Classification of ornamental peach blossoms

First, the small white peach: white flowers, oval petals, few calyx flowers, brown branches with green spots. Second, the big white peach: big white flowers, round petals, green branches densely covered with fine hair. 3. Five-color peach: also known as sprinkling peach, the flowers are mostly white or slightly red, one or several flowers are pink, and one flower or petal is half white and half pink. Rectangular petals, red-brown branches. Four, thousand petals pink: the flowers are pink, mostly three-wheeled petals, and the filaments are pink. Some flowers are slightly closer to peach blossoms.

Red, filigree red, cuttlefish robe red. Five, hearts: pink flowers, nearly double, reddish brown branches. 6. Crimson peach: crimson flowers, purple-brown calyx tube, deeply wrinkled and hairy. These flowers are green and brown. Seven, green peach: petals pale green, inverted oval, green with reddish brown spots, flowering late, mostly in mid-April. Eight, drooping peaches: the branches are drooping, the flowers are double, the color is deep red, sprinkled with gold, reddish and pure white. In addition, there are birthday peaches and purple leaf peaches. The former has large white flowers, late flowering, short tree shape and large leaves. The latter is mainly characterized by purple leaves.

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peach blossom

Peach blossoms are deciduous trees. Its leaves are elliptic-lanceolate, with rough serrations and hairless edges. The petiole is1-1.5cm long and 6-10m high. The trunk is grayish brown, rough and porous. Branchlets reddish brown or brownish green, smooth. Flowers are solitary, white, pink and red, double or semi-double, and bloom in March. Drupe is nearly spherical, and the surface is densely covered with short fluff. Due to different varieties, the fruit ripens from June to September. Mainly divided into two categories: peach and peach. The varieties are crimson, crimson, pure white and red and white mixed colors, as well as double petals and double petals. The more important varieties are nectarine, flat peach, longevity peach and peach. Among them, nectarine and flat peach are cultivated as fruit trees, Shouxing peach and Bitong peach are mainly for viewing, and Shouxing peach can also be used as dwarf rootstock of peach. This tree is 4 ~ 5 meters high. Annual branches are reddish brown. The leaves are mostly lanceolate, the leaf margin is serrated, and there are often nectaries at the base of the petiole. There are two patterns: roses and bells. Drupe is mostly round or rectangular except flat peach, and the fruit surface is evenly distributed with fuzz except nectarine. The pulp is white, yellow or flushed, and a few are red; Soft, crisp or dense meat; There are different pits on the nuclear surface, which is an important basis for the classification of species and varieties. Peach blossom is a traditional garden flower in our country, with beautiful tree shape, lush foliage, rich flowers and bright colors. It is an important flower viewing tree species in early spring. Peach fruit is a famous fruit; Peach stones can extract oil; Its branches, leaves, fruits and roots can be used as medicine; Peach wood is fine and hard, and can be used for carving.

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Peach likes light and requires good ventilation; Good drainage and drought resistance; Fear of waterlogging, such as waterlogging for 3 ~ 5 days, light leaves, heavy death. Cold-tolerant, East China and North China can generally overwinter in the open air. Peach blossom should be light loam, and the moisture should be kept semi-humid. Not tolerant of alkaline soil, not liking too sticky soil, not choosing fertilizer, and other ecological habits are roughly similar to plum blossoms. However, the growth potential and branching ability are stronger than that of plum blossom, but it can't last long, and it begins to decline from about 15 years old. The average tree age can reach 20 to 50 years. Peach trees begin to blossom and bear fruit very early, usually 1 ~ 3 years after grafted seedlings are planted, and they begin to blossom and bear fruit in 4 ~ 8 years. It grows very fast and can be filmed several times a year. Developed roots, especially fibrous roots; Transplanting is easy to survive. Each node has 1 ~ 2 flower buds, almost sessile. Flowers and leaves germinate at the same time, and the leaves grow into full shapes after flowering. Most peach varieties take long flower branches as the main part of flowering and fruiting, but a few varieties, such as "Shouxing Peach", mostly bear flowers on short flower branches and middle flower branches. East China and Central China bloom more in the middle and late March, and the fruit ripens in June-September. Cross-pollination by insects.

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Grafting is the main method of peach blossom propagation, and cuttage or shield bud grafting is commonly used. Peach (semi-cultivated type of peach) is widely used as rootstock in East China, while mountain peach. It is used in North China. However, peach trees grafted with Prunus armeniaca or Prunus armeniaca rootstock have short tree age and many diseases and insect pests. If apricot (P. armenia ca L.) is used as the rootstock, although the grafting is laborious and the initial growth is slightly slow, it has a long life and few pests and diseases. Autumn sowing is convenient for rootstock seeds; Or sow in layers with wet sand after autumn, and take it out for sowing in early spring of the following year. When sowing, the row spacing is generally 40 ~ 50 cm, the plant spacing is 10 ~ 20 cm, and the ditch depth is about 5 cm, each place is 1 grain. When sowing in spring, if the buds have sprouted, cover them with soil. Bud grafting is mostly carried out in July and August. One-year-old seedlings are better as rootstocks, and two-year rootstocks are barely available. The survival rate of bud grafting is very high, mostly above 95%; Most of them didn't germinate that year, so they should be checked once in spring. Those who survive will remove the rootstock buds and let the peach blossom scions germinate. Those who don't survive can be replanted immediately. Prune the spring buds when they have begun to sprout. Choose peach blossom branches that grow vigorously in spring, cut them into 6-7 cm long branches with 2 buds (1 node is also acceptable), and the incision is 2-3 cm long. Annual or biennial seedlings are the best rootstocks, but the elderly are not good. Cut the top of the rhizome about 5 cm from the ground, and then cut it. After that, you should cultivate the soil and cover the top of the scion slightly. Generally, the survival rate of grafting can reach over 90%.

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Peach blossoms are mostly transplanted and planted after defoliation in early spring or autumn and winter. They are planted in drainage and sunny places, and the basic fertilizers (human feces, compost, cake fertilizer, bone meal, etc.). ) used in planting holes to promote flower bud differentiation. Bare root transplantation of seedlings is feasible; Big seedlings and trees, especially the more expensive varieties, are best transplanted with soil, or at least the roots are dipped in mud and transplanted again to ensure survival. Plastic surgery is mainly based on natural happy shape, and pruning can be slightly heavier than plum. All twigs, transverse branches and insect branches in the crown are cut off, more than before flowering, and potted plants can be postponed until after flowering. Generally, basal fertilizer is applied once a year in winter, and topdressing is applied once before flowering and around June to promote flowering and flower bud formation. In addition, intertillage and weeding should be done properly in peacetime. Pests and diseases mainly include peach aphid, peach pink aphid, peach dust, pear moth, peach leaf shrinkage disease, peach brown rot and so on, which should be prevented in time.