A Brief Introduction of Pedro aguirre Zelda

Pedro avellino aguirre Zelda (English: Pedro avellino Aguirreda, Spanish: Pedro avellino Aguirreda) (1879 February 6-194 1 year165438+1) Pedro aguirre Zelda was born in February 1879 in Pukul village, Aconcagua province, Chile. In his early years, he studied in Larga College and san felipe Middle School in Calais, and then went to the University of Chile in Santiago, the capital. After graduating from high school, he graduated from the Faculty of Education of the University of Chile on 1900, obtained the qualification of lawyer on 1904, and soon joined the Radical Party of Chile. 19 10 went to the Sorbonne University in Paris to study political economy and law with a government scholarship, 19 14 returned to China, 19 15 was elected as a representative, and 19 18 was appointed. 1919 ~ 192 1 chairman of the radical party,1921elected senator,1920 ~192/kloc. 1927 was persecuted by the government for opposing dictatorship and went into exile in Europe again. 1930 returned to Chile, 1934 participated in the establishment of PetroChile and became the first president of the company. 1936, he led the radical party, the United Socialist Party and the * * Production Party to form the People's Front. 1938 1 was elected as the presidential candidate by the People's Front of Chile, and 1 won the presidential election that year and was successfully elected as the new president of Chile. In that year, he officially took office in 1938, and established a "production development company" during his presidency, which successfully handled the earthquake disaster in 1939 Qilian area. 194 1 year165438+1October 25th, aguirre zelda, then president, died in Santiago due to illness.

Chinese name: Pedro avellino aguirre Zelda

Mbth: PedroAvelinoAguirreCerda

Nationality: Chile

Ethnic Composition: Basque Descendants

Place of birth: Pukul village, Aconcagua province, Chile

Date of birth: 1879 February 6th.

Date of death:1941165438+1October 25th.

Occupation: lawyer, educator, politician, entrepreneur

University of Chile, Sorbonne University.

Main achievements: Chairman of the Radical Party of Chile, and participated in the formation of the People's Front.

The first chairman of the People's Front.

During his presidency, he carried out economic reforms and established production and development companies.

Representative works: problematic land, industrial problems.

Political Party: Radical Party of Chile

Early experience

Pedro avellino aguirre Zelda, a basque descendant, 1879 was born on February 6, 1979 in Pukul village near los andes city, Aconcagua province, Chile (now under the jurisdiction of Kale Larga, Los Andes province, Valparaiso region). He ranks seventh among 1 1 children in his family. His father bautista aguirre is a farmer, his mother Clarissa Zelda and his parents.

Aguirre Zeldia finished primary school in a small town near Pukul village, and then went to Larga College and san felipe Middle School in Kale. During this period, Spanish teacher Maximiano Salas inspired aguirre Zelda's interest in studying and teaching in the future.

After graduating from high school, aguirre Zelda went to the School of Education of the University of Chile in San Diego and graduated from the School of Education 1900. Later, he became a teacher and taught Spanish and philosophy. Later, he continued to study law at the University of Chile and was qualified as a lawyer at 1904. During her study, aguirre Zelda studied at school during the day and worked as a teacher at night. At the age of 27, he joined the * * * Economic Association and later joined the Chilean Radical Party.

19 10, aguirre Zelda studied in France with a government scholarship. He studied political economy and law at Sorbonne University in Paris, during which he traveled to Spain, Belgium, Britain, Italy and other European countries, and represented Chile at international academic conferences many times.

19 14, aguirre Zelda returned to Chile. After returning to China, I worked as a teacher at the National College of Chile, teaching philosophy and Spanish. In addition, he is a professor at the University of Chile and chairman of the National Teachers' Association of Chile. 19 16, aguirre Zelda and Juana Rosa Aguirreluko got married.

Political experience

Aguirre Zelda was elected as the representative of los andes, Puta Endor and san felipe in March of 19 15, and officially took office in May of 15, with a term of three years, 19 18, 18 ~ 6 years. In March of the same year, he was re-elected as the representative of Santiago Province, and his new term began on May 15. Aguirre Zelda was the chairman of the Radical Party from 19 19 to 192 1. 1920 65438+February 23rd ~1921August 16 as Minister of the Interior,1921March as a representative of Concepció n Province, and in May of the same year/kloc. 1 924 65438+1October 3 ~ February1once again served as Minister of the Interior. 1924 After the military coup in September, aguirre Zelda went into exile in Europe. 1925 After the military government stepped down, he returned to Chile. 1927 In May, after Carlos Ibáez del Campo came to power, aguirre Zelda took part in the struggle against Ibana's dictatorship, was persecuted by Ibana's government, and was forced to go into exile in Europe again. During his exile, he wrote The Land with Problems (1929), which aguirre Zelda gave as a gift to the famous Chilean woman writer gabriela mistral. 1930, aguirre Zelda returned to Chile; 1934, 10, 3 1 year, aguirre zelda participated in the establishment of the Chilean oil company and became the first president of the company. In the same year, at his initiative, the University of Chile established the Institute of Industry and Trade.

Presidential career

the president elect

1936 in may, aguirre Zelda led the radical party, the United socialist party, the * * production party, the democratic party and the trade union to form the Chilean people's front against dictatorship, advocating democratic politics, industrialization and the redistribution of underutilized cultivated land. It demands that "Chileans are Chileans" and puts forward such ideas as reducing the state's repayment of foreign debts, restricting foreign investment and improving income distribution. Since the Radical Party has the largest number of parliamentary seats in the Popular Front, the Popular Front decided to choose a presidential candidate from the Radical Party. 1938 65438+ 10, aguirre zelda defeated another radical party member, Juan Antonio Rios Morales, in the presidential election within the Popular Front, and was successfully elected as the presidential candidate by the Popular Front. During the presidential campaign, Aguirre Zelda put forward slogans such as land reform, increasing housing supply, improving medical care and education. In the end, aguirre Zelda won 222,720 votes (accounting for 50.45% of the total votes) in the presidential election held in June 5438+ 10, and Gustavo Ross, the opponent liberal, won 2 18609 votes (accounting for 49.52% of the total votes).

Political measures

When aguirre Zelda was in power, he put forward the slogan "Governing the country through education". The government has stepped up state intervention in the economy, gradually developed state-owned enterprises such as electric power, petroleum, steel and beet sugar, and started the process of import substitution industrialization under the guidance of the state plan. Improve the degree of agricultural mechanization; Developing transportation and national education; 1938 revised the labor insurance law and formulated the disease prevention and medical treatment law. 1939 After Qilian was hit hard by the earthquake, Aguirre Zeldia government raised funds to supply food and medicine, did a lot of earthquake relief work for earthquake victims, successfully handled the earthquake disaster, and created a new institution called Development Association, which enabled the government and private capital to jointly set up a new company. On April 29th, the government-controlled "Production Development Company" was formally established. Production and development companies have built a number of high-tech enterprises, which have promoted the application and development of new technologies in agriculture, animal husbandry, forestry, energy, mining, manufacturing and other economic fields. The Development Association has borrowed a lot of money from the Export-Import Bank of the United States for enterprises similar to production development companies. Mining coal mines near Concepcion, opening steel mills, exploring oil in Antarctica, building hydropower stations in the central valley, promoting the development of import substitution industries, and producing household appliances, cement and sucrose. The development of these industries has reduced Chile's dependence on imports and increased industrial employment by 20%. 1939, 10, the "sergeant adolf menadir" vocational non-commissioned officer school was established to train various professional non-commissioned officers for the air force. 194 1 year, the government issued Decree No.3737, which partially revised the national anthem of Chile. On the diplomatic front, the government of aguirre Zelda provided asylum for refugees living in South America during the Spanish Civil War. After the outbreak of World War II, Chile declared its neutrality and opened several port cities to provide shelter for European refugees who came to escape the war.

Die of illness

Aguirre zelda 1940,1941kloc-0/65438+1October 25th, President aguirre zelda died in Santiago at the age of 62. Chile widely commemorates President aguirre Zelda. There is a city named after him in Santiago province, and there is a statue in memory of President aguirre Zelda in the capital Santiago. 1967, the Chilean air force established a comprehensive scientific research station named after President aguirre Zelda on South Shetland Island.

work

Aguirre Zelda wrote The Land with Problems (1929) and The Problems of Industry (1933).

family member

Aguirre Zelda married Juana Rosa aguirre Luco on1916 (1877 ~1963), and they had no children.