Where is the first large-scale monument of astronomy in China?

Qingdao Observatory is located at the top of Guanxiang Mountain, 75 meters above sea level in Qingdao, which is a beautiful summer resort, located on the coast of the Yellow Sea and Jiaozhou Bay. 1898, the german naval port survey department built a meteorological astronomical observatory at Guantao road 1, and 1905 changed its name to "royal Qingdao observatory".

1. Overview: 19 14. After Japan occupied Qingdao, it was renamed the Climate Survey Institute. 1924, China officially accepted and changed its name to the Observatory. 1937 Japanese occupation again, 1946 returned to China after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. 1949 was taken over by the navy after liberation. 1957, astronomy, geomagnetism, and earthquakes are under the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Since then, Qingdao Observatory has been divided into two parts: the meteorological part belongs to the navy and is named "Meteorological Observatory of the North Sea Fleet Command of the Chinese People's Liberation Army"; The other part is called "Purple Mountain Observatory of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao Observatory". 1978, the establishment of this station was cancelled and it was planned as an ocean research institute. 1993, formerly known as Ethan, resumed its organizational system.

Qingdao Observatory is located in many mountain parks in downtown Qingdao, but "A glimpse of the dome" was once listed as one of the top ten scenic spots in Qingdao. Dome refers to Qingdao Observatory of Purple Mountain Observatory of Chinese Academy of Sciences, which is located at the top of Guanxiang Mountain. Guanxiang Mountain is 79 meters above sea level, with gentle mountain, flat top and beautiful environment. According to records, Guanxiang Mountain has been a park since the early 1960s. After liberation, trees, flowers, grass, stone roads, tables and chairs, pavilions and flower galleries were planted. There is also the national origin built by the Bureau of Surveying and Mapping of the General Staff of the China People's Liberation Army in the 1950s, and the elevations of all parts of the country are counted from this origin. In the mid-1980s, Guanxiangshan Park was planned as an activity place for popular science education in astronomy and meteorology and mountaineering.

Significance: Qingdao Observatory is the birthplace of modern astronomy in China. Although it originated in Germany and is easy to stand on its own feet, its major achievements, especially its pioneering contribution in astronomy, were achieved only after China took over. Jiang Bingran and the older generation of scientists started the cause of modern astronomy in China in the difficult environment where warlords were fighting and neighboring countries couldn't wait. 1924, China started his own time service; 1925 started modern sunspot observation and research, and accumulated the first batch of modern sunspot observation data for China. During the period of 1926, Qingdao Observatory, as the only representative of China, was invited to participate in the first international longitude survey and achieved excellent results. It was praised by the President of the International Longitude Survey Association, which initiated the international cooperation in astronomy in China. 193 1 year, the first dome astronomical observation room (7.8m in diameter) built in China was completed in Qingtai. 1932, the first 32/20cm astrophotography telescope imported from China was put into use, which marked that China's astronomy industry entered the advanced ranks.

After the founding of New China, Qingdao Observatory continued to observe and study sunspots, mainly engaged in the photography and positioning of asteroids, comets, stars and artificial satellites. From 1985 to 1986, he participated in the precise positioning observation and research of large-scale structures during the international joint survey of Halley's Comet, and obtained 2 sets of precise photographic positioning data.10 won the first prize of China Academy of Sciences in 1989, and19.

The existing main building is a castle-style seven-story stone office building. There is a small bungalow with a brick roof in the west of the building, and the standard position of Qingdao latitude and longitude is placed in the room. There is an exquisite and unique small stone house in Shanya, which is the origin of leveling in China.

Social value: Qingdao Observatory not only attaches importance to scientific research, but also attaches great importance to astronomical science education. It is a tourist attraction to watch the stars and the moon and learn astronomical knowledge. It receives about 10000 tourists from home and abroad every year, and was once rated as one of the top ten landscapes in Qingdao as "dome-shaped landscape". 1992 was listed as a municipal cultural relics protection unit by Qingdao Municipal Government and Qingdao Cultural Relics Bureau, and was listed as "provincial science popularization education base" and "Qingdao science popularization education base" by Shandong Province and Qingdao Association for Science and Technology respectively. In 20/0/2, Kloc was awarded the title of National Science Popularization Education Base by China Association for Science and Technology, Provincial "Three-Star Science Popularization Education Base" by Shandong Association for Science and Technology, and "Qingdao Excellent Science Popularization Venue" by Qingdao Association for Science and Technology.