The operation methods and skills of following the beat

Follow-up photography is an artistic expression in photography, which means that the photographer presses the shutter when holding a camera to follow the disturbed object, so that the picture can achieve the effect of seeking stillness in motion. Using the follow-up method, the shooting posture should be correct, the legs should stand apart, the body should be stabilized with both hands, the arms should be clamped, and the body rotation should be flexible. The following are the operation methods and skills I have compiled to follow the shooting. Welcome to read, I hope you will like it.

Tracking shooting: move the camera smoothly along the moving direction of the target, so that the position of the target in the viewfinder remains unchanged, and press the shutter while moving. Because the camera moves in the opposite direction to the background with the moving object, there are many flowing lines in the photo. The slower the shutter speed, the more obvious the flowing lines are.

The moving object in the photo is basically the same as the moving direction and speed of the camera, so a clear image is formed. The picture of the whole photo gives a strong dynamic effect. This method can be used to photograph sprinters, riders and drivers in sports. Its effect is that the athletes' images are clear and the background is blurred. The advantage is that the messy background can be avoided from destroying the picture, and the blurred background can set off the quickness of the action. The shutter speed of the following methods is usually115-1/60s. If you are not sure, you can take several photos with different shutter speeds for the same target to choose from.

Tracking shooting has the following ways:

① Parallel follow: The camera is at 90 degrees to the moving direction. When shooting, the camera follows the moving object in parallel.

The following questions should be paid attention to when shooting with parallel tracking method:

1. The moving speed of the camera must always be consistent with the moving body and moving speed.

2. The camera should follow the moving body on a horizontal line, and can't shake back and forth.

Press the shutter gently, neither too early nor too late. Generally speaking, it is advisable for the moving body to press the shutter between 75 degrees and 85 degrees when following in parallel.

The time to press the shutter should be the climax of the action.

5. The shutter speed depends on the moving speed of the moving object and the shooting effect you want to pursue. Generally, it should be between115 seconds and 1/60 seconds, and the fastest time should not exceed1125 seconds.

6. Make full use of the lighting effect of the scene, use side backlight and dark background, and the photos will be better.

② Longitudinal following: When the mobile body moves longitudinally, the camera follows. If the child swings up, the camera will rotate up.

③ Arc following: When the moving body moves in an arc, the camera follower moves in an arc and follows.

④ Cyclic following: When the moving body rotates circularly, the camera follows circularly.

⑤ Oblique following: When the moving body descends from a height, the camera can follow obliquely.

⑥ Zoom following: When the photographer faces the oncoming moving object, he uses the zoom lens to follow the shooting. At this time, there will be radiation around the moving body, which has the effect of popping out and has a strong sense of movement. The key point of shooting is that when the moving object is clearly in focus, the follower moves forward and pulls the lens from far to near, that is, from short focal length to long focal length. If the moving body moves backward, the lens can also be pulled from near to far. Pull the focal length with your left hand, press the shutter with your right hand, and press the shutter while pulling the focal length. Choose a place with a scenic background, so that a generating line can appear when zooming.

When shooting, special attention should be paid to safety issues due to oncoming moving objects. Choose a safe shooting spot before shooting to avoid passive body collision.

When shooting a long-distance and fast-moving object, you need to use a telescopic zoom lens. You can fix the camera on a tripod and zoom slowly during long exposure.

1. The camera is set to shutter first. The shutter is set to115-1/60 seconds.

Shutter speed: 1/30- 1/45, considering the safety shutter and the moving speed of general objects (such as the most common cars). I shoot by hand, but it's better to use a monopod if conditions are good. I read in a magazine that foreigners shoot cars with a monopod. If it is hand-held, you can turn on anti-shake such as Nikon's VR lens anti-shake (Canon should be the same), but if it is Pentax's fuselage anti-shake (Sony should be the same), it is recommended to turn it off. These are the actual shooting experiences.

2. Hand-held shooting, single autofocus.

First of all, you need to choose a focus first. Don't use the fuselage to automatically select the' mode' of the focus, just focus with a single AF. Of course, this is for entry-level machines and quasi-professional machines (I have both). As for the focus tracking system of a professional machine, I haven't tried it, so if it is a professional machine, I need to try it to know if I can keep focusing. Because the object is moving, the focusing system of the fuselage may misjudge. However, there is absolutely no problem with a single AF. All models can kill each other, just like the basic three-step layup in basketball.

3. aim at the target to be photographed and press the shutter half.

In fact, there is a method called trap focusing or focus locking, and the target will be exposed automatically as soon as it enters. According to netizens, one of my machines also has this function, but I still don't know how to use it. Tell me something basic. If the focusing performance of the fuselage is good, a pair of focusing does not need to press the shutter half. If it looks like an entry-level fuselage, you need to press the shutter half to focus, so that the focusing system of the machine can focus several times (that is, the user can pull the bellows several times), so that you can focus easily and accurately before exposure. So you can prepare your composition.

4. Keep the speed consistent with the moving direction of the subject and press the shutter!

We need to pan the camera here. It is necessary to press the shutter after focusing to keep the camera rotation speed consistent with the rotation speed of the moving object at the beginning of exposure, and keep the camera rotation speed consistent with the rotation speed of the moving object until the end of exposure. This so-called sense of time is so accurate that it takes a long time to keep the same speed. My success rate is 80% now, and I can't hold a monopod. Practice wasting about 6K shutter. As for relative synchronization, the principle is that the moving object and the camera remain relatively static, and only the background is moving, so that the background can bring out wonderful movement. )

Universal, suitable for all levels of fuselage:

Select a single focus for the fuselage. First, manually select the focus point, and then half press the shutter to focus in advance. When the moving object enters the composition you need, press the shutter to start exposure, and keep the rotation of the camera consistent with the speed and direction of the moving object during exposure until the final exposure is completed.

Skills:

For example, for cars on the road, the shutter speed is generally 1/30- 1/45, which is too fast to be dynamic enough and too slow to be blurred enough. The shutter speed of other objects can be increased or decreased with reference to the speed of the car. For example, F 1 can go to1125, children can play and run at115, and so on. Novices suggest taking pictures of cars on the road, on the grounds that it is the easiest to find the subject matter around them. If one car is not well photographed, another car will continue to shoot soon. You can succeed with more practice, and the most important thing is to practice the feeling that the rotation of the camera is consistent with the speed of the moving object. Just like playing basketball to practice dribbling, you will get familiar with the ball feeling after playing a few more times.

Special instructions:

Continuous shooting can be used to improve the success rate, such as 3 cards per second, 6 cards per second and so on. But during your stay in continuous shooting, be sure to keep the camera rotating at the same speed as the moving object. Remember! This is absolutely critical.

Extended content: classic outdoor shooting skills

1. Sixteen rules of sunshine

For landscape photography, it is often impossible to obtain the best shooting effect by relying too much on the photometric results of the camera. For example, when there is a large dark field in the scene, the camera's metering system will increase the exposure, and the obtained photos will show the effect of overexposure, and the sky will become pale without any details.

At this time, if the "Sixteen Laws of Sunshine" were adopted, this would not happen. The intensity of sunlight is relatively fixed. When the camera aperture is set to F 16 and the shutter speed is set to1125 seconds (ISO is 100), you can take a landscape photo with strong colors and normal exposure. According to this rule, F/22 aperture should be used in the environment with strong reflection, such as shooting on the beach. When the light is weak, such as cloudy days, F/1aperture should be used.

2. moonlight 1 1, 5.6 rule

The moon is the closest celestial body to us, and its changes are regular. Since ancient times, those beautiful legends have made people daydream about celestial bodies all the time, and at night, when you face the sky, the moon is the first to enter our field of vision. In ancient times, poets wrote poems about the moon. Nowadays, when people enjoy modern civilization, they all like to photograph the moon in their picture books.

According to professional measurement, when the full moon brightness value is EV 15, the normal visual effect can be obtained when the camera ISO is set to 100, the shutter speed is1125 seconds, and the aperture is F 1 1. In half a month's time, the exposure should be quadrupled. The exposure combination can be set to ISO 100, shutter 1/60s and aperture F5.6, and even the exposure time is nearly1sec when shooting the moon bud. In detail, it is not because of the change of their size that the brightness decreases, but because the angle of sunlight shining on the moon changes when the moon's profit and loss changes. Avoid overexposure when shooting the moon. More exposure will turn into a white circle without the feeling of the moon, so it is called the moon because it has a three-dimensional effect.

3. Camera jitter rules

When you shoot with a camera in your hand, the shutter speed should not be less than the reciprocal of the focal length of the lens. If the shutter speed is slow, the sharpness is more likely to decrease when shooting jitter. If a focal length of 50mm is used, the shutter should be above 1/50 seconds. Only when the environment is really dark, use a flash, tripod or put the camera on a hard object to prevent jitter.

However, many digital cameras now have anti-shake function. Canon and Nikon, represented by mirror anti-shake technology, have advantages mainly in telephoto shooting ability. The effect of using mirror image stabilization in the focal length above 135mm is very obvious, and it can completely replace the three-speed safety shutter (for example, the shutter speed can reach 1/30 seconds after hand-held shooting is turned on at the 200mm end).

The anti-shake advantage of the model with anti-shake function is mainly reflected in the focal length of 50-100 mm. Take the newly released Olympus E3 as an example, it can replace the 4-speed safety shutter with this focal length, that is to say, under the focal length of 100mm, the photos taken at the shutter speed of 1/8 seconds are also worthwhile.

4. Grey cardboard rules

Grey board is a sharp weapon for shooting. But what if I don't have a gray board on me? You can spread the back of your hand (the palm is too white, and the color of the back of your hand is close to your face) to the sun, measure the light on the back of your hand, and add another exposure.

5. The law of depth of field

When the subject is deep, the focus should be in front of 1/3 of the depth of field, because the depth of field after focusing is twice as large as before. This rule can be used in various combinations of aperture and focal length. Remember, the smaller the aperture, the shorter the focal length, and the farther away from the subject, the greater the depth of field.

6. Fast flash output rules

For ordinary users, the special hot shoe TTL flash is expensive, and many people switch to the universal interface hot shoe flash, the price is only 100 yuan. Take the domestic Yin Yan flash as an example. The price of BY28A is about 160 yuan, but it is an automatic flash with automatic metering.

When we need to take outdoor backlight portrait photos, in order to ensure the details of the sky and the uniform light ratio of the dark face under backlight conditions, we need to fill the face with a flash.

Take BY28A as an example, we set the sensitivity of the flash to twice that of the camera ISO (such as camera ISO 100 and flash ISO400). The camera adopts aperture priority exposure, and the aperture selected by the camera should be consistent with the aperture set on the flash. Exposure According to the brightness of the sky, the brightness of the face in the shadow area after flash illumination is usually one step lower than the brightness of the sky, and the overall light ratio of the photo is very suitable.

7. Capture the dynamic law

This rule is based on the empirical formula of angle and speed. If an object moves along the lens axis, you can capture it with the shutter of1125, then its movement behind the lens axis can be captured with 1/500 seconds. That is to say, when the object moves 45 degrees along the lens axis, it only needs a shutter speed of 1/250.

8. Sunset Rules

When shooting a sunset, measure the light above the sunset, but don't let the sun appear in your viewfinder. If you want the sunset to look an hour later than it really is, you can reduce the exposure compensation by one step.

9. Flash distance rule

This rule is simple: distance times 2, sensitivity times 4. For example, when your flash is at ISO 100, the effective distance is 20 feet. If you want the flash to reach 40 feet, you need ISO 400.

10. pixel doubling rule

If you want to double the resolution of a digital camera, it's easy to quadruple the pixels.

1 1. Size Rule of Digital Printing

If the work is to be printed as a large-size photo, the size of the photo cannot be greater than the length, width and pixels of the digital picture divided by 200 respectively. If the job requirements are high, score at least 250.

12. exposure rules

When dealing with digital photos, the most common rule is to ensure the accurate exposure of high-light areas and let low-light areas go with him. But when dealing with negative films, especially color negative films, you'd better expose one file.