May I ask you a question about the proportion of white light? For example, if a customer provides a sample tube with a color temperature of 3528 2700, how can I quickly make the ratio of this color te

May I ask you a question about the proportion of white light? For example, if a customer provides a sample tube with a color temperature of 3528 2700, how can I quickly make the ratio of this color temperature? I use U2 myself, 1 300W, 2 400W, 1000W. To illustrate this point, you have to do a lot of work and shoot a lot of things before you can use 1000W, otherwise it will be absolutely overexposed. 30-40 planes, 400W is enough. If you add background frame, shaft, lamp holder, cloth and honeycomb, it will cost about 5000 yuan.

I'll show you the details written by other heroes, and you'll understand everything after reading them. Because you just opened the store, it is not recommended that you match foreign lanterns, so the information about foreign lanterns will not be posted. )

Domestic studio lights have been introduced into China for a short time, and most users are studio or professional photographers, and amateurs know little about it. Because many friends in the group have asked me questions recently, which are all very basic questions, I will write a literacy post below to give a rough introduction to the majority of photographers. If there are any omissions, please add them.

First of all, what is a studio;

Many friends may still be vague about the concept of film studio. They think that at least one room and professional equipment such as soft box or flash can be regarded as a film studio. In fact, there are many kinds of film studios. For example, a small desk lamp and a few sheets of white paper at home can actually form a studio to shoot small things. Generally speaking, a small environment with artificial light can be called a studio. The two small desk lamps you use can also be called studio lamps as long as the effect comes out.

Classification of room lights

I think studio lighting can be basically divided into two categories, flash and continuous light source.

Since you may know less about continuous light, let me briefly introduce continuous light source.

In most people's impression, studio light refers to studio flash. In fact, from the perspective of history and effect, it is not true that the light of the studio is always ahead. The earliest studio lighting was continuous light, but the intensity of continuous light was too small to provide enough brightness for most pictures. Especially in the case of high-speed movement or small aperture, artificial continuous light is not competent. In fact, a photo only needs the flash when the shutter is pressed, which is the intensity of the flash. Hillas used flash for the first time, and studio lighting gradually entered the flash industry.

However, in recent years, due to the development of technology and the appearance of tricolor lamps, HMI LED LED, high-intensity continuous light has become possible and widely used in film shooting, and in the field of commercial photography, continuous light has occupied the market early.

The biggest advantage of continuous light is "what you see is what you get". Secondly, it is much better than the flash in the stability and quality of light.

A professional photographer, without using an exposure meter, may take a wrong picture at the moment of flashing, or the aperture is uncertain. For continuous light, even children who can only take pictures with their mobile phones can get good results in good light.

Therefore, for some friends who just want to take indoor portraits or small commodities, I advise you to spend hundreds to thousands of dollars to set up a small three-color lamp studio. This effect is far faster than spending hundreds or thousands of dollars to upgrade the camera or lens. It can be said that there is no difference between 1000 and 1500, but the effect of 1000 camera +500 small studio is definitely far stronger than that of 1500 camera. This is another story, let's continue to watch the continuous light.

However, for scenes requiring high-intensity lighting, if continuous light is used, the cost will be much higher than that of flash.

High-intensity continuous light mainly includes HMI and HQI, which are called electronic dysprosium lamp and dysprosium lamp in China.

Tens of thousands of watts of dysprosium lamps are expensive, of course, they also consume a lot of electricity, but they can be used to illuminate large scenes, such as shooting buildings at night, or some grand scenes. Nowadays, many photographers use it to shoot cars.

If flash is used to achieve this, first, the power is difficult to reach that high, second, the flash is likely to annihilate some light sources on the scene, and third, it is very difficult to distribute light because of the invisibility of the final effect.

Classification of continuous light studio lamps:

Generally can be divided into:

1, tricolor lamp; 2. Halogen lamp/quartz lamp; 3. Man-machine interface, HQI, Frenzel, etc. 4, LED, etc.

1 First introduce the tricolor lamp:

Generally speaking, there are two kinds of tricolor lights.

One is an energy-saving light bulb similar to household, with different power, ranging from 28w to 200w.

Because this kind of energy-saving lamp is energy-saving, with low calorific value, high frequency, accurate color temperature, high brightness and lowest cost, it is most suitable for photographing small commodities or group models.

The brightness of tricolor lamps is generally 26W, which is equivalent to the brightness of 100W incandescent lamps.

The fundamental difference between it and household light bulbs lies in the different color temperatures. The average household color temperature is 6500K, but we generally choose 5000k, 5400k or 5500k white tricolor bulbs. There are many products on the market that sell dog meat by hanging sheep's heads, full of cheap household light bulbs. Due to the high price of color temperature meter, it is recommended to buy well-known products. )

In the early days, there were only two metal covers, which were often used in conjunction with sheds.

Most products of new energy-saving lamps are equipped with various soft boxes or soft cloths. And most of them are high-power light bulbs, and then three, four or even unlimited ones are connected in series. Therefore, the large-scale professional energy-saving lamp studio lamp is also very suitable for taking portraits, especially when a large number of photographers such as exhibitions gather.

For novices, shopkeepers, or friends who often need to hold movie friends' parties, this room light is the best choice.

For this kind of lamp, there are generally visible brands in the market.

Jinbei, Ruiying, Nanguang, U2 and so on.

The better brands abroad are

Baorong Bowens (created many series), Konova (bulb color temperature is particularly accurate, products are very distinctive), Photoflex (with world-class professional guidance), COOLLIGHT (more humanized suit). ) and so on

The other is cathode fluorescent lamp tricolor lamp.

This kind of lamp was originally introduced from movie lights.

It was widely used in small scene lighting when shooting, so it was immediately introduced into the studio market.

The characteristics of this kind of lamp are similar to those of the energy-saving lamp above. Its advantages are brighter fluorescent lamps and more uniform light. The brightness of 100W is about the same as that of an incandescent lamp, and good results can be achieved without soft cloth or simple soft light method.

When choosing this tricolor lamp, you should pay attention to the tube of Osram owned by Siemens. If you take pictures, use 954 to represent the color temperature of 5400k ... If you need yellow light, you can choose the color temperature of 930 3000k.

In addition, the technical difference lies in the rectifier. Generally speaking, imported rectifiers are superior to domestic rectifiers in voltage drop and frequency control.

But if your shooting speed is lower than 1/200, there is little difference between domestic and imported rectifiers.

The main brands on the market are

Nan Guang, Kooky, etc.

Foreign brands mainly include Konova, Amnova, Keno and ARRI. (Keno and ARRI are very expensive, mainly for filming)

2. Next, quartz lamp/halogen lamps are introduced.

Halogen lamps have longer life than ordinary bulbs, save electricity 10%-20%, and are small in size.

Quartz lamp is a non-professional name for lamps made of timely glass bulbs, including halogen lamps and other kinds of lamps.

Many common halogen lamps are used as glass shells.

In terms of studio lighting, domestic major manufacturers basically have such products. The power is about1000 w.

It can basically adjust the intensity of light. Can also be equipped with a special soft box.

Red headlights used in other movies and TV shows are also a good choice. Small size, domestic price is cheaper than photography. There are also blades for adjusting the range. Some manufacturers have produced supporting soft boxes.

It is worth mentioning that in some products, halogen lamps are also used to make styling bulbs. For example, some high-end products such as ACE flash and Aurora flash all use 1000w halogen bulbs as styling lamps, and Profoto's high-end outdoor lamps also have 500W styling bulbs. Most of these products have lamp glass covers for adjusting color temperature and heat insulation.

The biggest disadvantage of halogen lamp is its high temperature, which requires the use of metal chuck and special soft box. In addition, the soft box has good heat dissipation, and it is best not to use it for children, which may easily lead to burns.

The color temperature of halogen lamp is about 3200k, which belongs to yellow light, and white light is often used to decorate or set off the atmosphere. Some also want to add special artistic effects.

Almost every family produces this kind of lamp. It should be noted that due to the limited life of halogen bulbs, it is best to buy products of Philips or Osram tubes. In addition, it is best to have a cooling fan or all-metal material in the lamp body.

China has done better.

Meitu, Yongjiang, Golden Eagle, Kooky and so on.

3. Man-machine interface, HQI and Fresnel

In China, it is called sun lamp, high frequency electroluminescence, electronic dysprosium lamp, dysprosium lamp and spotlight. These lamps are relatively expensive and consume a lot of energy, so they are far from the amateur level.

HQI is relatively cheap and can be widely used, but it has a certain preheating time.

HMI generally has a huge external rectifier (some built-in rectifiers), and the volume changes with the increase of power.

The advantage of their application in the studio is that they can provide a white (5500k) high-frequency and high-intensity light source, which is the most ideal studio lamp at this stage.

To achieve the "what you see is what you get" in professional photography, many friends use this kind of light when shooting cars (especially on location).

This kind of lamp is rarely sold in the domestic photography industry.

Yongjiang sells FRENSEL.

ARRI is famous abroad, and Haenszel also produces this kind of lamp.

4. LED light source.

This kind of lamp will be the most ideal popular indoor lighting source in the future.

It has the characteristics of small volume, low cost, high strength and low energy consumption, and the failure rate of LED is low, and the life span of each LED particle is tens of thousands of hours.

In the future, a large part of studio light sources will be replaced by LED lighting. But the current LED lighting is still immature. The main reason is that the color temperature of LED particles is difficult to control and the cost is relatively high. It is not mature in the circuit.

In addition, few manufacturers are still in the experimental stage.

This is a general introduction of continuous light source studio lights.

Let's introduce the flash.

First of all, the most common flash should be the external flash commonly used on the top of the machine.

Connecting several ordinary external flashlights through wireless flashers actually becomes a small studio. This is the fastest way for amateurs to own a film studio. The cost is also relatively low. The disadvantage is that the light intensity is too small and the callback is slow. After all, it is battery-powered.

The second kind is a small umbrella lamp, which is small in size, simple in structure and relatively cheap. Common ones on the market range from 25w to 45w to 80W.

This kind of umbrella lamp is usually used with a reflective umbrella or a soft umbrella, and you can take some small objects and portraits.

Generally, they are sold in sets. When not in use, they don't need to occupy space. A set costs only a few hundred, which is very suitable for families to set up a small film studio or a small company to shoot products.

The third is that everyone sees the widest studio flash in the studio.

Studio flash flash

Studio flash, also known as flash, studio lamp.

For the introduction of various brands of studio lights, under the guidance of Niu Lao last time, I wrote a book "A Complete Collection of Studio Lights Brands at Home and Abroad".

I won't go into details here, just introduce some knowledge about buying studio lights. For your reference, I hope to bring some help to friends who buy studio lights.

Although continuous light is an excellent light source, the flash can store energy and emit it instantly, which also establishes its position in the studio, that is, it can obtain high energy instantly at a small cost and turn it into an instantaneous high-intensity light source for photography.

First, introduce its working principle.

Its basic principle is to store electric energy through the capacitor in the flash and then release it through the flash tube.

There are generally two kinds of capacitors, one is the booster capacitor, also called negative capacitor, and the other is the main capacitor for energy storage.

The size of the main capacitor directly determines the energy that the flash tube can release.

Generally speaking, a 400W/s lamp needs about four main capacitors of more than 400UF.

Among them, the flash tube directly converts energy into strong light. This lamp requires not only high flash times and high flash intensity, but also very accurate color temperature. Most flash tubes are about 5600k K K. In order to correct the color, many foreign brands will use their own customized flash tubes and apply different films to adjust the color temperature. For example, Brown's flash tube looks a little light blue.

So if you buy it, the most important thing in effect depends on two points.

One is capacitance.

The second is the lamp.

Of course, other things should also be considered, such as work, and high-power lamps definitely need fans (for example, Japanese Gaoming rarely installs fans). In addition, the aluminum alloy shell will be better than the plastic shell, one is firm, and the other is conducive to heat dissipation, so the failure rate is low. However, in order to reduce the weight, outdoor lights will use more plastic shells. In addition, the circuit board is also a very important reason, which is explained below.

Let's talk about capacitance first.

There are mainly four types of lamp capacitors on the market now.

The first is the best German capacitor. Only some imported brands are in use, and only Kangsu is known at present.

The second type is Japanese capacitor, mainly Rubycon (called Ruby in China) capacitor, which is also used by people who have heard of Japanese King Kong. In addition, Comet Gaoming uses Sanyo capacitor, and ruby is specialized in flash capacitor, so ruby is more suitable for flash, and most flash manufacturers also recognize ruby. Most foreign brands use ruby capacitors, such as Ailinglong, ACE and Baorong. In addition, the high-end products of most domestic manufacturers also use ruby capacitors.

The third category is household capacitance, which can be seen in a large number of household lamps. Generally visible is HEC capacitance. The performance is average and the price is average.

The fourth category is false capacitance, also called parallel capacitance, mainly ruby capacitance of unknown origin. A brand used to be widely used, but now it is exposed that the brand has many problems.

Capacitance determines several factors,

The first is the discharge power. The larger the capacitance, the greater the power and the higher the price. In addition, the better the capacitance, the more sufficient each discharge and the greater the actual power.

The second is the call back time, and the good capacitor calls back quickly.

In these two factors, there is little difference between domestic flashing lights and imported flashing lights.

Followed by lights.

There are three things that are directly determined by lights.

One is the number of flashes.

The second is the flash intensity.

The third is the color temperature.

The flashlights on the top are all Perkin Elmer tubes from Germany. It's called Hyman lamp in China (there is a flashing light called Hyman, which seems quite different from this Hyman).

As far as the number of flashes is concerned, Hyman Tube has various levels, as many as100000 flashes of life. The lowest end is generally 3w life, which is also widely used in domestic lamps.

In addition, the price of flash tubes with different wattage is different. Some big foreign brands often use 800W lamps on 400W or 600W lamps.

In terms of color temperature, it should generally be between 5500 and 5600. In order to calibrate the color temperature, foreign brands usually customize special coated tubes for Hyman.

Secondly, a brand of lamps in Hong Kong is widely used in China, mainly OEM lamps. General performance, used in low-priced lamps with large wattage.

Thirdly, domestic lamps are generally used for low-priced lamps or small wattage flashing lamps, and the price is also very low.

The third factor is the design of the circuit board. This is the biggest difference between domestic and foreign manufacturers. General foreign manufacturers have decades of experience in circuit board design. Generally, domestic manufacturers started less than six years ago, and the stability of circuit boards needs to be strengthened.

The following are some questions that should be paid attention to when choosing a flash.

The first is to choose lights.

Generally, when you buy a lamp, you will be told that the lamp tube is not guaranteed or only has three months, which is also reasonable. The lamp tube has a service life. It belongs to consumables. So some lamps have counters, and sellers will say that this lamp is guaranteed to be 1W or 3W times.

In addition, good lamps, such as Hyman lamps, generally have a coating for photographic flashlights, which looks yellow or blue (Hyman tubes of domestic lamps are mostly the same color, and some foreign high-end brands will adopt customized coatings to make the color temperature more accurate. )

In addition, it is normal that the new lamp may smoke when used for the first time.

The second is to look at the intensity of light.

This indicator mainly depends on whether the actual wattage has been reached. Some brands may have a nominal wattage, such as 600, which may be 500. Those marked 400 may be around 350. Because the relevant international standards are also confusing, the best way is to let the seller buy an exposure meter and actually test it to see which index is bigger.

Other international brands are also very difficult.

For example, DLITE2 and 4 of Ailinglong do not refer to 200W and 400W. Then there are xlight450 and xlight650 of modern ACE, namely 400 and 600.

Therefore, for imported brands, the specific brightness depends on the detailed parameters of the manufacturer or measured with an exposure meter.

The third is stability,

That is, if the flash is not adjusted, whether the intensity of each flash is the same. If not, when you take multiple photos of the same person/thing, the actual illumination of each photo is different, which is very important, especially for commercial photography. If the images of multiple photos are inconsistent, it will cause great trouble later. At this point, many domestic brands are not doing very well. You can ask the merchant to go to the exposure meter and get the results after many tests.

The fourth is linearity,

Simply put, the adjustment value of the lamp should be consistent with the output value.

Specifically, when you set the flash to 1.0, read the value of the exposure meter and test it again when it reaches 2.0. 3.0 ... Know the maximum.

Then take the adjustment value as the x axis and the output value as the y axis, and make a big point on the graph paper, and the result should be as close as possible to a straight line.

If the bending is large, it is equivalent to the light emitted by this lamp, which cannot be accurately controlled, especially for digital lamps. For many domestic lamps, the difference between 1.0 and 2.0 has an aperture, while the difference between 4.0 and 5.0 may only have an aperture difference of 0.3 or 0.5, which will lead to imaging errors in professional photography.

This is also a place where domestic flashlights are generally not good, so many professional photographers have to choose imported lights.

The fifth is the color temperature

This requires a color temperature meter to test. Generally speaking, the color temperature deviation of Hyman lamp is not large. It is worth mentioning that the color temperature adjustment function of the flexible box can not be ignored. Generally speaking, domestic soft boxes can't play this role. The internationally recognized soft box is Aurora in South Korea.

The sixth is the color difference between the strongest light and the softest light.

This color temperature difference reflects that the colors of the strongest light and the softest light are different. This difference is inevitable. The greater the wattage, the more obvious the difference. Generally speaking, 400W lamps below 300k are acceptable. The best control is brown. This is also the reason why it is professional. You need to have a color temperature meter when testing. Also test the light intensity index.

Because it is also a 400w lamp, if the actual index of a lamp is only 300W, it is likely that the color temperature difference is smaller than the actual 400w lamp.

The seventh question has little to do with technology, and it is also what I said. If it is not external lighting, it is a metal lamp body, and the color is black.

The eighth thing to pay attention to is the accessories of imported lamps. Most of the domestic lamps are Baorong interfaces, which are actually universal chuck interfaces. Except Baorong and ACE, most imported lamps adopt their own independent interfaces. This means that when you buy their lamps, except for a few brands (such as Ailinglong and Kangsu) which have clips compatible with soft boxes in China, you have to buy original lamps from the reflector of soft boxes to the pig's mouth (the thickness of Ailinglong's reflective umbrella is different from that of ordinary photo studio umbrellas). Other brands need to use original accessories. The investment on this is also a lot of money.

This is the main introduction of the selection method of studio flash. As for the choice of brand, you can see the attached encyclopedia of domestic and foreign flash brands, hoping to give you a reference.

There are other flashlights, such as straight-tube flashlights or fiber-optic lights, with similar principles. In addition, they are used less and their prices are higher.

In addition to the above parameters, when buying outdoor lights, we should also consider the number of all-optical discharges and the weight of the equipment.

Some of my guiding opinions on buying studio lights are written here. If there are any shortcomings, please add more to benefit more friends. If you have any questions, please join the qq group and communicate with me.

Attached here is the flash brand information released on Mowgli a few days ago.

The above are the famous brands summarized by Niu Lao, thanks to Niu Lao. If it is insufficient, please supplement it. Thank you.

Since it is a complete collection, I will summarize the advantages and disadvantages of each brand for domestic products.

Jinbei, usually played in the studio, should be the leader of domestic studio lighting. The overall performance is good and the price is relatively high.

Ruiying Hawkeye, Ruiying's film and television lamps are far better in foreign markets than in domestic markets, mainly OEM, and have their own lamps.

Hui Jin, the leader of lighting OEM production in China studio, has invested in the old British Interfit, and has strong production and design strength.

Golden Eagle, which can be said to be the first studio flash factory in China, is not as good as before, but its quality is excellent.

Yongjiang, it seems that the former life was called Seagull Photography Equipment No.2 Factory, and the performance of film and television lamps was good.

Totek, a company specializing in flash OEM, rarely sees their products in the domestic market.

Guangbao and studio lamps are famous for their high quality and high price.

U2, the studio lighting design is rich and the product line is wide.

Helio, the performance of studio lighting is excellent.

Kooky and fotodiox of the United States jointly produce studio lamps, and the brand effect is good.

JTL is a brand registered by Chinese in America. Its electronic products are advanced and expensive.

JTL's brother company Meitu, their lamps are very competitive in price.

Kang Hui, a former Changzhou Yin Yan, is also an old expert, making a flashlight in the studio.

Bering, the design is novel, and the outdoor studio lighting is very distinctive.

High energy, focusing on outdoor lighting, the new product is very similar to Gaoming, the same small, but the price is much cheaper.