basis for identifying and recording tones.

Fourthly, different degrees of black, white and gray in photos have different visual feelings. Black gives you a sense of solemnity, stability and depression; White gives people a sense of holiness, clarity and openness; Gray gives people a clear sense of black and white, giving people a normal sense of coordination. The different changes of gray are often used harmoniously in the picture to bridge the black and white poles and make them coordinated.

Fifth, the collocation and transition of black, white and gray in the photo become hierarchical configuration. Different configurations produce different visual perception tendencies, thus forming different "patterns" of photos.

Second, the mode of black and white photos

The tone of black and white photos is usually summarized as middle tone, low key and high key.

1, alto

The middle tone is a shadow tone with various gray tones as the main tone. Because the tenor is gray, the tenor is also called gray.

Intermediate tone is the tone of a photo, which can produce a feeling of peace and lightness. Obviously, alto lacks a strong impact on tone, but it is expressive to all kinds of subjects and relatively free in expression. The picture is close to life, unobtrusive and thematic, which is why most photos are in the middle tone. Because of the clear explanation, most news and documentary photos are in the middle tone.

The contrast is strong (big contrast), and the alto gives people a sense of anger, strength and excitement; Compared with plain photos, the middle tone gives people a feeling of desolation, depression and simplicity.

2. Clear position

Photos with white gray (white, light gray, light gray, medium gray) are called high-profile photos. High-profile photos give people a sense of holiness, clarity and openness, so high-profile photos give people a visual feeling of lightness, purity, liveliness, comeliness, tranquility, elegance and comfort.

High-profile photos are not "all white". A small amount of black (or dark color) is essential in a light and elegant tone environment. These dark tones often become the visual center of the picture.

Step 3 avoid being conspicuous

Black or black-gray photos are called low-key photos. Low-key photos are reminiscent of the night, so low-key photos can give people a mysterious, implicit, solemn, solemn, generous, stubborn and powerful visual experience.

Low-key can appear dignified and sad in some emotional atmosphere. There are many examples in daily life. For example, the clothes of politicians after talks.

The basis of low-key formation is black, but the photo is not black, and two colors (highlights) must be supplemented in the corresponding position. It is precisely because of the large dark tone that the small bright color often becomes the visual center of the whole picture because of its prominence.

Low-key photos are suitable for subjects with black as the main tone. In portrait photography, low-key photos are often used to create powerful and solemn men, while for women, it produces a cold and elegant mysterious charm.

4. Problems that must be paid attention to in timbre configuration and improvement methods.

One is to determine the tone according to the characteristics of the subject. Second, the timbre configuration should perfectly highlight the main body. The most effective way is to highlight a color block (scenery, objects, people) by contrast, so that it has more visual impact. The third is to prevent the average distribution of black and white contrast and avoid the distinction between primary and secondary. The rhythm formed by tonal changes is one of the important factors of black-and-white photos or visual effects. The fourth is to improve the tone with other measures. For example, the filter is used in the early stage, and the enlarged paper with different contrast is used in the darkroom production in the later stage to partially block and adjust the developing components, and the color of the picture can be controlled by some technical means such as midway exposure and positive and negative superposition.

Third, the color tone of color photos

Tone refers to the basic tone of the picture color, that is, the tendency of the main colors in the picture. Tones are divided into warm tones, cool tones and intermediate tones. It can also be divided into more delicate colors on the basis of cold and warm intermediate colors, such as contrast, harmony, shade, light color, bright color, gray tone and so on.