Sonyt77 turns to night portrait mode, and it feels blurred. What happened?

First, the characteristics of night photography

1 Night photography with prominent subject and distinct theme, because the sky is dark, some unnecessary or even destructive scenes are covered by darkness, and the main part of the subject or scene is highlighted with appropriate lighting because of the need of shooting, giving people a vivid impression. For example, when shooting a construction site, it is difficult to avoid some messy deposits or dilapidated sheds in the daytime, but at night, most of these things are hidden in the dark, but the subject is easily highlighted by the light. It can be seen that night photography has the characteristics of prominent subject and distinct theme.

2. Exaggerate the atmosphere of scene rendering Night photography has the specialty of exaggerating the atmosphere of scene rendering because of its unique shooting method and tone processing technique. It can use light to create a tone, exaggerate the scenery, make them more prominent than the real scenery, and have a strong appeal. In addition, it can also use special shooting technology, make full use of the characteristics of the surrounding environment and render it reasonably, so that the atmosphere of the shooting scene is very strong.

For example, shooting the train station during the day, the picture is not lively, there are not many trains, and the atmosphere is not strong. If you shoot at night, you can use the method of multiple exposures to open the shutter every time the train comes, so that bright locomotive lights can stay on the picture, thus obtaining the busy effect of train operation.

There are many light sources, and double-night photography often has multiple light sources at the same time, which is different from daytime photography. Such as lights, flames, moonlight or the afterglow of sunset. It plays a dual role in night photography: it is not only the light source of illumination, but also an indispensable part of the picture. If there is no light, fire or moonlight in night photography, the atmosphere of night photography will be greatly weakened.

4 subject, still life is the main way to shoot night scenes, and the subject is mainly static scenery, which is generally not suitable for shooting fast-moving objects. Due to the weak light at night, the illumination of various scenes is very low, and the exposure time is long when shooting. In addition, the contrast of night light is very strong, and there is a great difference between bright and dark places. If rapid exposure is used, the negative film is underexposed, the picture level is reduced, and the photo lacks charm.

Second, the matters needing attention in night photography

1 Prevent the camera from moving. When shooting at night, the camera should be screwed on a tripod or placed in a stable and firm place. Adjust the aperture, press the shutter and observe the scenery. Don't touch the fuselage, especially when exposed many times. Otherwise, the negative film will appear ghosting, which will lead to shooting failure.

2 The use of aperture When shooting night scenes, special attention should be paid to the use of aperture. Because it affects the clarity of the scene. Some night scenes, because the light is very dark, can not accurately determine the shooting distance. Therefore, the methods of reducing aperture and increasing depth of field are often used to deal with it. When shooting night scenes, the commonly used aperture is f5.6 or f8. The positions of some scenes are relatively fixed, and the light changes little. The aperture can be appropriately smaller, but the exposure time should be extended accordingly, so that the clear range of the scene can be larger. When multiple exposures are made, the exposure can be adjusted through the aperture according to the intensity of light on the spot.

3 Measurement of distance The measurement of shooting distance should be as accurate as possible, otherwise it will directly affect the clarity of the scene. Generally speaking, when shooting a big scene at night, the distance can be placed at infinity. If you take a shot or close-up, you should focus on it. The clearer the focus, the better. The focus should be fixed on the position of the subject or the main part of the scene, and then measured after being illuminated by a flashlight. You can also use bright spots near the subject instead of measurement. Once the distance is determined, it cannot be changed at will during shooting.

4 mastering the exposure of night photography is more complicated, and you can't rely on the exposure meter. We should explore the law from reality. There are two exposure methods: one exposure and multiple exposures.

(1) One exposure: One exposure is easier to master. Before shooting, before shooting, put the camera on a tripod, and then determine the shooting object and framing range. After framing, check the fixation of the camera again, and control the opening of the shutter with the release of the cable to make a timed exposure. Without cable release, the lens cover can be used to control the open shutter.

(2) Multiple exposures: More than two exposures are called multiple exposures. It is a method used only when one exposure cannot complete the shooting task. Using multiple exposures, some scenes can be shot in stages, making the picture rich in content and lively in form.

When using multiple exposures, we should pay attention to: first, separate the scenes with different light intensities, so that the darkest scene is exposed more first, and the brightest scene is exposed less later. Second, some scenes can't be exposed first or more, and artificial light can be used to properly enhance the brightness of dark scenes to adjust the contrast of the picture. Thirdly, for some scenes with too strong or too weak light, the film can be thinned or thickened, and enlarged can also be remedied if it cannot be adjusted on site.

It is difficult to have a definite number for night shooting exposure. Exposure time of more than one second depends on the photographer's experience. Generally speaking, exposure should be controlled more strictly when exposure is carried out. When multiple exposures are made, the exposure time has a lot of room for expansion. If you find that some scenes or parts of scenes are not exposed enough, you can open the shutter again to make up for it. No matter one exposure or multiple exposures, there is still the afterglow of sunset in the sky when shooting, so the exposure time should be tightened, and underexposure is better than overexposure. If overexposed, the photos will lose their night features.

In order to master the exposure time of night scene photography, the night scene exposure schedule is provided for your reference.

Third, night photography practice

1, the night scene of the construction site includes factories, buildings, hydropower stations, railways, mines, stations and docks under construction. The shooting angle of this kind of subject matter should be selected according to the author's creative intention and the characteristics of the construction site. The best time to shoot is at the climax of the construction site, or when the project is about to be completed. In order to set off the main body and explain the environment, we should pay attention to the use of the surrounding natural conditions, such as mountains, rivers, the moon, adjacent buildings and so on. If you shoot at dusk or before dawn, don't overexpose the sky. Exposure mode can be one-time exposure or multiple exposures. If the lighting on the construction site is still fully on and it is dark, it can be exposed many times. Expose first, record the outline of the scene, and then shoot the lights. The night scene of the construction site should pay attention to the atmosphere.

2. Shooting of rural night scenes Generally speaking, the lighting of rural night scenes is not as concentrated as that of cities and construction sites, but if handled well, it can also shoot an ideal environment, such as night harvesters, tractors, threshing floors, small hydropower stations, open-air movies, rural performances and other night scenes. In order to highlight the activities of people, we should choose the natural scenery around us, such as grain piles, haystacks, Woods, mountains, running water, snow and so on.

3. Shooting the night view of the city Because of the dense population, dense houses and messy scenery in the city, the night view photographer must be clear about his creative intention and choose a certain angle and scenery. The shooting angle depends on the height of the scene. In addition, the shooting position should be chosen in a secluded place, which will not affect the traffic and will not be easily collided by pedestrians. If shooting night pop teams and street performances, it is best to use quick-acting films, which are not easy to blur the images. The exposure of city night photography can be done once or many times, depending on the scenery.

4. To take a moonlight photo, you can take two negatives one by one, and then stack them in the darkroom. The method is: first, expose for a long time, shoot the scenery in moonlight on one negative, then expose for a short time, and shoot the moon on another negative. Of course, you can also shoot the moonlit night with negative film. When exposing, cover the moon with your hand first, and move your hand a few seconds before the end of the exposure of the ground scenery to expose the moon on the negative. If there are clouds in the sky when shooting, you can expose the ground scenery when the moon enters the clouds. Wait until the moon comes out of the clouds, and then show the moon.

5. Shooting troops and militia for night training, vigilance, patrol and other activities can also be made into beautiful night photos. It is ideal to shoot at night with luminous ammunition, and the actions of soldiers can be photographed through the firepower of bullets. When shooting searchlights to alert the night sky, you can use the method of multiple exposures, shooting the beam of searchlights once and shooting the ground scenery once. When shooting night training of warships, slow exposure can be used, leaving white lines of warship lights on the negative to make warships dynamic. At the same time, try to shoot the outline of the general body and the reflection of light, and the picture has a sense of stillness. The combination of motion and static will enhance the expressive force of photos.

Shooting the night scenes of soldiers and militiamen standing guard can adopt multiple exposures, one for soldiers in light or moonlight, and one for warning targets.

6. Shooting Fireworks When shooting fireworks, you should know the shooting direction of fireworks in advance and determine the shooting angle and position. If the whole process of fireworks is photographed, the fireworks will rise, bloom and go out. If you shoot a part of the fireworks, when the fireworks are about to bloom after rising, open the shutter and record the most representative wonderful moments on the photographic film. You can also use two negatives to shoot separately, use the upper part of one negative to shoot the ground scenery, and then superimpose it into a beautiful fireworks photo. You can also use a negative to shoot twice, once to look up at the fireworks for a short time and once to look down at the ground scenery for a long time. It must be noted that during the second shooting, the ground scenery should not overlap with the fireworks in the air. Therefore, before shooting, we should estimate the distribution of two parts of the scene on the same picture.