Does light refract when it meets light energy?

No, first of all, you should know that light is electromagnetic wave, light with the same frequency is called coherent light, and the light source that emits coherent light is called coherent light source. Secondly, people can see things because light enters the eyes and forms images on the retina. Your problem is that the light energy in the air can't be seen, depending on whether the light energy can enter the eyes. If light can enter the eyes, you can see. The same light you are talking about should be coherent light, but coherent light can only interfere, that is, it strengthens from peak to peak (or valley to valley) and weakens from peak to valley, so it will not be refracted or reflected, so you must be in the straight line where the light is. This is why the background of most photos in the universe is dark, because there are few objects in the universe that can be widely reflected. The technology you are talking about is called holography, which refers to a new photography technology that records all the information of the amplitude and phase of the reflected wave of the object being photographed. Ordinary photography records the light intensity distribution on the surface of the object, but it can't record the phase information of the reflected light of the object, so it loses its three-dimensional sense. Holography uses laser as the illumination source, and divides the light emitted by the light source into two beams, one of which is directly directed at the photosensitive plate, and the other is reflected by the subject and then directed at the photosensitive plate. The superposition of two beams of light on the photosensitive plate produces interference, and the sensitivity of each point on the photosensitive plate changes not only with the intensity, but also with the phase correlation of the two beams of light. Therefore, holography not only records the reflection intensity on the object, but also records the phase information. When the human eye directly looks at this photosensitive film, it can only see interference fringes like fingerprints, but if it is irradiated by laser, the human eye can see the three-dimensional image of the original object through the film. Even if only a small part of the holographic image remains, it can still reproduce the whole scene. Holography can be applied to nondestructive testing, ultrasonic holography, holographic microscope, holographic storage, holographic film and television and many other aspects in industry.

holography

In the early 1980s, the French holographic exhibition was exhibited all over the world, and people enjoyed the mysterious holographic photography. On the wall, there seems to be a faucet sticking out obviously, so I raise my hand to twist it. The result is that I caught an empty space; There is no image in a frame, but when a beam of light shines in, a beautiful girl appears in the frame. She slowly took off her glasses and smiled at people. A glass cover, there is nothing in it, but under the light, the statue of Venus immediately appears in the cover; On the picture frame, in the glass cover, the image is constantly changing.

history

Anyone who has seen those prehistoric paintings in Shaweidong, France, will be deeply impressed by the subtle changes in light and shade, the freely used perspective and the elegant and smooth lines. The rhinoceros, lion and bear drawn by these primitive people with ochre 32,000 years ago, although eroded by years, can still bring great visual shock to people. However, not everyone is as lucky as Jean-Marin Shawei and his two friends: when they stumbled upon this cave at 1994 12 18, all the caves opened their doors for them, and all the paintings were unconditionally displayed under their simple searchlights. However, when this discovery was made public and studied and protected by the French government as one of the greatest archaeological and artistic discoveries of the year, the door of Xiaowei Cave was closed to the public. Even experts engaged in related research have to go through a complicated approval process to enter the cave, and they should be fully dressed and do enough protection to ensure that they can't touch the cave wall. Ordinary people have no chance to see the truth, so they can only imagine it out of thin air by looking at the plan in the magazine.

However, Yves Gentet and his brother Philippe Gentet, who live in the suburban town of Bordeaux, an ancient wine town, may use their holograms to turn all this into history.

A century ago, when Samuel Morse, the inventor of the telegraph, first saw the photos taken by silver disc photography, he was surprised to find that such a realistic image should never be called a copy of nature, but a part of nature itself. To a well-informed person today, Morse's reaction is somewhat unexpected. In this era when digital cameras can fully display their charm, no one is afraid that the people in the photos will blink at themselves and see their thoughts, just like the people who saw the photos for the first time in St. Petersburg. However, when Jacqueline Belloni, a chemical physicist and film-sensitive expert at the University of Paris-Sud, showed the holographic photos of butterflies made by Yves Ghent at an academic conference, a physicist who happened to be a butterfly specimen collector was very puzzled and asked her why she showed the specimen box of this scale-winged insect when giving an academic report. The physicist refused to believe that it was just a hologram.

In fact, the indecision of physicists is understandable, although holography is not a new concept for most people. In fact, as early as 1947, Hungarian physicist and Nobel Prize winner dennis gabor invented holography, which was once called "one of the greatest inventions of our time".

Whether holographic photography or the earliest silver disk photography, their mystery lies in the recording of light. All light has three properties, namely its intensity, color and direction. Early silver photography and black-and-white photographs can only record the changes of light and shade, while color photographs can also reflect their colors by recording the wavelength changes of light. Holography is the only photography that can capture three properties of light at the same time. Through laser technology, it can record the direction of light incident on the object, and then refract it to reproduce the real scene of the object in three-dimensional space realistically.

However, before the Ghent brothers' works came out, the so-called true reproduction was only theoretical. Perhaps it is because good holographic images are rare and difficult to generate, or because the scientific principle of holography is too profound. After half a century of invention, holography is still a mysterious technology.

When some media reported the achievements of Yves Ghent and his brothers, some people described them as "the only people who truly realized the function of holographic photography to reproduce nature", while others said that their works were "a part of nature" as Morse said. These comments may be exaggerated, because there are actually many other people in the world who are engaged in holographic research. The International Holographic Manufacturers Association is an organization that has gathered experts and enthusiasts from all over the world. However, Yves Ghent is undoubtedly the best among these experts. In the winter of 200 1 year, the Federation awarded Yves two most weighty awards, "the best holographic work of the year" and "the latest holographic technology", which is the best explanation. At an academic conference on holography held in Austria, when the Ghent brothers spoke and showed their works, "140 experienced holographic masters took a deep breath with admiration". Philip was not complacent when he recalled the scene. He said, "When people flocked to watch the holographic pictures we made, the whole room was empty." The experts present at that time were fascinated by the almost unreal picture. They couldn't help reaching out and touching the exquisite patterns on the puppet clothes wearing traditional Lao dance costumes. Others want to wipe off the biscuit crumbs hanging from the mouth of the little girl who is eating biscuits. Of course, all they met was a thin layer of glass, just like the physicist.

Now, Yves's work has been recognized and praised by the industry. However, when he was fired in 1992 because of the closure of his laboratory, he returned to his hometown town and started his own holographic technology research as a freelancer, the situation was completely different. It took him about two years to develop all necessary equipment, including the most important portable holographic portrait camera. But when all this was ready, the only manufacturer who produced the film he needed suddenly decided to stop producing it. After inventing the cow, Yves had to teach himself how to make grass.

In the following years, Yves Ghent taught himself the relevant chemical principles in his humble laboratory and practiced them repeatedly. Philip's joining helped him a lot. Later, they finally invented a photographic emulsion called "Ultimate". Like other photographic emulsions, the main component of Ultimate is silver bromide particles with excellent photographic performance, but the diameter of silver bromide particles in Ultimate is only 10 nm, which is110 to100 of the photosensitive particles on ordinary film. It is these tiny particles that enable "Ultimate" to record every detail, down to the smallest detail, and simultaneously record three colors of red, green and blue on the same photosensitive layer.

Eve found what he called "the emulsion that people have been looking for for for 30 years", but he still has a long way to go. He made the whole plan to copy the murals of Little Wei Yan Cave, but he had no recourse because he could not find the authority of the government. He also suggested building a holographic portrait gallery for visiting celebrities for Disneyland in Paris, but the negotiations were postponed. Everyone who has seen his works admits that it is a perfect hologram, but French investors are too cautious. Not only do they want geese that lay golden eggs, but also a group of such geese lay golden eggs on a large scale in an industrialized way before they are willing to pay for themselves. In order to seek investors, the Ghent brothers and their father even thought about immigrating to Quebec.

The turnaround occurred after an American partner joined. The machine he owns can copy the holographic image on the "ultimate" master to a polymer material made by DuPont. Although these images are not up to the image level of "ultimate" film, they are far superior to holographic images on polymer materials. With the large-scale production of holographic images on this DuPont material, industrial production using "ultimate" film is just around the corner. In addition, the approval of the International Holographic Producers Union also added weight to the work of the Ghent brothers. Although the technologies used by Yves are not protected by patents at present, it is expected that these technologies will bring him great wealth in the near future.

principle

Holography refers to a new photography technology, which records all the information of the amplitude and phase of the reflected wave of the object being photographed. Ordinary photography records the light intensity distribution on the surface of the object, but it can't record the phase information of the reflected light of the object, so it loses its three-dimensional sense. Holography uses laser as the illumination source, and divides the light emitted by the light source into two beams, one of which is directly directed at the photosensitive plate, and the other is reflected by the subject and then directed at the photosensitive plate. The superposition of two beams of light on the photosensitive plate produces interference, and the sensitivity of each point on the photosensitive plate changes not only with the intensity, but also with the phase correlation of the two beams of light. Therefore, holography not only records the reflection intensity on the object, but also records the phase information. When the human eye directly looks at this photosensitive film, it can only see interference fringes like fingerprints, but if it is irradiated by laser, the human eye can see the three-dimensional image of the original object through the film. Even if only a small part of the holographic image remains, it can still reproduce the whole scene. Holography can be applied to nondestructive testing, ultrasonic holography, holographic microscope, holographic storage, holographic film and television and many other aspects in industry. The principle of generating holograms can be traced back to 300 years ago, and some people have done experiments with poor coherent light sources, but it was not until 1960 that laser was invented, which is the best coherent light source that holography developed rapidly.

Laser holography is a brand-new technology, which is known as the miracle of the 20th century. Its principle was discovered by Hungarian British physicist dennis gabor in 1947, which is completely different from ordinary photography. It was not until 10 years later that American physicists Rafe and Rupert Nyx invented the laser and holography was put into practical application. It can be said that holography is a combination of information storage and laser technology.

Laser holography includes two steps: recording and copying.

1. The holographic recording process is: the laser beam is divided into two beams; A laser beam is directly projected on the photosensitive film, which is called reference beam; Another laser beam is projected on an object, and after being reflected or transmitted by the object, it carries the relevant information of the object, which is called object beam. After processing, the object beam is also projected to the same area of the photosensitive film. On the photosensitive film, the object beam and the reference beam are coherently superimposed to form interference fringes, thus completing the hologram.

2. The method of holographic reconstruction is to irradiate the hologram with a laser beam. The frequency and propagation direction of the laser beam should be exactly the same as the reference beam, so that the three-dimensional image of the object can be reproduced. People can see different sides of the object from different angles, just like seeing the real thing, but they can't touch the real thing.

The difference between holographic photography and ordinary photography

In ordinary photography, the scene shot by the camera only records the intensity of the reflected light, that is, the amplitude information of the reflected light, but cannot record the stereoscopic information of the scene. Holographic technology can record the amplitude and phase of reflected light from the scene. When shooting a holographic image, the relative phase of the light wave itself and two beams of light is recorded, which is caused by the position difference between the object and the reference light. We can't see the imaging of the object from the interference fringes on the hologram, so we must use cohesive laser to accurately aim at the target to illuminate the hologram in order to reproduce all the information of the object light. A man named Banton later discovered a simpler method to restore images by using white light, thus making this technology gradually move towards the practical stage.

Characteristics and advantages

Its remarkable features and advantages are as follows.

1. The reconstructed stereoscopic image is beneficial to the preservation and collection of precious artworks.

2. When shooting, every point is recorded on any point of the hologram. Once the photo is damaged, it doesn't matter much.

3. Holograms have strong stereoscopic impression and vivid images, and can be displayed in various exhibitions with the help of lasers, which will get very good results.

Application of Holography

Of course, we can often see the application of holographic technology in our life. For example, on some credit cards and bank notes, there are "rainbow" holographic images on polyester films, which are made by using the full-color holographic image technology invented by Russian physicist Yuri Denisyuk in the 1960s. However, these holographic images are only used as a complex printing technology to achieve the purpose of anti-counterfeiting. Their sensitivity is low, their colors are not realistic enough, and they are far from the real state. The researchers also tried to use dichromate glue as emulsion to make holographic recognition equipment. Some fighters are equipped with this kind of equipment, which enables pilots to concentrate on the enemy. When some precious cultural relics are photographed by this technology, they can be truly reproduced in three dimensions for visitors to enjoy, while the original objects are properly preserved to prevent theft. Large holograms can not only display cars, satellites and various three-dimensional advertisements, but also copy portraits and wedding commemorative photos with pulse holography. Small holograms can be worn around the neck to form beautiful decorations, which can reproduce people's favorite animals, colorful flowers and butterflies. The rapid development of embossed rainbow holograms can not only become lifelike cartoons, greeting cards and three-dimensional stamps, but also appear as anti-counterfeiting marks on trademarks, ID cards, bank credit cards and even banknotes. Holographic stereo photo decorated on books and holographic rainbow shining on gift packaging make people realize the new leap of printing technology and packaging technology in 2 1 century. Molded holographic logo, because of its three-dimensional layering, rainbow effect changing with observation angle, ever-changing anti-counterfeiting logo, and the close combination with other high-tech anti-counterfeiting means, has pushed the anti-counterfeiting technology in the new century to a new brilliant peak.

The above is my answer, I hope I can help you.