Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Photography major - Customs and habits of lotus flowers in Jiangnan

Customs and habits of lotus flowers in Jiangnan

Jiangnan can pick lotus,

Lotus leaf tower Tian Tian,

Fish are frolicking among the lotus leaves.

Fish play lotus leaf east,

Fish play with lotus leaves,

Fish play with lotus leaves in the north,

Fish play lotus leaf south.

Tian Tian: The lotus leaf is very thick.

○ Jiangnan, an ancient poem written by Han Yuefu, is a love song combining labor.

The name of the lotus in the first section

Because of their love for lotus, people have given many poetic names to lotus according to its appearance, growth habit and holy and elegant temperament. At the same time, there are many beautiful and moving legends circulating among the people.

First, the correct name: lotus, lotus (lotus is also used in the current literature)

2. Alias: Ahua (The Book of Songs Zheng Feng), Fu Fu (Er Ya Cao Shi), Furong (Li Sao), Furong (Han Shu's Zi Xu Fu), Zhu Hua (Cao Wei Shi E), Zezhi (Notes on Ancient and Modern Times) and Shuizhi (The Classic of Materia Medica). Yunshui, Shuidan (Fang Qunpu), June Spring (Collection of Lei Axian), Jing Ke, Jing You (more than three pens), Yuhuan (Lock the Eyes in Beimeng), Cao Furong (Essays on Flower Picking), Shuifurong, Han Han, etc.

Proper nouns of organs of lotus: stem eggplant, its leaves, its roots and its flowers are actually lotus, its roots and lotus seeds. It means: the petiole and flower stalk of lotus are called eggplant, the lotus leaf is called clam, the rhizome of underground lotus root is called clam, the bud and flower are called lotus, the receptacle is called lotus root, the underground lotus root is still called lotus root, and the seed kernel is called cotyledon.

Four. Origin of the name: In the Three Kingdoms period, Lu Ji explained "Fu Fu" in "Plants, Birds, Animals, Insects and Fish Sparse": "Anyone who can be a husband or a canal is named Fu Fu Fu." It means that the lotus in a lake or canal with an area of 100 mu is called "lotus". Lu Songdian's Ya Ya called the origin of lotus: "Lotus, flowers, leaves and so on. It all makes sense. I don't know, it's called lotus. " That is to say, all organs have their own names, but they don't know what they are called, so they add the word "he" to the cursive head to indicate the load. After the Song Dynasty, books used "lotus" more than "lotus". Erya clearly defined "lotus", which means lotus. However, Guo Pu's "Er Ya Zhu" in the Eastern Jin Dynasty put forward: "Northerners should use lotus root as well as lotus." Since then, lotus and hibiscus have gradually been renamed lotus or lotus, and lotus is a synonym, which has been mixed until now. As for adding lotus after lotus, adding lotus after lotus conforms to the language habit of China people and was added later.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) An overview of Dutch names

(a) the name of the lotus.

1. is named after its appearance.

Lotus: Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica explains: "Lotus stems carry leaves and leaves carry flowers, hence the name."

Hibiscus: Also known as Hibiscus. The Chinese dictionary Erya explains: "Lotus contains Pupu." Another book, Shuo Wen Jie Zi, said, "It's not lotus, it's hibiscus." Li Shizhen also said that the hibiscus flower means "to dress up brilliantly", so it is no wonder that Sima Xiangru, a writer in the Han Dynasty, compared his wife Zhuo Wenjun to the hibiscus flower of water.

2. Named after its growth habits.

Shuizhi, Huashui, Yunshui, Shuidan, Shui Mu and Zezhi: Because lotus is a perennial aquatic plant, the ancients classified it as an aquatic plant, and most of them started with the word "water". Cao Zhi, a writer of the Three Kingdoms, praised "a hundred flowers blossom, and there is a unique spirit of flowers" in "Lotus Fu", comparing lotus to Ganoderma lucidum in water.

3. Named after the holy and elegant temperament of lotus.

Junzihua, Ling Boxian, Shuigongxian, Yuhuan, etc. According to the Records of North Dream, Tang Chaoyuan and Su Changyuan lived in Wuzhong (now Suzhou) during the period (806-820), and met a pink-faced girl from plain clothes and gave him a jade ring. Soon, he found a lotus flower in the pool of his yard, and there was also a jade ring in the pistil, but it was "absolutely broken" and later generations called it the jade ring.

(2) Alias of lotus root

Jade Festival: Lotus root is the underground stem of lotus, white as jade, with knots, hence the name.

Yu Linglong: Lotus root is as white as a wrist, hence the name.

Jade arm dragon: According to legend, Cui Yuanjia, a famous house in the late Tang Dynasty, is located in the south of Chang 'an, with a wedge pool inside. Dig out a giant lotus root from the pool, which looks like a dragon, hence the name Jade Arm Dragon, also known as Wedge Treasure.

(3) Lotus seed alias

Jade pupa: Lotus seeds are as white as jade and look like insect pupa. In the poem "Lotus Seed" written by an anonymous person in ancient times, it said: "It is not the honey in the lotus nest that makes the jade pupa not a bee." Therefore, lotus seeds have another name of white jade pupa.

Lake orders: Lotus seeds are named after being born in the lake and shaped like eyes. Pi Rixiu's poem "Xia Jingchong": "The rooftop is rejuvenated for thousands of years, and the lake is full of fragrance." Su Shi also mentioned in the poem "Recalling Jiangnan": "The eye of the lake is also better than its eye, and slaves make a living by self-sufficiency.

Six, the legend of the lotus:

Lotus girl

Lotus is the incarnation of Yuji, the most beautiful maid around the Queen Mother. Because Yuji envies the hard life of couples, men plowing and women weaving, and feels the emptiness and loneliness of living in the Heavenly Palace. Accompanied by Feng Laini, the daughter of the river god, she secretly opened the Nantianmen and flew to Hangzhou West Lake. Seeing the mirror-like lake reflecting the white clouds in the sky and the green hills on the ground, the two immortals jumped into the beautiful lake to take a bath. Who knows it's almost dawn? Whenever Lenny asks Yusuke to hurry back to the Heavenly Palace, Yusuke is unwilling to give up this beautiful world. The queen mother became angry from embarrassment when she found out. She picked up the lotus throne and threw Yuji into the lake. She also cursed savagely: "If you want to get rid of dust and get rid of vulgarity, I will drive you into the mud, and I will never go to the south again." From then on, the white fairy turned into a beautiful lotus flower.

The origin of hibiscus flower name

In ancient times, there was a woman whose husband died in the water. She sat by the water's edge day and night, staring at the water, expecting her husband's soul to return. One day, her husband's smile appeared in the reflection of the flower tree on the shore in the water. She believes that this flower tree is entrusted by her husband's soul, so she keeps company with it every day. People call this wild flower tree "Hibiscus". Later, literati wrote "hibiscus" for the beauty of glyph.

Furongping

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, there was a man named Cui Shiying in Zhou Zhen, whose family was well-off and rich in calligraphy and painting. He went to Yongjia, Zhejiang as the county captain and took his beloved wife Wang to his post. After arriving in Suzhou, the boatman made a fortune, threw Cui into the water at night, killed his slave and left Wang Yu as his wife. The king pretended to allow it, escaped through a loophole, ran into buddhist nun and died in front of the Buddha. A year later, someone bought a hibiscus painting from the street and gave it to buddhist nun. The king saw it and knew it was her husband's handwriting, so he wrote a poem "Linjiang Fairy" on the painting:

Today's romantic Zhang Chang pen, sketch is not a few yellow! Lotus draws the freshest beauty, but it is afraid of enchanting, which is a matter of life and death. The pastel painting is bleak and illusory, but who is left today? Su Ping and Gu Chan are lonely together, and this life is broken. I hope to have a second life.

The imperial envoy Gao Nalin retired to Suzhou and admired calligraphy and painting. Guo, his former department, bought this lotus screen from buddhist nun and gave it to him.

Cui Shiying has been a good swimmer since childhood. She drowned and lived on the streets, selling paintings for a living. The imperial envoy saw his talent and asked him to teach his grandchildren calligraphy. One day, Cui saw the lotus screen and couldn't help crying. Check it out, catch the thief, arrange it, and let the couple get back together. Lu Zhongchang, a gifted scholar in Houzhen Prefecture, wrote "Song of the Lotus Screen" to remind the world. Song Yue:

Painting hibiscus, I endure the screen, and the blood and tears between the screens are as red as flowers.

Leaves and shoots are withered, and broken ink is scattered.

Walking towards the water, running through life and death, I am alone, wandering.

In the spring, the soul has not returned, and it is covered with autumn frost. ...

Hibiscus has a good heart, and Hibiscus should not be abandoned.

Thanks to the reunion of Bao Yue, we love each other and don't donate money.

Whoever laughs at my hibiscus article, human couples should not turn against each other.

You see, it's pathetic to attract hibiscus.

Lotus lady

A long time ago, a deer got pregnant and gave birth to a very beautiful girl because she ate the urine of a fairy. The fairy brought up the girl, and she would be more beautiful and moving. Wherever she goes, beautiful lotus flowers will grow. Later, the fairy married her to King Utiyan and was called "Mrs. Lian". She was favored by King Utiyan and gave birth to 500 princes. However, she was envied and hated by the first lady, who slandered and framed Mrs. Lian in front of King Utiyan. Mrs. Lian was expelled from the court and 500 princes were thrown into the river. When dying and drowning, fortunately, 500 princes were rescued by Sadanpu Wang Yiyi and received careful education. Over time, 500 princes were trained to be powerful Hercules. King Sadanpu led 500 Hercules to attack King Utiyan. King Utiyan was too scared to send troops to resist, so he went to consult the immortal. The fairy told him that the 500 Hercules was your son with Mrs. Lotus. As long as you use Mrs. Lian and let her go back to the palace to help you handle state affairs, the 500 princes will naturally calm down and obey Mrs. Lian and you. This is a fairy tale of Indian people praising lotus, persuading people to be kind and advocating peace and love.

Legend of ice love

According to ancient records, there was a young couple in Daming House who made a vow to grow old together. Because there is too much resistance at home, it is difficult to achieve good things, so we hug each other and are biased. Later, the lotus in the pond was in full bloom, covered with red and green, and the water was fragrant. All the flowers are lotus flowers, and people think that it is the spiritual transformation of young couples. Since then, Bing Xu's love has become a symbol of faithful love, which is praised by people.

Fan Chengda's poem about the double lotus says: "The soul of the pavilion baby is scattered in blue clouds, and turned into a double lotus to show deep hatred. A thousand years, if you can't do it, a hollow branch. The pool light column leans against the oblique light and the wine is drunk. " But Xu Yuanyang bathed each other so as not to disturb the emerald.

Bing Xu's love and Bing Xu's love are different and easy to be confused. Ice lotus is a flower with two flower hearts, and it is a metamorphosis of the front petal lotus. The head lotus is two pedicels, with two flowers on the stem, which can give birth to two lotus root buds. It is common in lotus root swings.

You can go to Lin Ting Park in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province to watch Frozen Love. It blooms from July to August every year. A Hua Shuang has more than 1000 petals. Some people call it a thousand petals lotus. Gu Zhongying, a poet, is a rich man in Jiangnan. He contributed money to help Zhu Yuanzhang destroy the Yuan Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang gave him the ice lotus brought back by the monk from India. There is an ancient crossing in Song Dynasty in Zhengyi Town, Kunshan. There are two pavilions, east and west, so Gu Zhongying planted a lotus on one side of the pavilion. It, Yangzhou Qionghua and Yancheng Biancang Jiaoguzhi Peony are also called the three wonderful flowers in Jiangsu.