Seeking Jin Jingchang's resume

Jin Jingchang —— One of the important founders of urban planning education in China

( 19 10— )

Release date: 2006-09- 1 19: 34 Brief introduction of China science and technology experts.

Jin Jingchang is one of the important founders of urban planning education in China, an urban planner and photographer. Long-term commitment to urban planning education in China, has trained several generations of urban planning talents.

In education, we attach great importance to the combination of theory and practice, advocate the all-round development of urban planners, and promote and develop the theories and methods of urban planning in China in practice.

Jin Jingchang, pen name Jin. 19 10 12 was born in Wuchang and moved to Yangzhou, where he spent his boyhood. 193 1 September, admitted to the Department of Civil Engineering of Tongji University in Shanghai, and graduated from 1937. War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out and Shanghai fell, so he went to Darmstadt University of Technology for further study in the autumn of 1938, studied road and urban engineering and urban planning successively, and graduated in the spring of 1940. Unable to return to China during World War II, he stayed in Germany and worked as an engineer in the School of Road and Urban Engineering of Darmstadt University of Technology. From 65438 to 0945, he also participated in the post-war reconstruction of Damstedt City. /kloc-returned to China at the end of 0/946 and worked for the Urban Planning Committee of Shanghai Works Bureau. After careful investigation and study, Cheng Shifu, Zhong and Huang Zuoshen revised and completed the first draft, second draft and third draft of the master plan of Shanghai urban planning at that time. After its establishment, People's Republic of China (PRC) continued to serve as the consultant of Shanghai Construction Committee and Planning Administration. He often participates in the discussion and research of some major issues in Shanghai's urban planning, and sometimes puts forward his own planning scheme.

From 65438 to 0947, Jin Jingchang worked in Tongji University and began his urban planning teaching career.

Jin Jingchang actively participated in some academic activities at home and abroad. 1956 accompanied Liang Sicheng to visit Germany and the Soviet Union. After the Cultural Revolution, he visited the Federal Republic of Germany twice and gave lectures in several universities. He also participated in the visit of the China urban planning delegation to Japan. 1978, the Academic Committee of Urban Planning of China Architectural Society was established in Lanzhou. He was elected as the vice chairman, but later he was appointed as an adviser because of his advanced age. He is also the vice chairman of Shanghai Traffic Engineering Society.

Establishing the first urban planning teaching and research section in China.

From 1947, when Jin Jingchang was a professor in the Department of Civil Engineering of Tongji University, he first offered the course of "Urban Planning" in China, and introduced some new planning theories at that time. 1950 co-sponsored with professor Feng Jizhong to open municipal courses in senior grades of civil engineering, and undertook the teaching of all professional courses. 1952 department adjustment, the civil engineering departments of more than a dozen universities in East China are concentrated in Tongji University. In the Department of Architecture, the earliest urban planning teaching and research section in China was established, with Jin Jingchang as the director. He held this position until 1978.

Looking forward to the needs of large-scale construction of new China in the future, Jin Jingchang and Feng Jizhong actively proposed to set up a major in urban construction and management in the Department of Architecture. The first batch of graduates 1953 were officially named as "Urban Planning Major". This is the earliest urban planning major in China. By 1989, there were 28 graduates, nearly 2000. Many of them have become the backbone of the national urban planning work. Before the Cultural Revolution, Jin Jingchang had trained several of the earliest graduate students majoring in urban planning in China.

Jin Jingchang's pioneering contribution to the foundation of urban planning education in China is indelible. He founded the urban planning teaching and research section, with only six people at the beginning. At present, it has developed into urban planning department and urban planning research institute, with nearly 50 professionals, and has become an important base for urban planning teaching and research in China.

As a teacher, Jin Jingchang not only personally compiled the earliest urban planning textbook in China, personally took students out for investigation and practice, personally guided the course design and graduation design, but also emphasized that students should combine theoretical knowledge learning with social practice and insist on "doing it really" on the topic of urban planning and design. 1953 the teaching practice of planning and design was chosen in nanxiang town, Jiading, and students were taken to the site for teaching practice. This tradition has always been adhered to.

He also stressed that students should have comprehensive and profound basic training in engineering and economy, and pointed out that urban planners should cooperate with professional engineers in many types of work. If they lack the necessary engineering knowledge, it will be difficult for them to cooperate well, and it will be difficult for them to ask and solve problems from a comprehensive perspective. He himself has a solid theoretical foundation and rich practical experience in road traffic engineering and water supply and drainage engineering. He believes that students majoring in urban planning should be "multi-skilled", and only with extensive knowledge of engineering economy can they become experts in urban planning. He believes that the "specialty" of urban planning should be based on "knowledge".

Summing up practical experience and developing urban planning theory

In addition to heavy teaching tasks, Jin Jingchang often participates in some planning and design activities. 195 1 participated in the planning and design of the first phase of Cao Yang New Village, the earliest workers' residential area in Shanghai after the founding of the People's Republic of China, and the master plan of Tongji New Village. In these two planning designs, a new planning model is explored: roads are classified by grades and houses are arranged by groups. While striving for a good orientation, the monotony of determinant is broken through planning techniques. He tidied up the original riverside on the greening system, and there were small pieces of green space near each home, and some green spaces and lawns were arranged centrally. These two plans have had a great impact throughout the country and have been well received by experts at home and abroad.

His views on urban structure and road system can be summed up in one word, that is, the city should be divided into blocks, the roads should be divided, and bicycles and cars should be driven separately. His academic views were not understood by many people at first. Through his loud voice and students' practice for many years, he has now exerted great influence on planning all over the country.

Jin Jingchang attaches great importance to the role of urban green space. He believes that green space is the "lung" of the city and can provide the "oxygen" needed for urban life. He believes that the main contradiction in Shanghai is that there is too little green space in the central area. For a long time, the per capita green space in Shanghai is only 0.5 square meters, which is far from the "urban modernization". He suggested that a comprehensive plan should be made as soon as possible to demolish the dilapidated old houses in the central area of Shanghai in order to increase the green area. Many "green-eating projects" have turned "garden houses" left over from the past into "tall buildings", which is very inappropriate. 1958, he and German expert Reitel made a fan-shaped layout plan for Hefei, wedging green space or farmland into the city from three directions. The planning of Hefei has been revised many times, but it has always adhered to this layout mode, making Hefei a city with high environmental quality standards today.

1980, at the invitation of the Humboldt Foundation of the Federal Republic of Germany, Jin Jingchang visited Germany after decades of absence, and witnessed with his own eyes the high-quality urban environment after the post-war reconstruction of German cities, which was mainly characterized by a large number of urban green spaces. After returning home, he shouted everywhere that he should vigorously improve the standard of urban green space, improve the layout structure of the city, and strive to achieve "the city is in the forest and the forest is in the city."

Jin Jingchang believes that urban planners should be far-sighted, and the planning map is not the status quo map, and they should not only focus on immediate interests but also leave obstacles for the future. He often gives an example, that is, the transformation of Beijing Road in Shanghai. After decades of efforts, it was not until 1978 that the last "bottleneck section" was widened according to the width of the red line drawn in that year. He said that planners should have such tenacity and patience.

For some architectural designs, he often puts forward some original opinions with the original opinions of a planning expert. In the planning and design of Shanghai new railway station, the site is located at the former East Railway Station. However, due to the terrain limitation, the architects who presided over the design of the station building were struggling. At the seminar convened by the leaders of the municipal government, Jin Jingchang put forward a well-thought-out plan of "adopting two entrances, north and south, and building houses by rail", which was unanimously appreciated by the leaders and experts attending the meeting. According to this suggestion, the new Shanghai Railway Station designed and constructed allows passengers to enter and leave the station from two directions, which is not only conducive to traffic evacuation, but also saves land. It has been highly praised throughout the country and listed as one of the "Top Ten" buildings in Shanghai.

Academically, I am the main one, learning from others.

In practice, we advocate telling the truth and upholding professional ethics.

Jin Jingchang is rigorous in his studies and has a decent style. He dares to put forward different opinions and stick to the correct one. He believes that learning from foreign experience should be combined with the reality of China, and should not be blindly applied, otherwise it will bring serious consequences. In his view, the adoption of the Soviet Union's planning technique in the 1950s does not conform to the actual situation in China. The overall planning is one-sided in form and symmetrical, and the residential area is surrounded by patterns. It simply pursues the "street view" and ignores the residential orientation. In the early 1980s, he pointedly pointed out that some cities blindly studied high-rise buildings in the west, thinking that modernization could not be achieved without them. Small and medium-sized cities also invest their main financial resources in high-rise buildings, which makes the limited investment unable to meet the normal needs of urban construction. At the same time, it is obviously inappropriate to build high-rise buildings without leaving more open space for greening and traffic.

Jin Jingchang objected to some historical and cultural ancient cities' blind pursuit of avenues and one-sided pursuit of "changing the old look". He believes that these cities are the accumulation of national history and culture, and we should not easily deny the tradition, but should adopt a serious and prudent attitude. At present, the economic strength is not enough and the level of planning and construction is not high. We must first protect the original appearance and leave it to future generations to carefully plan and design.

Jin Jingchang is an honest and frank person who hates evil, dares to speak out and advocates telling the truth. He often uses this as the professional ethics of urban planners to educate students. He is disgusted that some people pretend to be experts, but they violate science, speculate on the intentions of some leaders, and express some opinions against their will. He believes that this is not helping the leaders, but hurting them. In a certain period, some units and leaders took "economic benefits" as the sole purpose, occupied green space, engaged in "leaking needles" or built some high-rise buildings in high density, and he rudely put forward different opinions. For example, 1958 During the Great Leap Forward, some leaders in Suzhou decided to demolish the ancient city wall of Suzhou, invited Jin Jingchang to "make suggestions" and hosted a banquet for warm reception. Jin Jingchang persisted in his opposition until midnight. The leaders concerned had to send him abroad the next morning. The next day, this ancient Suzhou city wall with a history of more than 2,000 years was demolished.

A famous amateur photographer

Jin Jingchang is not only a famous urban planner in China, but also a famous amateur photographer in China. 1936- 1937 edited the photography magazine "Flying Eagle" in Shanghai, 20 issues. He is the director of China Photography Society and the vice chairman of Shanghai Photographers Association. 196 1 year, "Liu Xucang and Gold Photography Art Exhibition" was held with Liu Xucang in Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou and Beijing. From June 38 to September 88, 2006, the Golden Photography Art Exhibition was held again in Shanghai Art Museum. His cultural accomplishment is various, and he is now a member of the Shanghai Federation of Literary and Art Circles. He also has a deep interest and attainments in seal cutting. He also participated in editing the German-Chinese Dictionary and translated the film Beethoven. Now, although he is over 70 years old, he is still writing articles for some photography magazines, and he often publishes some humorous essays in Xinmin Evening News, and the theme is mostly his old job-urban planning.

(Author: Dong)

Biographical notes

19 10 12 was born in Wuchang and originally from Wuyuan county, Jiangxi province.

1931-1937 graduated from Tongji university, majoring in civil engineering.

1938 1940 graduated from Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany.

1941-1946 Engineer, Office of Road and Urban Engineering Design, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany.

1946 ——1949 Engineer, Urban Planning Committee, Shanghai Works Bureau.

1947 ——1978 Professor of Tongji University, Director of Urban Planning Teaching and Research Section.

1951-1955 Member and consultant of Shanghai Municipal Construction Committee.

1978 ——1984 Director of Urban Planning and Design Institute, Department of Architecture, Tongji University.

1978 ——1981Vice Chairman of Urban Planning Academic Committee of China Architectural Society.

Main thesis

Jin Jingchang, 1. Introduction to urban planning. Tongji University Textbook Press, 1954.

2 Jin Jingchang. Planning of experimental community in Dalian West Road, Shanghai (introduction of the first phase project). Journal of Tongji University,1958,4.

3 Jin Jingchang. Urban road system planning. Journal of Tongji University,1959,9.

4 Jin Jingchang et al. German-Chinese Dictionary. Shanghai: Shanghai Translation Publishing House, 1983.

Jin Jingchang (editor). Encyclopedia of China (volume of architecture, landscape architecture and urban planning) (some terms). Beijing: China Encyclopedia Publishing House, 1988.

6 Jin Jingchang. Urban planning, urban road traffic and urban expressway. Journal of urban planning,1979,3,4.

7 Jin Jingchang. The purpose of urban planning is to serve the people. Journal of urban planning,1985,3.