I want to know about the aperture and speed on the camera, as well as the white balance, and the relationship between exposure and how to use them.

First of all, you should understand their basic concepts and their uses.

1. Aperture is a device used to control the amount of light entering the photosensitive surface of the fuselage through the lens. Usually in the camera. We use the f value to represent the aperture size. The complete series of aperture values are as follows: f 1, f 1. 4, f2, f2 .8, f4, f5 .6, f8, f 1 1, f 16, f22, f32, f44, f64. It is worth mentioning that the smaller the F value of the aperture, the more light enters in the same unit time. For example, if the aperture is adjusted from f8 to f5.6, the amount of light entering will double. We also said that the aperture should be opened one level. For consumer digital cameras, the aperture f value is often between f2.8-f 16. In addition, many digital cameras can adjust the aperture by 1/3.

2. Shutter speed is an important parameter of digital camera shutter, and the shutter speed of different models of digital cameras is completely different. Therefore, when shooting a scene with a certain type of digital camera, we must first know the shutter speed, because only by considering the start time of the shutter and grasping the release time of the shutter can we capture a vivid picture. Usually, the shutter of ordinary digital cameras is mostly within11000 seconds, which can basically cope with most daily shooting.

3. The English name of White Balance is White Balance. The color of the object will change due to the color of the projected light, and the photos taken under different light conditions will have different color temperatures. For example, a photo taken under the illumination of tungsten lamp (light bulb) may be yellow. Generally speaking, CCD can't automatically correct the change of light like human eyes. The following pictures show different images under different colors of light.

The picture uses natural light. After white balance, the image is blue. If white balance is used in light, the color of the picture will return to the primary color state. White balance will immediately adjust the intensity of the red, green and blue colors of the whole image according to the characteristics of the image in the current portrait, and correct the errors caused by external light. Some cameras provide manual white balance adjustment in addition to automatic white balance or specific color temperature white balance function.

Balance means that the digital camera defaults to "white" regardless of the ambient light, that is to say, it can recognize white under colored light and balance the tones of other colors. Color is essentially an explanation of light. What looks white in normal light may not look white in dark light, and "white" under fluorescent light is also "non-white". If the white balance can be adjusted for all this, other colors based on "white" can be correctly restored in the obtained photos. At present, most commercial digital cameras provide white balance adjustment function. As mentioned above, the white balance is closely related to the surrounding light, so the use of the flash will be restricted when the white balance function is started, otherwise the change of ambient light will invalidate the white balance or interfere with the normal white balance. Generally, there are many modes of white balance, which are suitable for different scenes, such as automatic white balance, tungsten wire white balance, fluorescent white balance, indoor white balance and manual adjustment.

Automatic exposure is the default setting of many digital cameras. In this exposure mode, the camera will automatically control the shooting exposure, and the user does not need to do anything at all. The sensor on the camera can automatically set the aperture value and shutter speed according to the intensity of light reflected from the scene. Exposure control is mainly used to adjust the overall brightness of the scene. If the subject is too dark, you can adjust the exposure compensation ratio to increase the brightness. High-end digital cameras can support 2-3 levels of adjustment in each direction (enhanced 1/3EV), while other lower-priced digital cameras support 1-2 levels of adjustment (enhanced 1/2EV).

Understand the above basic knowledge, and you will have a basic concept of camera. The aperture is used to adjust the amount of light entering the camera. If it is in a dark environment, you need to turn up the aperture. In a well-lit environment, the aperture can be lowered appropriately. The larger the aperture, the faster the shutter speed. White balance is actually a matter of color, that is, whether the photos you find are the same as those in the real world. Generally speaking, digital cameras have automatic white balance settings. For beginners, automatic white balance is enough. Exposure is even less important, because most digital cameras are exposed automatically now. All you have to do is focus and press the shutter.