What is the administrative division of Russia?

The administrative divisions in Russia are very special. The whole country is divided into seven federal districts: Central District, Northwest District, South District, Volga Coastal Area, Ural District, Siberia District and Far East District, all of which are composed of federal subjects (the concept of federal subjects was introduced into the judicial system by the Constitution of the Russian Federation in 1993). The head of the Federal District is the plenipotentiary appointed by the Russian President. At present, there are 88 federal entities in Russia: 2 1 republic, 7 border regions, 48 states, 2 federal municipalities, 1 autonomous prefecture and 9 autonomous regions. All subjects are equal, and each subject has its own different national legal status. Some are formed according to the principle of ethnic regions, such as republics and autonomous regions, and some are formed according to regional principles, such as border areas, special areas and municipalities directly under the central government. In 2004, Perm State and Komiyak Autonomous Region merged into a new region-Perm Krai. Russian Federation Subject Code Federal Subject Name Federal District of the capital 80 Akinskoye Siberia, Agabria Autonomous Region 22 Banauer Siberia, Altai Territory 28 Blagoveshchensk Far East, Amur Region 29 Arkhangelsk Region Northwest 30 South astrakhan, Astrakhan Region 3 1 Belgorod Region Central 32 Bryansk Region Central 33. Vladimir Central District of Rakimir State 34 Southern District of Volgograd State 35 Northwest District of vologda in Volgograd State 36 Voronezh Central District of Voronezh State 79 Far East District of Birobidzhan in Utah Autonomous Prefecture 37 Ivanovo Central District 38 Irkutsk State Irkutsk Siberia 39 Northwest District of Kaliningrad State 40 Central District of Kaluga in Kaluga State 4 1 Petro, Kamchatka State (Kamchatka). Far East of pavlovsk 42 Kemerovo Siberia 43 Kirov Kirov Region along the Volga River 82 Corea Autonomous Region Palana Far East 44 Kostroma Central Region 23 Krasnodar Krai Southern Region 24 krasnoyarskiy kray Krasnoyarsk Siberia 45 Kurgan Urals Region 46 Kursk Central Region 47 Leningrad Region. Northwest District of St. Petersburg 48 Lipetsk Central District of Lipetsk State 49 Magadan Far East District 77 Moscow Central District of Moscow State 50 Moscow Central District 5 1 Murmansk Northwest District 83 Neriyanmar Northwest District of Nenets Autonomous Region 52 Nizhny Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod Volga Coastal Area 53 Novgorod State (Great) Novgorod Northwest District 54 Novosibirsk Novosibirsk. Sub-region 55 omsk region omsk Siberia 56 orenburg region orenburg Volga coastal region 57 orel region orel central region 58 Pensa Volga coastal region 59 Primorsky Krai Perm Volga coastal region 25 Primorsky Krai Vladivostok Far East region 60 Pskov region northwest region 1 Adige Republic Mekop southern region 4 Gorno-Altaysky Siberia region 2 Bashkore. Tostain Republic Ufa Volga Coastal Area 3 Buryatia Republic Ulan Ude Siberia 5 Dagestan Republic southern Makhachkala 6 Ingushetia Republic southern Nazran 7 Balkar Republic southern Kabardino-Narchik 8 Kalmyk Republic southern Elista 9 Caraccia Republic southern Cherkesk-Cherkesk 10 Petrozavodsk 1654 Caglieri Republic northwest. 38+0 Northwest of Sektovkar, Komi Republic 12 Coastal area of Yoshkar-Olavolga, Mariel 13 Coastal area of Volga, Saransk, Republic of Moldova 14 Far East of Yakutsk, Republic of Saha 15 South of Vladivostok, Republic of North Ossetia 1 6 Republic of Tatarstan, Qizil, Siberia, Kazan, Volga Coastal Area, 65 Republic of Chuvash 1 South Rostov, Don River, Rostov Region, 62 Central Ryazan Region, Ryazan Region, 63 Samara Region, Volga Coastal Area, 78 St. Peter. Northwest of St. Petersburg, Debao City 64 Termel (Dorgan-Nenets) Autonomous Region Dujinka Siberian Region 68 Tampov Region 69 Tver Region Central Region 70 Tomu. Tusk Tomsk Siberia 7 1 Tula Central District 72 Tyumen Tyumen Urals 73 Ulyanovsk Volga Coastal Area 85 Ustior kinski-Buryatia Autonomous Region Ustior kinski Siberia 27 Khabarovsk Krai Khabarovsk Far East 86 Hante-Mansi Urals 74 Chelyabinsk Urals. Chita Siberia, Chita region, 87 Anadel Far East, Chukchi Autonomous Region, 88 Tula Siberia, Ewenki Autonomous Region, 89 Saale Hald Urals, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Region, 76 Central District, yaroslavl and yaroslavl Republic have the highest national legal status among all federal entities. The Russian Federation is a democratic and unified country ruled by law. It has its own constitution and can determine its own official language, which can be used together with Russian in local state institutions. The Republic can even establish its own nationality, but the nationality of the Republic and the nationality of the Federation coexist at the same time, which is only two levels of unified nationality in the Russian Federation. In addition to its own constitution, the legal system of the Republic includes various laws promulgated within its jurisdiction, treaties and agreements signed with the Russian Federation, other federal entities and other countries. Therefore, the republics of the Russian Federation have certain international sovereignty and even have their own foreign ministries, but they have no right to implement independent foreign policies. Each Republic has the right to have its own national emblem, national flag and national anthem, and each Republic has its own capital. Without the consent of the Republic, its territory cannot be changed. The relationship between the Republic and the Russian Federation is based on the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Federal Treaty and the Treaty on the Division of Powers and Responsibilities between the two sides. Autonomous Prefecture and Autonomous Region This is the national territory form of national self-determination formed in Russian history. Today, there are 1 autonomous prefectures and 9 autonomous regions in the Russian Federation (see the above table). According to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, they are equal federal entities with republics, frontier regions, states and municipalities directly under the Central Government, although they are often distributed in the territories of other federal entities-frontier regions or states, such as the Jewish Autonomous Prefecture in krasnoyarskiy kray and Nenets Autonomous Region in Arkhangelsk. Only Chukchi Autonomous Region has legally become a direct part of the Russian Federation since 1992. The status of autonomous prefectures and special areas is stipulated by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the articles of association of autonomous prefectures and special areas, and no one has the right to change them without their consent. Autonomous Prefecture has its own system of state organs, laws, official symbols and elements of international sovereignty. The national legal status of the frontier regions, states and the frontier regions of the federal municipalities is the same as that of the Russian Federation, but they have their own historical origins in appellation. In the 1990s, the concept of "federal municipality" came into being when the current constitution was formulated, which replaced Moscow and St. Petersburg (Leningrad before 1992). 1993 the constitution strengthened their dominance in the Russian Federation. The status of a frontier region, state or municipality directly under the Central Government is determined by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the regional "articles of association". These Articles of Association have the highest legal effect compared with all local laws and regulations. Without the consent of frontier regions, prefectures and municipalities directly under the Central Government, the boundaries of their territories and administrative regions shall not be changed. All these areas have their own representative organs of power-Duma or Legislative Assembly, and the executive power belongs to the administrative organs. They can participate in international and foreign economic activities under the coordination of the federal authorities. Different from the Republic, these areas have no ethnic groups of their own, and the official language in their territory is only Russian, which is unified in the whole Federation. Frontier regions, prefectures and municipalities directly under the Central Government have the right to own their own symbols-district (prefecture, city) flags, emblems and songs. Their compilation and use norms are stipulated by local laws.