What are the solutions to the writing methods of expository articles?

Explanatory articles cover a wide range, including popular science books, knowledge sketches, comments and explanations. They are informative, scientific and practical, and are an important aspect of modern text testing. The knowledge points of expository reading mainly include: understanding the characteristics of expository, accurately grasping the characteristics of explanatory objects and things to be explained; Clarify the explanation ideas and clarify the explanation order; Correctly judge the interpretation method and understand its function; Experience the accuracy of explaining language and understand the expressive function; Understand the expressive function of narrative, descriptive, lyrical and argumentative writing in explanatory writing; Personalized expression related to paragraph content and so on. Explanatory reading methods mainly include the following:

First, clearly explain the object and grasp its characteristics.

The so-called characteristics are the essential differences between one thing and other things. When reading the explanatory text, we should pay attention to finding out the characteristics of things according to the content of the article on the premise of clearly explaining the object. For example, in Mianyang in 2006, the examination question "Magic Cell" was tested in this way. "What are the characteristics of the cells introduced in the paper? Please summarize by article. " This paper is a "total-sub-total" structure, and four paragraphs (2), (3), (4) and (5) in the middle explain a characteristic of cells respectively. Summarizing the general idea of these four paragraphs can give the answer to the question.

Grasping the characteristics of the object of explanation can be started from three aspects: (1) looking at the topic; (2) Look at the beginning of the paragraph; (3) Look at key words, such as general sentences, clauses, turning sentences, etc. Secondly, you must read the full text and learn important information. Thirdly, we should master certain generalization methods. Generally, the explanation center of a summary article should focus on three issues: (1). What is the full text about? (2) What are the characteristics of these things or things? (3) from what aspects to explain things or things? The generalization method can be expressed by the formula "description center = description object+feature". If there are explanatory features in the text, the central sentence can be used directly. If a description divides the description object into several parts, explain them separately. Or list points to illustrate the characteristics of an object, not to generalize.

Explanatory objects are usually divided into two categories: one is an article that explains substantive things, called explanatory text, such as the Great Hall of the People; One kind is an article that explains abstract things, which is called expository, such as Immortality of the Dead Sea. To clarify the explanatory object of an article, we must first perceive the content of the article as a whole and find out what kind of explanatory text it belongs to, so as to basically judge the writing object of the article.

In expository articles, the explanatory objects are often reflected in the title of the article, such as Suzhou gardens and Chinese stone arch bridges.

Second, clearly explain the order and grasp the structure of the article.

(1). This is a way to explain the unique attributes of things in concise language. Explanatory articles that introduce scientific knowledge often use this method to enhance the scientificity and rigor of the article, and its function is to accurately explain the characteristics of things.

(2) give an example. When explaining things or things, giving some accurate, appropriate and representative examples can turn strangeness into familiarity, abstraction into concreteness, complexity into simplicity, and explain things accurately, clearly and easily. Its main function is to make the explanation concrete.

(3) classification. This is a method to divide the explained objects into several categories according to certain standards and explain them one by one. This method can make the content of the article clear and coherent.

(4) column number. This is a method to explain things accurately with specific figures, and its function is to explain things accurately and closely.

(5) Make a comparison. The biggest function of choosing things or events that have certain internal or external relations with the things to be explained is to make the characteristics of the objects to be explained more prominent and clear.

(6) for example. This is a way to explain things by metaphor, and the use of this method enhances the vividness and vividness of the explanatory text. This method is often used at the same time with description methods such as imitation.

(7) imitation. It describes the shape or characteristics of things in vivid language, and its main function is to make the explanation vivid.

(8) Interpretation. It is to explain things or things that are explained in popular language.

Fourth, understand sentences in context and realize the characteristics of expository language.

Accuracy is the most important feature of expository writing, and the accuracy of expository writing is reflected in seeking truth from facts and properly reflecting quantity, scope, degree and order. The accuracy of explanatory language is mainly reflected in two aspects: (1) modification and the use of restrictive words. Such as main, almost, about, average, one, etc. It is often deleted during examination, that is, what the word explains is kept, and what is wrong is deleted. (2) When choosing synonyms, pay attention to distinguish the nuances of synonyms. For example, Weifang City's 2006 senior high school entrance examination "The Mysterious Constant of Sports" was examined in this way. "Can the' not only' and' almost' added in paragraph 5 be removed? Why? " This topic examines the understanding of expository writing in a specific context. For the analysis of expository texts, we should follow the principle that words cannot be separated from sentences and sentences cannot be separated from paragraphs. We should not only understand the expressive function of a word in a sentence, but also understand its special function in paragraphs and paragraphs, so as to understand the role of language accuracy in highlighting the characteristics of things.

In a word, when reading explanatory text, we should first grasp the explanatory object and its characteristics on the basis of overall perception; Then, while understanding the explanation content, grasp the explanation order and understand the explanation method; Then through comparative analysis, we can realize the accuracy of the explanation language. When answering specific questions, we should grasp the explanation content and order of the article by analyzing the paragraph level of the article; When analyzing the functions of interpretation methods and words, we should reflect the knowledge they explain.