Classification of lens

Lens types include: super wide-angle lens, wide-angle lens, standard lens and telephoto lens. There are no special rules for the division of standard, wide angle, ultra wide angle, telephoto and ultra telephoto. Sometimes the classification is different according to different manufacturers.

A, according to the lens zoom classification:

1, fixed-focus lens: refers to the lens whose focal length is fixed when shooting, and the distance needs to be changed by changing the shooting position. Its disadvantage is that the focal length of the fixed-focus lens cannot be changed and the focal length is single, so the composition and framing of scenes with different shooting distances can only be completed by the photographer's movement when shooting.

But it is precisely because of the fixed focus that manufacturers can put more energy and cost on the image quality of the fixed focus lens. Therefore, generally speaking, in the lenses with the same focal length, the imaging quality of the fixed-focus lens is often better than that of the zoom lens. At the same time, the fixed-focus lens also has the characteristics of large aperture, small volume, light weight and short focusing distance.

2. Zoom lens: The focal length can be changed at will, which will be more convenient when taking photos of different scenes during travel and save the time for changing lenses, but the imaging quality will be slightly inferior to that of fixed-focus lenses with the same focal length.

Second, according to the lens focal segment classification:

1. Wide-angle lens: usually used to shoot landscapes, buildings, portraits and other subjects.

Refers to the lens with a focal length of 135 in 17-35mm. Under the same conditions, the wide-angle lens presents a wider angle of view than the human eye. Using wide-angle lens can show a wider clear range and exaggerate the perspective relationship between scenes, which is helpful to bring more shock and appeal to the whole picture.

2. Standard lens: usually used for documentary and portrait shooting.

Generally, it refers to the lens with a focal length of 40-60mm in the 135 specification. It is called "standard" because the perspective of the scene it represents is very close to the human eye; This feature of standard lens puts forward higher requirements for users' shooting technology. If you don't use it well, the photos you may take will be dull.

3. telephoto lens: usually used to shoot portraits, news documentaries, animals, sports and other topics.

A lens with a longer focal length than a standard lens can be called a telephoto lens, which can bring distant objects closer, compress the depth of field and create a blurred background, thus making the subject more prominent. A telephoto lens is more suitable for close-ups.

In addition, among telephoto lenses, photographic lenses with a focal length of 85-300mm are ordinary telephoto lenses, and lenses with a focal length exceeding 300mm are ultra telephoto lenses.

4, macro lens: usually used for flowers, still life, ecological insects, food and other themes.

It is a kind of lens specially used to capture subtle objects. Macro lens has the characteristics of high resolution, Gao Fancha, low aberration and accurate color reproduction. When shooting with it, you can better show the details and texture of the subject. In addition, in order to be able to shoot tiny objects, the macro lens also has stronger close-up ability than other kinds of lenses.

5. Fisheye lens: usually used for artistic or creative photography.

Refers to the short-focus ultra-wide-angle photographic lens with a focal length of 6- 16mm in the 135 specification. Under normal circumstances, the front lens of this kind of lens will project parabolically to the front of the lens, which is quite similar to the fish's eyes, so it is called fisheye lens. Due to the strong deformation effect caused by ultra-short focal length, the scene presented by fisheye lens is round or arc, which is very surreal and interesting.

6. Axis shifting lens: usually used for architectural photography.

This lens can adjust the perspective effect by moving the optical axis, and its main function is to correct the perspective deformation and adjust the focal plane position.