Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Photography major - Who can talk about the picture content, historical value and feelings after seeing Mona Lisa in detail! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
Who can talk about the picture content, historical value and feelings after seeing Mona Lisa in detail! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
Mona Lisa is a famous portrait masterpiece. It represents leonardo da vinci's highest artistic achievement and successfully shapes the image of bourgeois women in a city during the rise of capitalism. The figures in the painting sit gracefully, with implicit smiles and deep mountains and rivers as the background, vividly showing the painter's unique smoky "unbounded gradient coloring method"-like brushwork. The painter tried to skillfully combine the rich inner feelings of the characters with the beautiful shapes. For the key parts of the portrait face, such as the corners of the eyes, lips, etc., he also pays special attention to mastering the dialectical relationship between precision and implication, so as to achieve the charm, thus making Mona Lisa's smile have eternal mysterious charm, which is called "mysterious smile" by many art historians.
Under the influence of humanism, Leonardo da Vinci focused on expressing people's feelings. In terms of composition, Leonardo da Vinci changed the habit of using a side bust or chest when painting portraits in the past and replaced it with a front bust. The perspective point rises slightly, making the composition pyramid-shaped, and the Mona Lisa looks more dignified and steady. In addition, Mona Lisa's hand, delicate, precise and plump, shows her tenderness, status and class status, and shows Leonardo's exquisite painting skills and his keen observation of nature. In addition, Mona Lisa's eyebrows disappeared due to chemical reaction, and blue sky appeared in the background. According to research, Mona Lisa's smile contains 83% happiness, 9% disgust, 6% fear and 2% anger.
The mystery of smile
For 500 years, people have been unable to agree on the mysterious smile of Mona Lisa. Different audiences or at different times look and feel different. I think she sometimes smiles comfortably and gently, sometimes looks serious, sometimes looks slightly sad, and sometimes even reveals ridicule and ridicule. In a painting, the change of light can't be as different as in sculpture. However, on Mona Lisa's face, dim shadows appear and disappear, covering her eyes and lips with a veil. However, people's smiles are mainly reflected in the corners of their eyes and corners of their mouths. But Leonardo da Vinci's descriptions of these parts are faint and have no clear boundaries, which is why there is such an elusive "mysterious smile". A university in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, used "emotion recognition software" to analyze the content and proportion of Mona Lisa's smile: 83% happy, 9% disgusted, 6% fearful and 2% angry.
Dr Margaret Livingstone, a neuroscientist at Harvard University, said that the Mona Lisa's smile was flashing, which was related to the human visual system, not the mysterious expression of the people in the painting. Dr. Livingstone is an authority on visual nerve activity, mainly studying the response of eyes and brain to different contrast and light and shade. Livingstone said: "The smile is flashing because the viewer has changed the position of his eyes." She said that the human eye has two different parts to receive images. The central part (that is, the shallow fossa on the retina) is responsible for distinguishing colors and marking them carefully. Pay attention to the black and white, movements and shadows around the shallow pit. According to Livingstone, when people look at a face, most of their eyes are fixed on the other person's eyes. If people's central vision is placed in Mona Lisa's eyes, then less accurate peripheral vision will fall on her mouth. Because peripheral vision does not pay attention to nuances, it invisibly highlights the shadow of cheekbones. In this way, the radian of the smile is even greater. However, when the eyes look directly at Mona Lisa's mouth, the central vision will not see the shadow. Livingstone said, "If you look at her mouth, you will never catch her smile." Mona Lisa's smile is looming because people's eyes are constantly shifting. Livingstone pointed out that if you want to copy the Mona Lisa, you should look away when describing your mouth.
1993, Susan Gill, a Canadian art historian, published a shocking research result. She said that Mona Lisa's lips, which attracted countless audiences, were men's bare backs. This argument is novel and absurd, but it is powerful. Leonardo da Vinci, a painter, sculptor, architect, engineer and scientist, was a "geek". He likes to wear a pink coat, paint his beard with colorful colors without scruple, and often claims that he has dissected more than 30 bodies. He is still left-handed and used to write backwards from right to left. Others must use the mirror to read what he wrote. Therefore, using the mirror is also a way for the audience to read pictures. After rotating 90 degrees, Mona Lisa's lips in the mirror are just the back of a strong man with clear lines, as well as his left arm and elbow angle; Besides, expressing the beauty of human body and calling for the awakening of human nature is not only the master's philosophy of life, but also his artistic view.
Indeed, people will get different feelings when they appreciate this painting from different angles and under different light. That smile is sometimes gentle, sometimes serene and serious, sometimes slightly sad, and sometimes somewhat ironic and ridiculous. The mysterious smile reveals the mysterious spiritual activities of the characters.
For hundreds of years, new explanations of "smile" have emerged one after another. For example, smiling without showing white teeth is because the prototype is elegant and beautiful but not good at words; The prototype is depressed and unhappy because of the death of his beloved daughter, and it is difficult to hide his sadness. What's more, Mona Lisa was pushed off the throne of a lady, and the prototype was demoted to a prostitute, so she smiled with ridicule and ridicule.
Dr Joseph Baukowski of Maryland, USA, said: "The Mona Lisa didn't laugh at all. Her facial expression typically shows that she wants to hide that she has no front teeth."
Dr Jean Jacques Kondert, a brain surgeon in Lyon, France, thinks that Mona Lisa has just suffered a stroke. Look, half of her face is flabby and her face is crooked, so she looks smiling.
Dr Kenneth gay friends, a British doctor, thinks the Mona Lisa is pregnant. His basis is that her face is satisfied, her skin is fresh and tender, and her hands are crossed on her abdomen. Sexologists speculate that Mona Lisa has just experienced an orgasm, so she showed a smile that fascinated the world.
There is also an almost nonsense statement: her expression looks like she ate phenylalanine, a pleasure hormone produced in her body after eating chocolate. Few people believe this statement because there was no chocolate at that time.
Sinker Kenriel, a professor of anthropology at the University of Antwerp in Belgium, believes that Mona Lisa has such a smile because she is full, because the radian of her mouth and the gesture of putting her hand gently on her abdomen are exactly the same as the expression of human beings after a full meal.
In the painting, the horizon on the left is lower than the right, and the left side of Mona Lisa looks bigger than the right side. Historically, the left side represents women, which shows Leonardo's worship of women. In fact, there are many similarities between Mona Lisa and Leonardo da Vinci's self-portraits. In Egyptian legend, the god in charge of male genitalia is called Amon, and the god in charge of female genitalia is called Isis-pronounced Lisa in ancient Chinese, so the Mona Lisa implies that the Mona Lisa is a combination of the two sexes.
Mystery of authenticity
It is said that Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa is collected in the Louvre in Paris. However, there is a saying in the collection that it is not the Mona Lisa hanging in the Louvre, but the real Mona Lisa hanging on the wall of an apartment in London.
Dr Pulitzer, the custodian of the apartment and the work, said that after the Mona Lisa was completed, the work was left in Lisa de Zogon's home. Later, another nobleman asked Da Vinci to paint a portrait of his mistress. The woman known as "La Gioconda" (meaning "smiling person") looks very much like the Mona Lisa. So the lazy Da Vinci changed the Mona Lisa's face into "Jokangda". After the painting was completed, the nobles abandoned La Qiaokangda and did not buy this painting. Later, at the invitation of Francis I, Leonardo da Vinci took the painting to France. Pulitzer said that what makes the Louvre more brilliant is the portrait of Gioconda. Mona Lisa was later exiled to England. At the beginning of this century, it was bought by william blake, a museum curator and art connoisseur, and later by a Swiss consortium, of which Pulitzer was a member.
At the beginning of this century, many people copied and forged famous works of art on a large scale, so there is reason to suspect that the one in London is a fake. However, Dr. Pulitzer is convinced of the authenticity of his paintings. He confirmed through photomicrography that the fingerprints on this painting in London are the same as those on other works of Leonardo da Vinci. According to records, the Mona Lisa is younger 19 years old than La Giocondo, and was painted with a veil of mourning. Of the two paintings, only the one in London shows a young woman wearing a beautiful veil. Another evidence is that Raphael drew a sketch when Leonardo da Vinci painted this painting. There are two pillars behind the Mona Lisa in the sketch, which appear in the portrait of London, while the background of the Louvre painting is cliffs, paths, stone bridges, trees and flowing water.
For hundreds of years, many collectors have claimed that they have the real Mona Lisa, and the number has reached as many as 60. More interestingly, the Bertrand Museum of Art in Maine received a Mona Lisa without a smile at 1984. It has been determined that this painting was indeed written by Leonardo da Vinci, and all the characters in the painting resemble the Mona Lisa. Experts speculate that this smiling Mona Lisa may be a manuscript drawn by the author at the same time.
There is also a saying that the Mona Lisa in the Louvre is a fake, which is based on the theft in 19 1 1. The Mona Lisa was stolen in that theft. Two years later, it appeared in Italy, but the colonnade on both sides behind the Mona Lisa has been cut off. A few years later, the Mona Lisa was returned to the Louvre. However, many experts believe that this recovery is only a smoke screen. The real Mona Lisa has been bought by a rich collector, and what hangs in the Louvre is only a fake.
Mystery of value
For hundreds of years, the Mona Lisa has been regarded as the most precious portrait. It is estimated that the value of this painting reached $654.38 billion in the 1960s. With the permission of the government, it was exhibited in 1962,1February 4 to1March 2, and 1963 in Washington, D.C. and new york, USA, which caused a sensation in the whole country. Many people came from other places to have a look. Due to too many visitors, it is said that the exhibition stipulates that each audience can only stay in front of the Mona Lisa for three seconds. Later, this painting was exhibited in Japan, which was more sensational than in the United States. It is said that each audience can only watch it for 2 seconds.
The mystery of painting
A mysterious figure hidden in the eyes
Silvano Winchetti, chairman of the Italian National Cultural Heritage Committee, observed the Mona Lisa's eyes in the oil painting with a microscope and found tiny characters. It is invisible to the naked eye. Her green-brown right eyeball is painted with black LV, which is obviously the initials of the mysterious figure Leonardo da Vinci hidden in Mona Lisa's eyes. The characters on the left eyeball have not been recognized, but they look like the letter CE, or they may be B or S. Besides the eyes, there are characters hidden in other parts of the painting. In the background, you can see the number 72 on the arch, or the letter L and the number 2. Leonardo da vinci was not only an outstanding Italian painter in the Renaissance, but also showed extraordinary talent in the fields of science and philosophy, and was keen on transmitting information with symbols and codes.
Mona Lisa is famous for its charming smile, and it is seldom studied from her eyes. When talking about the reasons for studying eyes, Winchetti said that he was inspired by a book. He said that his colleague Luigi bolgia found a moldy old book in an antique shop. The author of this book is a French historian in the 1960s. The book describes in detail the "various symbols and characters" hidden in Mona Lisa's eyes.
No eyebrows and eyelashes?
The Mona Lisa, created by the famous Italian painter Leonardo da Vinci, is famous for its mystery. This painting has not only become one of the "three treasures of the town hall" in the Louvre in France, but also the mysterious smile of Mona Lisa has aroused speculation and research of future generations. People are curious about the meaning of her smile, her life experience, her relationship with Leonardo da Vinci and all the details about her.
Many people wonder why the Mona Lisa in the painting has no eyebrows and eyelashes. CNN18 reported that a French engineer recently solved the mystery.
Find the eyebrows
Pascal Cote, a French engineer, said at 17 that he took a photo of Mona Lisa with his own high-definition digital camera and concluded that the Mona Lisa painted by Leonardo da Vinci should have eyebrows and eyelashes.
Kurt used this camera to take ultra-high definition photos of Mona Lisa. The camera took a picture of 240 million pixels through various technical means including ultraviolet and infrared rays. The picture has 6.5438+0.5 million pixels per inch, which means that the Mona Lisa's face in the picture is 24 times larger than that in the picture.
Kurt was surprised to find an oily ink mark on Mona Lisa's missing left eyebrow.
The mystery of arm posture
"One day I said that if I found a Mona Lisa that people see now, the blanket had been blurred by the painter, but it was clearly visible in the photos taken with high-definition cameras. Some people think that she is standing on the stairs and Leonardo da Vinci is upstairs. He told her to stop painting, just as people suddenly stopped to let others take pictures, people who love beauty would pose. "
"This is the first time we have discovered the mystery of Mona Lisa's arm posture," Kurt said. "After Leonardo da Vinci, thousands of painters were copying Mona Lisa's posture, but no one knew why she made it. The real reason is that her wrist is like that. Cover her belly with a blanket. For me, this is really a great discovery. "
true color
Kurt's most important discovery in the study of Mona Lisa is that he discovered the original color of the Mona Lisa at the beginning of its creation. Mona Lisa's skin color should be warm pink, and the sky behind her should be bright blue, not the grayish green that people see now. Kurt believes that the dark green background currently displayed in the picture is the result of ink color precipitation in the past 500 years.
A subtle change in proportion
Kurt also found from the photos he took that Mona Lisa's smile was slightly smaller than that painted by Finch, and the area of her face was slightly "shrunk".
Decoding Mona Lisa's Smile
Hong Kong Wen Wei Po reported on August 23, 2065438+00 that it has always been a mystery how the smile of Leonardo da Vinci's famous painting Mona Lisa appears invalid. Recently, some scientists solved this mystery for the first time through X-ray analysis. It turns out that Leonardo da Vinci used his trademark stunt "Sfumato", and the whole painting was mixed with 40 layers of ultra-thin oil painting pigments. Leonardo da Vinci may first apply oil painting pigments to his fingers and then apply them to the painting.
The thickness is only 1/50 of the hair.
Through high-energy X-rays, scientists analyzed the arrangement and composition of different levels of pigments on Mona Lisa's face in detail. Scientists found that this painting enjoyed 40 layers of extremely thin oil paints, each layer was only 2 microns thick (1/50 of the hair thickness). Oil painting pigments are composed of slightly different pigments, creating a vague and hazy effect on the corners of Mona Lisa's mouth, which makes people vaguely feel that she is smiling, but when you look closely, the smile disappears.
Because there is no trace of a brush in the painting, scientists estimate that Leonardo da Vinci painted on his fingers with oil paints. Walter, who led the research team, said that thin oil paint is the key to the attraction of this painting. The use of such a thin oil painting pigment proves that Leonardo da Vinci's skill is extremely profound. At the same time, because each layer of pigment takes several months to dry thoroughly, it is estimated that this special effect may take several years to complete.
Recently discovered
Mona Lisa's smile is charming, but her eyes are hidden. With the help of a microscope, Italian researchers found mysterious figures in the eyes of Leonardo da Vinci's famous work Mona Lisa, which may open up a new way to reveal the true identity of the people in the painting. Silvano Winchetti, chairman of the Italian National Cultural Heritage Committee, observed the Mona Lisa's eyes in the oil painting with a microscope and found tiny characters. The Guardian 12 quoted Winchetti as saying: "You can't see it with the naked eye. Her green-brown right eyeball is painted with a black LV, which is obviously the initials of Leonardo da Vinci. "
Compared with the right eye, the content in the left eye of Mona Lisa is worth exploring. Winchetti said that the characters on the left eyeball have not been recognized. "it's hard to say clearly ... but it looks like the letter CE, or it may be b or s."
Besides the eyes, there are people hidden in other places of the painting. Winchetti said, "You can see the number 72 on the arch of the bridge in the background, or it may be the letter L and the number 2."
Leonardo da vinci was not only an outstanding Italian painter in the Renaissance, but also showed extraordinary talents in the fields of science and philosophy. He is keen on using symbols and passwords to convey information. It is found that the characters in the eyes add mystery to the true identity of Mona Lisa. Winchetti speculated that Leonardo wanted others to find out who the Mona Lisa was in her eyes.
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