What are the differences between mobile phones and digital cameras in photography?

In fact, as the light blue air said, the principle is the same.

Cameras map images to films or sensors through lenses (mostly convex lenses), and mobile phones are no exception. Its optical path is shown in the figure.

But why is the mobile phone a mobile phone and the camera a camera? In fact, due to the size of the mobile phone, the structure of some parts is simplified, which also leads to the decline of camera performance.

Difference of photosensitive elements

This is the biggest defect of mobile phones and cameras. What is a photosensitive element? Generally speaking, a digital camera is used to capture the original light signal, which can convert the light into electric charge and be read by the camera (or mobile phone). Because of the size of the mobile phone, the photosensitive element is usually very small, and the circuit is much denser than the photosensitive element of the camera, so the interference is inevitable, which leads to the decline of image quality. Therefore, even mobile phones and cameras with the same pixel can't match the picture quality. The second picture is a comparison of the border size, and the smallest is the size represented by iphone4. Nikon dx is the cmos size of most entry-level SLR, the smaller aps-c is the cmos size of Canon's entry-level, and the outermost gray is the cmos size of Nikon Canon Quan Huafu SLR, which is also the frame size of standard 35mm film. Even bigger are the medium format and large format cameras that are rare in daily life.

hole

Most of the optical parts in mobile phones are very simple, and it is also because of the size limitation of mobile phones that it is impossible to make glass with various special glasses. Aperture is one of the links. The aperture of the mobile phone is mostly constant and cannot be adjusted, and even if the F value of the aperture is the same as that of the camera lens, the difference in luminous flux is huge, so the mobile phone is losing money again.

shutter

In fact, this is rarely mentioned, and not many people can know this defect. Thirdly, due to the size of mobile phones, most mobile phones have no mechanical shutter structure, and all shutters are electronically controlled, so all the shortcomings of electronic shutters are reflected in mobile phones.

image processing

Whether it is a camera or a mobile phone, there will be an image processing part. Because this part is not a hardware problem (the hardware performance of the mobile phone is better than that of the SLR), it depends on the algorithm skill of the manufacturer, and the mobile phone manufacturer is not professional in this respect, so the picture is definitely not as good as that of the professional camera manufacturer.

The above views are only for most mobile phones, but for Nokia 808 and Panasonic cm 1, we have to say something else, because they really put cameras directly on their mobile phones.