What kind of lighting is better for indoor portrait shooting, soft light, flash, reflective umbrella or others?

Strictly speaking, everything is needed. Just shoot anything, basically don't need it. You can shoot clearly with a small fill light at most. If you are a professional photographer or want better effect, soft box, reflective umbrella and incandescent lamp with color temperature of 5500K are all necessary, and more than two sets are needed. Incandescent lamp is the standard light source, which presents better colors. Soft box is to cover the lampshade with a misty soft cover to make the light softer. Reflective umbrella is not bad, just an umbrella, the concave side inside is silver, which directly reflects the light source. Compared with the soft box, the reflective umbrella does not reduce the intensity of the light source, but is more concentrated and focuses the light projection. You also need soft light, that is, warm light. Generally, two lamps are enough, and incandescent lamps are generally more than four. In fact, these things are empty and meaningless. Photographic lamp belongs to photographic lamp, and lighting is the key. At present, too many so-called photographers put the lights around when shooting things, or only light them at three o'clock, and lighting this thing is deep.