Photos of towers and street lamps.

The concept of smart city originated from the concept of smart earth put forward by IBM in 2008. It is the product of the combination of digital city and Internet of Things, and is regarded as the direction of urban development in the information age. Its essence is to use modern information technology to promote the interconnection, high efficiency and intelligence of urban operation system, thus creating a better life for urban people.

The data shows that by the end of 20 17, more than 500 cities in China have explicitly proposed or are building smart cities. It is estimated that by 202 1, the market scale will reach 18.7 trillion yuan. It can be seen that smart cities are the general trend.

To build a smart city, we need to build a series of networked infrastructures first, and the construction of information and automation system based on the most widely distributed urban infrastructure-lampposts will be the first breakthrough.

Today's street lamp is no longer a simple lighting tool, and the intelligent lamppost integrating lighting, security, charging and WIFI has become the main development trend of smart cities in the future.

For anything, only by understanding its past can we understand its present and look forward to its future! The same is true of smart lampposts.

The birth of wisdom lamp post

The emergence of intelligent light poles can be traced back to the vision of smart city put forward by IBM in 20 10. The earliest intelligent lamp post was developed by a German company, and only charging piles were installed on ordinary street lamps.

The growth of wisdom lamp post

In fact, smart lampposts can be divided into three eras:

1.0 era:

The era of intelligent lampposts 1.0 is the stage in which most street lamps in China are located at present, and its main feature is to focus on the intelligent operation of lighting energy saving and control functions of street lamps themselves. Power line carrier communication technology and wireless GPRS/CDMA communication technology are usually used to realize remote centralized control and management of street lamps.

2.0 era:

The focus of the era of smart lamppost 2.0 is the intelligent operation of lamppost, that is, the function of smart city entrance is realized by integrating various intelligent devices on lamppost, which is included in the initial application of smart city vision.

3.0 era:

In the era of smart lamppost 3.0, the main focus is on the active and intelligent development of lampposts, which can realize linkage and interaction functions based on cloud platform.

In the era of intelligent lamp post 2.0, the lamp post realized the intelligence after functional integration. In the era of 3.0, the intelligent function extended to the field of artificial intelligence on the basis of 2.0. The research and development of intelligent lamppost 3.0 platform focuses on the collection and utilization of human body information.

At present, the smart light poles that are being piloted or put into operation in China are all in the 2.0 era. Smart poles in the 2.0 era generally need to meet the following two requirements:

1. Energy saving: Compared with traditional sodium lamps, LED street lamps save more than 60% energy. However, the popularity of LED street lamps in the world is low, so cities need a more energy-saving street lamp;

2. The function of street lamps is no longer just lighting: With the continuous progress of 5G, artificial intelligence, Internet of Things and other technologies, industry demands put forward more requirements for the responsibilities of street lamps, such as urban environmental monitoring, video monitoring, wireless networks, emergency calls, charging piles and so on.

Present situation of intelligent light pole industry

At present, the market dividend generated by this big cake in the smart light pole industry is increasing day by day, waiting to be carved up. At this time, an in-depth understanding of the current situation of industrial development will help enterprises to see the direction of progress.

First, good

1. Multi-provincial policies have been introduced one after another to help build smart light poles.

Up to today, in 20 18, more than 23 policies on "multi-pole integration" and "smart light poles" were promulgated, involving Guangdong, Shanghai, Hunan, Jilin, Chongqing, Jiangsu, Shaanxi, Guangxi and other provinces and cities, and each of them demonstrated the government's support for the smart light pole industry. For example:

The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council jointly issued the "Implementation Opinions on Promoting the Co-construction and Sharing of Telecommunication Infrastructure" on 20 18.

The General Office of the People's Government of Guangdong Province issued the Three-year Action Plan for Information Infrastructure Construction in Guangdong Province (20 18-2020).

The policies of various provinces and cities have been continuously introduced, which has helped to promote the construction of smart light poles integrating lighting control, WIFI antenna base station, video monitoring management, real-time monitoring of urban environment, emergency call and other functions, and formed a co-construction, sharing, intensive and efficient urban IOT perception network construction mode to improve the level of wisdom perception in public safety, urban management, road traffic, ecological environment and other fields.

2. The process of urbanization is accelerating, the construction and transformation of urban roads are going on, and intelligent light poles are flying all over the sky.

The acceleration of urbanization has promoted the continuous growth of the smart light pole industry. As a part of urban public municipal construction, urbanization will directly promote the development of intelligent light pole industry.

In recent years, China's urbanization process has advanced rapidly, and the urbanization rate has gradually increased. In 2006-20 17, the urban population in China increased from 583 million to 81300 million, and the urbanization rate increased from 44.34% to 58.52%, with an average annual increase of 1. 18 percentage points.

At the same time, the construction, renovation and upgrading of urban roads are increasing, which directly drives the development of the intelligent light pole industry.

Intelligent light poles belong to urban infrastructure construction and are a part of public facilities construction invested by the state. The investment in national urban road construction has an important impact on the market trend of intelligent light pole industry, and the length and area of urban road construction will directly determine the market demand for intelligent light poles.

In recent years, with the continuous investment of the state in road construction, the length and area of existing roads have been increasing for many years at the end of the year. According to the data of National Bureau of Statistics, in 2006, the actual highway length at the end of China was 2,465,438+10,000 kilometers, and by 20 17, it had reached 400,000 kilometers, with an average annual increase of 4.4%.

With the arrival of the 3.5G era, it will bring a market of 1 176 billion yuan.

According to the plans of the three major operators, it is expected that 5G technology will be put into commercial use in 2020, when the demand for smart light poles equipped with base stations is likely to explode in the next two years.

In addition, the popularity of new energy vehicles will greatly increase the demand for charging piles, and smart lampposts can also exist as the most convenient carrier of charging piles.

Small base station application scenario

At present, the deployment modes of small base stations are mainly divided into indoor coverage and outdoor coverage. The specific deployment modes of outdoor coverage mainly include:

(1) pole-holding installation: use existing buildings such as roadside cement poles and meter boxes for installation.

(2) Landing installation: Deploy integrated micro-stations, and adopt D-band with different frequencies from the large network, which is suitable for high-rise construction with signal shielding.

(3) Ground installation: Small vertical base stations are directly deployed on the ground.

Three Deployment Methods of Outdoor Coverage for 5G Small Base Station

The installation method based on intelligent light pole is a typical pole-holding installation method, and its advantages are as follows:

(1) Power supply advantages: Small base stations and street lamps can share charging devices, save energy and solve the power supply problem of small base stations deployed separately.

(2) Intelligent management: Through the sensing device on the intelligent lamp post, the operating state and temperature of small base stations can be conveniently monitored, and the abnormal situation can be timely warned. At the same time, various monitoring data can be transmitted to the cloud for easy analysis and utilization.

(3) Dense coverage: At present, since the coverage of a single small base station is less than 200m, it is necessary to carry out intensive deployment to fully cover the blind area, and street lamps are evenly distributed at a distance less than 100m, which can help small base stations to form dense coverage.

(4) Saving space: The combination of small base stations and street lamps saves the space needed for separate deployment, which can greatly reduce the difficulty of property coordination in base station deployment.

(5) Blind spot coverage: Expressway and railway are often places with poor signal coverage, and installing intelligent light poles is beneficial to blind spot coverage.

By the end of 20 17, the three major operators had built 3.89 million 4G Hong Jizhan (including China Mobile1870,000, China Unicom 850,000 and China Telecom1170,000).

With reference to the number of base stations corresponding to the spectrum coverage radius, it can be predicted that the Hong Jizhan of 5G is about 2 times that of 4G, while the number of small base stations in 3G era with reference to foreign operators is 1.5-2 times that of macro stations.

To sum up, we predict that in the first four years of domestic 5G network construction, the number of small base stations will reach 1 1.67 million (389 * 2 *1.5 =1167), with an average of about 2.92 million.

At present, the average price of 4G small base stations is about 2500 yuan, and the estimated annual market space is 292 * 2500 yuan/set = 7.3 billion yuan. According to the ratio of outdoor and indoor deployment of small base stations of 8:2, the average annual market size of outdoor small base stations can reach 5.84 billion yuan (73*80%=58.4).

Due to the perfect integration of small base stations and smart poles, the deployment of small base stations based on smart poles is the main form of outdoor deployment. Calculated by 90%, the average annual market size of small base stations based on smart poles can reach 5.3 billion yuan (58.4*90%=52.56).

Small base stations are not expensive, but the installation cost is high.

At present, the ground installation of residential buildings needs to pay more than 10 thousand yuan of site lease contract every year, and the cost of installing base stations on smart poles will be greatly reduced. Assuming that the initial installation cost is 6.5438+0.4 million yuan, the installation of 5G base stations will drive the smart pole market of 654.38+065.438+0.76 billion yuan (654.38+067 * 0.8 * 0.9 *).

Prediction of the number of China iron towers in the next four years

Speaking of base stations, I have to mention the 5G base station equipment displayed by Huawei and ZTE at the Mobile Global Partner Conference.

This is the first time that Huawei has demonstrated the main equipment of the 5G end-to-end commercial system, including 5G CPE, 5G serialized wireless base stations and 5G transmission systems. In addition, Huawei also said that by then, 5G small base stations are likely to be more abundant than 4 G.

Different from Huawei's presentation, ZTE highlighted the 5G macro station, including TD-LTE&; 5G dual-mode RRU, 5G 64T64R AAU, etc.

ZTE 5G Hongzhan

The acceptance specification of small base stations with poles is also the focus of many enterprises.

This is inevitable and immature.

From intelligence to intelligence is the inevitable trend of the development of science and technology in the world today.

Wei Jiafu, technical director of Energy Saving Lighting Division of China Southern Power Grid, mentioned at the 20 18 China Intelligent Lighting and Electric Power Technology Application Forum and Jiangsu Lighting Academic Annual Meeting that the LED detonated three times, and the third time was the city lamp post, which was caused by the development of 5G technology and the planning and construction of national smart cities.

Based on policy guidance, big market, big cross-border, big driving force, congenital physical location and other factors, he believes that the third "detonation" is thorough and there is reason to believe that it will last for a long time.

In other words, the prosperity of the smart light pole industry is both inevitable and unprecedented.

Second, the operation mode

With the development of Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data and other technologies, the application of smart light poles has endless possibilities. So, what is the current operating mode of the smart light pole industry? What are the influencing factors?

The specific operation mode is as follows:

First, government investment network operation is a widely used mode at present.

Second, government-led investment, entrusting operators to build networks (O&; M), beneficial to users, and most of them can be used for free.

Three, the government guidance and part of the investment, social capital investment network operation, the key is the division of labor, coordination and cooperation between the two subjects.

Fourth, the government takes the lead and operators build networks (BOT). The profit model of this model is mainly to charge by time.

Five, the operator's sole proprietorship network operation (BOO), after the completion of the network use rights, management rights have been in the hands of operators.

Sixth, build and operate, gather the strength of all links in the industrial chain, and build and promote together.

Seven, joint corporatization operation, corporatization operation is more flexible and more efficient.

In the choice of construction and operation mode:

(1) Public welfare, confidential and government projects need government leadership and investment, and tend to the first four modes;

(2) Projects with large investment scale, large professional span, high sharing requirements and many professional categories are suitable for joint construction mode, and are not suitable for government investment and third-party independent construction and operation of operators;

(3) More and more smart city projects are gradually changing from a single model led by the government to a diversified model of social participation, co-construction and operation.

(4) The main influencing factors are: project attribute, confidentiality, investment scale, specialty span, sharing and specialty difficulty.

Iii. Entrepreneurial enterprises and related qualification requirements

At present, there are many enterprises involved in the smart light pole industry, which is not a single industry. These players come from all walks of life, including:

1. Basic network operator

2. Hardware enterprises (lamps, poles, screens)

3. Software enterprises (communication and platform enterprises)

4. Enterprises that integrate capital and resources.

In addition, the qualification requirements of the smart light pole industry are varied, and it is also a smart light pole procurement project. Here, it is necessary to provide the professional contracting qualification of steel structure engineering, and at the same time, it must have the general contracting qualification of communication engineering construction.

However, this phenomenon is also reasonable, because the bidders for smart light poles are "various" and different bidders have different qualifications.

To sum up, the five qualifications of steel structure engineering, urban and road lighting engineering, general contracting of municipal public works, professional contracting of electronic and intelligent engineering and general contracting of communication engineering have the highest frequency.

Contracting qualification of steel structure engineering specialty:

The professional contracting qualification of steel structure frequently appears in smart pole projects, especially those issued by Tower Company (from the bidding situation of 20 18 smart pole).

More than 324 10 enterprises have obtained this qualification. Among them, the first-class qualification 1466, the second-class qualification 7583 and the third-class qualification 23096.

Professional contracting qualification of urban and road lighting engineering:

The professional contracting qualification of urban and road lighting engineering is not only the life gate of traditional lighting enterprises, but also the "weapon configuration" of enterprises with intelligent light poles entering the market.

According to our statistics, there are 17983 enterprises that have obtained this qualification, including 796 enterprises with first-class qualification, 2666 enterprises with second-class qualification and1452/kloc-0 enterprises with third-class qualification.

General contracting qualification of municipal public works construction:

According to the public information of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the passing rate of enterprises applying for the general contracting qualification of municipal public works on 20 18 is not high, which has a certain difficulty coefficient.

At present, there are 48,620 enterprises that have obtained this qualification, of which 3,048 have obtained the first-class qualification,13,280 have obtained the second-class qualification, and 3,2291have obtained the third-class qualification.

Contracting qualification of electronic and intelligent engineering specialty:

Obtaining the professional contracting qualification of electronic and intelligent engineering is the treasure in the palm of an "intelligent" enterprise.

The total number of enterprises with this qualification is 12776. Among them, the first-level qualification 147 1 and the second-level qualification 1 1305.

General contracting qualification of communication engineering construction:

Communication companies are familiar with this qualification. However, some insiders have admitted that this qualification application threshold is low, which has led many enterprises to bravely cross the border and want to share a piece of the communication industry.

At present, 2 193 enterprises have obtained this qualification, including 99 first-class enterprises, 474 second-class enterprises and 620 third-class enterprises.

Fourth, the source of income.

Generally speaking, as far as the income sources of smart pole operators are concerned, there are three main parts:

1, energy saving benefit.

The operating income of the project company mainly comes from the electricity expenses saved by road lighting after the project is implemented, and social investors get benefits according to the agreement with the government.

2. Value-added income-income from loading equipment.

The government can grant the management right of smart light poles to social capitalists, who can tap the operation potential and obtain value-added benefits.

For example, by posting advertisements and setting up cameras, environmental monitors, WIFI transmitters and other expansion projects on the basis of lighting engineering lampposts, fees are collected.

3. Value-added income-software and service income.

The operation of intelligent light poles can be transformed from hardware product sales to service-oriented business model. Intelligent lampposts not only earn equipment fees, but also master all kinds of data collected by street lamps. If local governments want to use data to develop urban solutions, they need to pay general data processing service fees.

abstract

Generally speaking, the development of smart light pole industry is an irresistible trend, whether from the policy level or from the market perspective.

Although there are still problems such as unclear operation mode and uncertain industry standards at this stage, we must know that any industry will face a series of troubles and problems in the early stage of development.

The nine-story platform starts from the foundation soil. The future blue ocean of smart lampposts may be beyond our imagination.